on Boyle, 90
death of father, 110–11, 120, 127, 243
hill stations, trips to, 27
and Lahore, evacuation to, 88
return to England, 217
sowars, protection by, 113, 120, 122–3, 124
Graham, William, 153, 219
Grand Trunk road, 12
grapeshot, 139
greased cartridges, 37–50, 58–63, 74, 75
Great Game, 170
Greenwood, Staff-sergeant, 94
Guha, Ranajit, 8
Guise, Dr, 108–9, 123, 149
Gujranwala, Punjab, 12, 13, 69, 86, 104, 105
Gujrat, Punjab, 12, 16, 76, 92, 146
Gurdaspur, Punjab, 12, 109, 124, 134, 135, 136, 138, 144
Gurkhas, 230
Hamlet (Shakespeare), 224
hangings, 69, 83, 89, 118, 145, 151–3, 156, 159–60, 177
Hatch, Duane Spencer, 213
havildars, 14, 16, 37
Hay, William, 165
headhunting, 197–8
Hearsey, John Bennet, 110–15, 122
Heart of Darkness (Conrad), 1, 214
Hedayut Ali, 7, 23, 25, 26, 46, 53, 55, 57, 58
Highlanders, 196, 199
Hill States, 127, 165
hill stations, 27, 106–7
Hill, R.A., 85, 94, 117, 150–51
Himalayas, 11, 82, 144, 169–72, 187
Hinduism, 13, 15, 16, 18–19, 20–23, 79–82
caste, see under caste
and Christianity, 52, 53, 80
dietary rules, 18, 19, 21, 40, 47–9, 56, 57–60, 74, 79–80
festivals, 19, 75
funeral rites, 20, 57, 147, 176, 178–9
Ganges river, 20–21, 22, 79
kala pani, 20–23
shrines, 19
syncretism, 19
Hindustanis, 16, 94, 100, 121, 135, 146, 151–2, 166–7, 186
Hintsa kaKhawuta, Xhosa king, 196
Hodson, William Stephen Raikes, 159
Holy Trinity Church, Sialkot, 13, 29, 53
Horse Artillery, 67
Hoshiapur, Punjab Province, 134
hot season, 11, 27, 71, 72
‘Hottentot Venus’, 207
Household Words, 183
Hunter Memorial Church, Sialkot, 221, 222
Hunter, Jane, xix, 3, 7, 27–30, 34, 66, 68, 72, 150
death, xix, 3, 119–20, 125, 128–30, 131–2, 149, 162, 173, 202
grave, 221–2
Hill’s house, refuge at, 94, 117, 118, 150
and Lahore, evacuation to, 87, 91
Hunter, Robert, 217–18
Hunter, Thomas, 6–7, 34, 66, 68, 71, 72, 91, 150
death, xix, 3, 119–20, 125, 129–30, 131–2, 149, 173, 202
Gordons, relations with, 29, 86, 91
grave, 221–2
Hill’s house, refuge at, 94, 117, 118, 150, 151
and Lahore, evacuation to, 86, 87, 91
mission, 27–30, 51, 52, 53, 69
Huxley, Thomas Henry, 215
Indian and Colonial Exhibition (1866), 215
Indo-Gangetic Plain, 13, 16
‘Inspector Strickland’ (Kipling), 121
Iraq, 214
Ireland, 4, 27, 191, 201 Rebellion (1798), 192
Islam, 4, 13, 15, 16, 19, 56, 79–82
and Christianity, 51, 53, 80
Koran, 22, 79, 80
festivals, 19, 75
funeral rites, 176, 179
and pork, 40, 80, 180
Ramadan, 15
Sufism, 19
syncretism, 19
Ismael, Mohamet, 29, 125
izzat, 26
Jallandahr, Punjab, 134
Jamaica, 203, 215
Jameson, James S., 206–7
Jammu, 12, 27, 148, 162–3, 169, 222
Jamuna river, 16, 199
Jandiala, Punjab, 97
Jantje, Luka, 208–9
Japan, 214
Jasrota, Jammu, 162–3
jemadar, 15
Jesus and Mary convent, Sialkot, 13, 29, 95, 98, 120, 125, 126
Jhansi, North-Western Provinces, xx, 99, 133
Jhelum, Punjab, 12, 92, 93, 97, 102, 126, 141, 144
Jhelum river, 77, 97
Jones, Assistant Commissioner, 65, 68, 70, 71, 93, 94, 95, 117–19
Jungle Book (Kipling), 158
kala pani, 20–23
Kallianwala Ku, Ajnala, 223
Kangra District, Punjab, 164
Karachi, Sindh, 4
Kashmir, 12, 148, 157, 162, 165, 168–9, 171, 222
Kaurik, 169
Kaye, John W., 156, 181–2, 183, 220
Kenya, 214
khalasi, 39, 40
Khan, Ahmed, 7, 45–6, 52, 54, 60, 61, 133
Khan, Hurmat, 101–2, 125, 132, 153, 187, 202
