Lauwers, Anne Marie
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Lazcano, Antonio
Lemke, Kono
Lerman, Louis
Leucine
Lévi-Strauss, Claude
Life. See also Defining life;
Extraterrestrial life;
Flat life;
Synthetic life
antiquity of
carbon isotope signature
as chance event vs. cosmic imperative
characteristics of
chemical interactions
complexity
first life-form on Earth
meaning and value of
raw materials for
standards of proof
temperature limits
window for emergence
Lightman, Alan
Lightning
Limestone
Limonene
Lindsay, John
Lipid World scenario
Lipids, amphiphilic
aerosol life
bilayer structure
building blocks
coenzymes and
extraction and analytical procedures
hydrothermal conditions
Murchison meteorite sample
RNA encapsulation
seawater minerals and
self-replication
self-organization
ultracold vacuum experiments
Löb, Walter
Logos
Lowell, James Russell
Lowell, Percival
Luisi, Pier Luigi
Lyxose
M
Macquarie University
Macromolecules.
See also Lipids
abiotic formation
assembly
building blocks
chiral selectivity and
Miller–Urey process and
minerals as protection
production steps
synthesis of
in water
Magnesium
Magnesium oxide crystal model system
Magnetite
Magnetotactic bacteria
Malate
Mandelbrot set
Mars
atmosphere
“canals”
chemical analyzer
detecting life on
meteorites from
Noachian epoch
sample return mission
surface water
Viking mission
Mass spectrometry
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Mathematica
Maule, Jake
McKay, David
Melosh, Jay
Membranes.
See also Lipids
clay
encapsulation of metabolic protolife
iron sulfide bubble
RNA encapsulation
Merton, Alan
Metabolic protolife
amino acids and
autocatalytic networks
autotrophic
citric acid cycle
continuity in
credit for idea
cross-catalytic systems
cyclical processes
encapsulation
energy sources
environment and
evolution of
fossil biochemical pathways
genetics linked to
heterotrophic
hydrothermal origin of
Iron–Sulfur World
laboratory experiments
principles
Protenoid World
pyruvate and
reverse citric acid cycle
self-assembly of macromolecules
self-replication
test of
Thioester World
Meteorites
Allan Hills
amino acids
biomolecules from
carbonaceous chondrites
contamination
Hadean eon
lipid molecules in
microbial transfer from Earth to space
Murchison
PAH ratios
Methane
Methyl acrylic acid
2-Methylhopanoid
Mica
Microarray Assay for Solar System Exploration (MASSE)
Microbes. See also Bacteria
antiquity of
asteroid impacts and
DNA swapping
as energy source
extremophiles
fossils
genome sequencing
magnetite crystals and
in meteorites
mining for
oil-from-below hypothesis
reverse citric acid cycle
in rocks
Savannah River core samples
and spontaneous generation theory
testing hypotheses
Microscope
Microspheres
Mid-Atlantic Ridge
Miller, Charles
Miller, Stanley L.
Miller–Urey experiment
“Millerites” and “Miller lites”
Minerals. See also Clay life;
other specific minerals
bonding to amino acids
carbonate
as catalysts
as cell walls
chiral surfaces
double-layer hydroxides
at hydrothermal vents
polymerization on
as protection for protolife
as scaffolding for life
in seawater
selection of molecules
and self-organization
surfaces as energy sources
surfaces as genetic sequence
Mojzsis, Stephen J.
Molecular evolution
autocatalytic systems
biomolecules
competition and
complex emergent systems
laboratory experiments
molecular selection and
phylogenetic analysis
RNA
self-replication
synthetic life
Molecular “fossils”
Molecular selection
chirality
by minerals
and molecular evolution
in PAH World
process
in space
Morgan, Stanley Hunt
Morowitz, Harold
The Mummy (film)
Murray, Andrew
Myths
N
Naphthalene
NASA Ames Research Center
Astrobiology Science Conferences
National Academy of Sciences
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Allan Hills meteorite
Astrobiology Institute support for research
definition of life
Exobiology program
Lunar and Planetary Science Conference
Mars exploration
Office of Space Science
Specialized Center of Research and Training
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
National Science Foundation
Natural history, religious vs. scientific interpretation
Natural selection
Nealson, Kenneth
Needham, John
Neptunists
Neutron stars
New England College
Newton's laws of motion
Nickel
Nickel sulfide
Niels Bohr Institute
Nielsen, Peter
Nielsen-Marsh, Christine
Nitrogen
atmosphere
chemistry at hydrothermal vents
isotopes
1-Nonene
Nuclear reactors, microbial corrosion
Nucleation
Nucleic acids.
See also DNA;
RNA
; Nucleotides
O
Occam's razor
Oceanologica Acta (journal)
Ohmoto, Hiroshi
Oil-from-below hypothesis
Oil-slick hypothesis
Olivine
Onstott, Tullis
Oparin, Alexander
Oregon State University
Orgel, Leslie
Oró, John
Osteocalcin
Ourisson, Guy
Oxalic acid dihydrate
Oxaloacetate
Oxford University
Oxygen
P
Packer, Bonnie
PAH World
amino acid bases
comments of
energy source
experimental support
hypothesis
molecular selection
publication
self-organization
thesis defense
PAHs. See Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Paper chromatography
Parity principle
Pashley, Richard
Pasteur, Louis
Pasteurization
Pennsylvania State University
Peptide nucleic acid (PNA)
Peptides
formation
self-replicating
Petroleum, abiotic formation
Pflug, Hans-Dieter
Phenanthrene
Philosophy of science
Phospholipid molecules
Photosynthesis
Phylogenetic analysis
Pilbara Craton
Platts, Simon Nicholas (Nick)
Plutonists
PNA. See Peptide nucleic acid
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)
amphilic character
base spacing
biomarker and abiomarker ratios
in deep space
discotic organization
encapsulation
functionalized;
see also PAH World
identification
in meteorites
and photosynthesis
sources
structures
synthesis and purification
ubiquitousness
UV radiation and
Polymerization on the rocks
Popper, Karl
Portsmouth University
Prebiotic chemistry
atmospheric
criticisms of
early speculation about
at hydrothermal vents
Miller–Urey experiment
oceanic
spontaneous generation theory
ultracold reactions
variations on Miller–Urey
Pre-RNA World. See PAH World
Prigogine, Ilya
“Primordial soup” hypothesis.