capture of, 222–3
Hunters, killing of, 119, 129–30, 132, 223
Monckton, relations with, 101, 130, 152
reward for capture, 153, 222
Khan, Mainodin Hassan, 25, 35, 42, 47, 99
Khan, Subhan, 130
khansamahs, 103, 146
Kildare Street Club, Dublin, 191
Kilmarnock caps, 15, 136
‘Kim’ (Kipling), 121
Kipling, Rudyard, 121, 158, 161, 172, 222
Kissen, Ram, 42
Kitchener, Horatio Herbert, 209–11
Knox, G., 169–71
Knox, Robert, 196, 206
Koran, 22
Korean War (1950–53), 214
kotes, 43, 44, 106, 241
Kotwali, 101, 219
Kucha Chelan, Delhi, 219
Kuka sect, Namdharis, 203
Kullu Valley, 165, 169
Kumasi, Ashanti, 206
Ladakh, 169
Lahore, Punjab, 12, 27, 31, 37, 151, 153
evacuation to, 67, 71, 72, 85–8, 90, 91, 94, 109, 119, 149
executions, 89
rebel advance on, 85, 134, 135
telegraph, 12
Lakshmi Bai, 133
Landour, Himalayas, 27, 88
Lawrence, John, 27, 63, 90, 180, 184
Lawrence, Richard, 27, 88, 151, 152, 153, 155
Leh, Ladakh, 169
local dress, disguise in, 72, 121
The Lord Clyde, Walmer, xix–xxi, 3, 5, 223
‘Lost Legion, The’ (Kipling), 161, 172
Lucknow, Awadh, 150, 193, 198, 247
Lushai campaign (1871–72), 197–8
Madame Tussauds, 172
Madhopur, Punjab, 135, 166–8
Madras Presidency, 55–6, 177
Mahdi (Muhammad Ahmad bin Abd Allah), 209–13
Majendie, Vivian Dering, 159
Malaya Emergency (1948–60), 214
Mall, Shah, 192–3, 203
Manchester Guardian, The, 210
Maori people, 205, 215, 224
Marathas, 176, 177
martial law, 158
‘martial races’, 213
Martineau, Edward, 20, 48–50
martyrdom, 73, 81, 82
Mashone people, 208
Master, John, 121
Matabele people, 208
Mau Mau Uprising (1952–60), 214
McMahon, C.A., 33
fugitives, hunt for, 162–3
on Hunters, murder of, 129
Monckton house, refuge at, 71, 93, 94, 117
and plundering, 151
and prayer meetings, 69
uprising, 117–20, 123, 125
Meean Meer, Punjab, 154, 157
Meerut, North-Western Provinces, 16, 47
Mrs Chambers, killing of, 101
greased cartridges dispute, 40, 59, 61–2
prison break, 100
telegraph, 66
uprising (1857), 31, 34, 35, 62, 63, 66, 97, 98, 102
memento mori, 198
memsahibs, 13, 128
Metcalfe, Charles, 155
Minié bullets, 38
missionaries, 27–8, 50
–53, 69, 186–7, 217–22
see also American Presbyterians; Church of Scotland
Missur, Maharaj, 107
Monckton, Henry, 13, 32–4, 71, 93, 94, 117, 119, 124, 221
illness, 13, 117
and The Lord Clyde, 223
preaching, suspension of, 31
punishment of rebels, 153
Sikh levy, raising of, 68–9
Montgomerie, Lieutenant, 102–4, 105
Montgomery, Robert, 180
Morant Bay Rebellion (1865), 203
Morley, John, 210
Morning Post, The, 5
Morocco, 214
Morris, William, 215
Mounted Police, 117, 151
Moveable Column, 67, 77–8, 91, 93, 98, 134, 137–48
Mughal Empire (1526–1857), 18, 62, 66, 73, 76, 78, 79–83, 99, 122
Bahadur Shah, imprisonment and trial of, 159, 219
cannon executions, 176
proclamations and letters from, 78–83, 99, 102
sepoy allegiance to, 79–83, 133, 134, 148
warrior gentlemen, 229
Mughal, Mirza, 78
Mukherjee, Rudrangshu, 8
Multan, Punjab, 161, 172
Munro, Hector, 177
muskets, 14, 15, 20, 33, 37–50, 58–63, 72, 75, 138, 139
Nagode State (1344–1950), 46
Nana Sahib, xx, 133, 157–8, 169, 172, 193
Napoleonic Wars (1803–15), 37
Natural History Museum, London, 3
Neill, James, 179
Nepal, 169, 230
Netherlands, 204, 207
New Zealand, 205, 215, 224
Nicholson, John, 77, 153
55th BNI, pursuit of, 161
death, 220–21
Delhi, assault on, 220
disarmament of sepoys, 77, 97
freebooter, beheading of, 191–2
post, interception of, 77
and punishment, 90, 156, 158
reputation, 89, 90, 92, 158
Trimmu Ghat, battle of, 137–8, 140, 142–8, 173
North-West Frontier, 12, 213–14
Northern Ireland, 6
Nully, Hospital Sergeant, 247
Nurpur, Punjab, 134
Nutteree, Punjab, 136
Omdurman, battle of (1898), 209, 211–12
Ommaney, Lieutenant, 145
Opium War, Second (1856–60), 170
Oude, see Awadh
Oxfordshire Regiment, 52nd, 13–14, 67, 70, 125, 135, 138–48, 186, 188
Pacific War (1941–5), 214
Pakistan, 223
Palkhu creek, 12, 114, 119, 221
Pandey, Mangal, 45, 141
Parsis, 122
Pashtuns, 101, 140, 144
Pasrur, Punjab, 109
Pathans, see Pashtuns
Pattern 1842 muskets, 15, 37, 38
Pattern 1853 muskets, 37–50, 58–63, 72, 75, 79, 139
Persia, 74, 170, 176
Peshawar, Punjab, 12, 37, 39, 50, 67, 75
execution of sepoys, 90, 178, 180, 181, 183
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 73, 86
Philippines, 259
Phillaur, Punjab, 164
Phrenological Society of Edinburgh, 193
Phrenological Society of London, 194
phrenology, 194–204
pilgrims, 76, 164–5
pirs, 19
Pitt Rivers Museum, Oxford, 2
Plassey, battle of (1757), 73–4
plundering, 100, 113, 120–22, 134–5, 143, 151, 163, 165
policing, 12, 33, 69, 94, 100–101, 111, 117, 118, 151–2
pollution of foodstuff, 48, 59–60, 74, 78
Portugal, 207, 214
poshteens, 56
Presbyterianism, 6, 13, 29, 30–34, 35, 51
Primrose League, 211
Princep, Arthur H., 95, 103, 104–5, 117, 126
prisons, 62, 100–101, 117–19, 121, 151–2
Protestantism, 27
Public Record Office, Northern Ireland, 6
Pucka Road, 109, 111
Punch, 205
Punjab, 11, 12, 16, 27, 66–7, 89
annexation of (1849), 24, 53
missionaries, 27–34, 50–53
and Purbiyas (Easterners), 70–71, 75, 121
Punjab Infantry Regiment, 3rd, 137
Punjab Infantry Regiment, 6th, 137
Punjab School of Musketry, 37–8, 41, 47
Purbiyas, 16, 25, 47, 70–71, 75, 101, 121, 134, 152, 153
purdah, 54
rain season, 134, 144
Rajghat gate, Delhi, 220
Rajputs, 16, 18, 22, 57, 58
Ram, Sita, 7
Ramadan, 15
Ramadeen, Subadar, 166
Ranbir Singh, Maharaja of Jammu and Kashmir, 168, 169
Rangoon, Burma, 21
Rani of Jhansi, xx
Raniganj, Bengal, 42
Ranjit Singh, Sikh Maharaja, 13
rape, xx, 113, 128, 131, 156–7, 203
Ravi river, 134–5, 138, 142, 144, 147, 148, 157, 162, 167, 224
Rawalpindi, Punjab Province, 191
Ray, Thomas B., 202–3
Red Fort, Delhi, 62
Redmond, William, 212
Rewa State (c.1790–1948), 46
Rich, Gregory, 227
Riel, Louis, 215
Rif War (1920–26), 214
Rissaldar, 151–2, 154
Robert, Andrew, 8–9
Roberts, Frederick, 1st Earl Roberts, 182, 183
Rohilkhand, 229
Roy, Tapti, 8
Royal College of Surgeons, London, 197, 205, 210
Royal Dragoon Guards Museum, York, 5
Royal United Service Institution, Whitehall, 6
Russell, William Henry, 172, 179–80, 181, 199, 209
Russell, William Howard, 165
Russia, 74, 170
sadhus, 76–7
Sahabad, Bihar, 58
Salt Department, 59
sati, 54, 178
Satichaura Ghat, Cawnpore, 199
Saunders, J.B., 110–15, 132
‘savage warfare’, 197
Saya San Rebellion (1931), 214
Scotland, 4, 6, 27–8, 66
Scott, Brother, 33, 85, 150, 186, 187
sepoys, 13, 14
batta, 21, 24
bhang, 45, 140–41
caste, 17, 18, 20–23, 39–42, 44, 46, 47, 49–50, 55
and corporal punishment, 56–7
daily routine, 14–15