See also Miller–Urey experiment
Prokaryotes
Proline
Propene
Proteins
Protenoid World
Protenoids
Proto-planetary nebulae
Pseudoscience
Pulsars
Purdue University
Pyranosyls
Pyrene
Pyrite
Pyrrhotite
Pyruvate
Q
Q virus
Quartz
R
Radioactive beta decay
Rebek, Julius, Jr.
Reductionism
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
Reproduction.
See also Self-replication
Reverse citric acid cycle
Reynolds, Craig
Ribose.
See also RNA
Ribosomes
Ribozymes
RNA
amphiphilicity
antiquity of
bases
biochemical synthesis pathways
as catalyst and information carrier
clays as scaffolding for
encapsulation
molecular selection experiments
nucleotide synthesis
precursor polymers;
see also PAH World
protein assembly
replicase
riboswitches
ribozymes
self-replicating
specialized
Spiegelman monsters
structure
synthetic organisms
variants
RNA World hypothesis
Rodhocetus
Ross, David
Rossman, George
Royal Society of London
Rubin, Vera
Runnegar, Bruce
Russell, Michael
S
Sagan, Carl
Salk Institute for Biological Studies
Sand patterns
Santa Fe Institute
Savannah River nuclear processing facility
Schidlowski, Manfred
Schopf, J. William
Scripps Institution of Oceanography
Scripps Research Institute
Seager, Sara
Self-complementary molecules
Self-organization
in aerosols
of biomolecules
clays and
crystal nucleation
energy input
experiments
lipid membranes
macromolecules
metabolic networks
multimers
PAH World
RNA-containing vesicles
seawater minerals and
spontaneous
into surface life
vesicles
Self-replication
autocatalytic molecules
biomolecules
citric acid cycle
clay life
competition and
cross-catalytic systems
DNA strands
emergence
flat life
lipids
by metabolic protolife
peptides
polymers
reverse citric acid cycle
RNA molecule
self-complementary molecules
test-tube experiments
SETI Institute
Shale fossils
Shock, Everett
Silicon
Siljan Ring
Simpson, Sarah
Singer, Maxine
Smith, John Maynard
Smith, Joseph V.
Solar radiation
South African sandstones
Space
biomolecular diversity
chiral-selection process in
membranes from
molecular clouds
Spallanzani, Lazzaro
Spiegelman, Sol
Spiral galaxies
Spontaneous generation, theory of
Squalene
Stanford University
Steele, Andrew
Sterols
Stewart, Potter
Strecker synthesis
Strelley Pool Chert
Sucrose
Sugar phosphates
Sugars
Sulfur.
See also Iron–Sulfur World
Summons, Roger
Surface origin of life
flat life
mineral surfaces
at ocean–atmosphere interface
on rocks
Sweden
Museum of Natural History
State Power Board
Synthetic life
Szostak, Jack
T
Tartaric acid
Termite colonies
Thalidomide
Thermodynamics, laws of
Thin layer hromatographic analysis
Thioester World
Thioesters
Thiols
Threose
Thymine
Titan (moon)
TNA
Toporski, Jan
Tree of life
Tricarboxylic acid cycle
U
Ultracold vacuum experiments
Ultraviolet radiation
Undersea volcanic vents, ecosystems.
See also Hydrothermal-origins hypothesis
ammonia source
black smokers
ecosystems
mineral-rich environment
sulfide pillars
Uniformitarians
Université Louis Pasteur
University of Bristol
University of California
Davis
Los Angeles
San Diego
Santa Barbara
Santa Cruz
University of Chicago
University of Colorado
University of Florida
University of Houston
University of Illinois
University of Karlsruhe
University of Miami
University of Montana
University of Newcastle
University of Regensburg
University of Washington
Updike, John
Uracil
Urea
Urey, Harold
U.S. Geological Survey
V
van Kranendonk, Martin
“Ventists”.
See also Hydrothermal-origins hypothesis
Vesicles
Violarite
Viruses
Vitalism
Volcanic eruptions.
See also Undersea volcanic vents
von Kiedrowski, Guenter
W
Wächtershäuser, Günter
Walters, Malcolm
Washington University
Water
biomolecular assembly in
dielectric constant
at extreme pressure-cooker conditions
pyruvate experiments
Watson, James
Werner, Brad
Western Australian
chert
shale
Whale, evolution
Whitehead Institute
Whitehouse, Martin
Wills, Christopher
Wilson, E. O.
Woese, Carl
Wöhler, Frederich
Wolfram, Stephen
Women, in origins research
X
X-ray spectrometry
Xylose
Y
Yale University
Ycas, Martynas
Yeast chromosomes
Yoder, Hatten S. (Hat)
Z
Zeolites
Zinc sulfides
Plate 1
Plate 2
Plate 3
Plate 4
Plate 5
Plate 6
Plate 7
Plate 8
Genesis: The Scientific Quest for Life's Origin Page 40