disarmament of, see under disarmament
and Enfield cartridges, 37–50, 58–63, 74, 75, 79
family, attachment to, 16–17, 18, 20
and foodstuff, pollution of, 48, 59–60, 74
as fugitives, 161–73
furlough, 17–18
izzat, 26
kala pani, 20–23
living arrangements, 19–20
promotion, 23–4
recruitment, 4, 17–18, 22–3, 26
religious beliefs, 18–19, 20–23, 56
salary, 16–17, 24
Sita Ram, 7
social status, 17–18, 19
subaltern prosopography, 8
uniforms, 15, 19, 55–6
weapons, 15
villages, attachment to, 16–17, 19, 25
servants, 13, 32–3, 99
execution of, 152–3
loyalty of, 32–3, 130
preaching to, 30
punishment of, 152–3
and rumours, 74
uprising (1857), 101, 104, 109–14, 117, 120, 121–2, 125, 130
sexual violence, xx, 113, 128, 131, 203
Shabqadar, Punjab, 75
Shahpur, Punjab, 69, 77
Shakespeare, William, 224
Sharpe, J.E., 247
Shaw, George Bernard, 210
Shere Singh, Sikh Maharajah, 82
Sialkot, Punjab
American Presbyterian mission, see under American Presbyterians
>
bungalows, 11, 12, 26
Church of Scotland mission, see under Church of Scotland
courthouse, 12, 101, 123
destruction of, 150
European population, 13, 26–34, 65–74
fort, 12, 94, 103–107, 109, 111, 117, 118, 121–5, 127, 130, 151
Hearsey mansion, 110–15, 122
Holy Trinity Church, 13, 29, 53
hot season, 11, 27
Hunter Memorial Church, 221
jail, 12, 100–101, 117–19, 121, 131, 151–2
Jesus and Mary convent, 13, 29, 95, 98, 120, 125, 126
military station, 12, 13, 124
musketry school, 37–8, 41, 47–8, 63
old city, 12, 13
Palkhu creek, 12, 114, 119, 221
plundering, 100, 113, 120–22, 134, 135, 143, 151, 163, 165
police barracks, 12
St James Church, 13, 29
Sudder Bazaar, 12, 13, 29, 53, 55, 94, 95, 109, 121, 122, 123
Sufi shrines, 19
treasury, 12, 120, 121, 123, 134
warning note, 85
signal gun, 137, 146
Sikhs, 13, 16, 24, 58, 71, 82, 171, 230
Anglo-Sikh War, First (1845–46), 230
Anglo-Sikh War, Second (1848–49), 12, 13, 53, 146, 230
Kallianwala Ku, 223
khaki uniforms, 137
Kuka sect, Namdharis, 203
levies, 68, 104, 117, 118, 119, 123, 152, 157
Sikh Kingdom (1799–1849), 12, 13, 24, 53, 146
treasury guard, 167
Trimmu Ghat, battle of, 136, 137, 142, 143, 145
Simla, 127, 165, 169
Sindh, conquest of (1843), 24
Singh, Gholab, Raja of Jammu, 148
Singh, Issuree, 42
Singh, Jemadar Sewbuccus, 41–2
Singh, Mirwan, 139
Singh, Ranbir, Maharaja of Jammu and Kashmir, 168, 169
Singh, Ranjit, Sikh Maharaja, 13
Singh, Sirdar Teja, 12
slavery, 192
Sleeman, William H., 16–17, 23, 57, 76
smallpox, 215
Smith, Mr, 108–9, 123
smoothbore muskets, 138
South Africa, 195–7, 201, 204–5, 207–9, 212–13, 215, 224
Southampton, Hampshire, 217
sowars, see Bengal Light Cavalry
Spanish Foreign Legion, 214
Sphere, The, 6, 226
Spiti Valley, 169–71
Spry, Henry Harpur, 194–5, 206
St James Church, Sialkot, 13, 29
Stanley, Edward, 184
Stanley, Henry Morton, 204, 206–8
Stevenson, E.H., 71, 73, 85, 87
‘stiff upper lip’, 68, 158
Stokes, Eric, 8
subaltern prosopography, 8
Sudan, 209–12
Sudder Bazaar, 12, 13, 29, 53, 55, 94, 95, 109, 121, 122, 123
Sufism, 19
sunstroke, 138
Swat valley, 161
Swift, Indian convert, 85
Tantia Tope, 198, 256
Tanzania, 197
Taylor, Meadows, 7
telegraph, 12, 31, 65–6, 75
Temple Bar, London, 197, 206
Terai, 169
Tharoor, Shashi, 9
‘Thugs’, 7, 121, 155, 158, 163, 177–8, 179, 194, 195
The Skull of Alum Bheg Page 36