693 “great satisfaction”: London Morning Chronicle, October 15, 1776.
694 “unfortunate beginning”: Josiah Bartlett to Nathaniel Folsom, September 2, 1776, in Letters of Delegates to Congress, V, Paul H. Smith, ed. (Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress, 1979), 91.
695 “disaster”: John Adams to Abigail Adams, September 4, 1776, in Adams Family Correspondence, II, L. H. Butterfield, ed. (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1963), 118.
696 “All in solicitude”: The Literary Diary of Ezra Stiles: President of Yale College, II Franklin Bowditch Dexter, ed. (New York: Scribner, 1901), 51.
697 “a masterpiece”: New England Chronicle, September 19, 1776.
698 “The manner”: Virginia Gazette, September 14, 1776.
699 “Providence favored us”: New England Chronicle, September 19, 1776.
700 “We have thought”: Massachusetts Spy, October 23, 1776.
701 “It was a surprising change”: Ewald Shewkirk Diary, in Henry P. Johnston, The Campaign of 1776 Around New York and Brooklyn (Brooklyn: Long Island Historical Society), Part II, 115.
702 “A hard day this”: Personal Recollections of Captain Enoch Anderson (Wilmington, Del.: Historical Society of Delaware, 1896), 22.
703 “entirely unfit”: George Washington to John Hancock, August 31, 1776, in PGW, VI, 177.
704 “much hurried”: Ibid., 178.
6. Fortune Frowns
705 “I have only time”: Joseph Reed to Esther Reed, September 2, 1776, NYHS.
706 “a mere point”: Joseph Reed to Charles Pettit, August 4, 1776, in Life and Correspondence of Joseph Reed, I, William B. Reed, ed. (Philadelphia: Lindsay & Blakiston, 1847), 212.
707 “dispensations of Providence”: Joseph Reed to Esther Reed, September 2, 1776, NYHS.
708 “But only consider a minute”: Joseph Hodgkins to Sarah Hodgkins, September 5, 1776, This Glorious Cause: The Adventures of Two Company Officers in Washington’s Army, Herbert T. Wade and Robert A. Lively, eds. (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1958), 217.
709 “I had my sleeve button shot”: Ibid., 219.
710 “I fear General Washington”: Henry P. Johnston, The Campaign of 1776 Around New York and Brooklyn (Brooklyn: Long Island Historical Society, 1878), Part I, 227–228.
711 “who when fortune frowns”: Henry Knox to Lucy Knox, September 5, 1776, NYHS.
712 “Now is the time”: George Washington, General Orders, September 2, 1776, in PGW, VI, 199.
713 “The militia”: George Washington to John Hancock, September 2, 1776, in PGW, VI, 199.
714 “stand as winter quarters”: Ibid., 200.
715 “desirous of an accommodation”: Josiah Bartlett to William Whipple, September 3, 1776, in Paul H. Smith, ed., Letters of Delegates to Congress, 1774–1789, V (Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress, 1979), 94.
716 “no damage”: John Hancock to George Washington, September 3, 1776, in PGW, VI, 207.
717 “no doubt”: Ibid.
718 “leave no stone”: George Washington to William Heath, September 5, 1776, in PGW, VI, 224.
719 “We think”: Joseph Reed to Esther Reed, September 6, 1776, in William B. Reed, ed., Life and Correspondence of Joseph Reed, I (Philadelphia: Lindsay & Blakiston, 1847), I, 230–231.
720 “When I look round”: Ibid.
721 “I think we have”: Nathanael Greene to George Washington, September 5, 1776, in PGW, VI, 222.
722 “ ’Tis our business”: Ibid., 223
723 “I give it as my opinion”: Ibid.
724 “put nothing to the hazard”: George Washington to John Hancock, September 8, 1776, in PGW, VI, 251.
725 “Had I been left”: George Washington to Lund Washington, October 6, 1776, in PGW, VI, 494.
726 “On every side”: George Washington to John Hancock, September 8, 1776, in PGW, VI, 248–251.
727 “We should on all occasions”: Ibid.
728 “On the other hand”: Ibid.
729 “a pleasing circumstance”: Ambrose Serle, September 6, 1776, in The American Journal of Ambrose Serle, 1776–1778, Edward H. Tatum, Jr., ed. (San Marino, Calif.: Huntington Library, 1940), 94.
730 “so critical and dangerous”: Officers to George Washington, September 11, 1776, in PGW, VI, 279.
731 “It is desirable”: Henry Steele Commager and Richard B. Morris, eds., The Spirit of ’Seventy-Six, I (Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill, 1958), 453.
732 “grand military exertion”: Joseph Reed to Esther Reed, September 14, 1776, in Life and Correspondence of Joseph Reed, William B. Reed, ed. (Philadelphia: Lindsay & Blakiston, 1847), I, 235.
733 “a moment longer”: Paul H. Smith, ed., Letters of Delegates to Congress, V, 97, n. 1.
734 “We are now taking”: George Washington to John Hancock, September 14, 1776, in PGW, VI, 308–309.
735 “lined with men”: Sir Henry Clinton, The American Rebellion: Sir Henry Clinton’s Narrative of His Campaigns, 1775–1782, William B. Willcox, ed. (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1954), 45.
736 “an entire dependence”: Diary of Frederick Mackenzie, I (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1930), 45.
737 “We will alter your tune”: Joseph Plumb Martin, A Narrative of a Revolutionary Soldier (New York: Penguin, 2001), 30.
738 “I think if we stand”: Henry P. Johnston, The Campaign of 1776 Around New York and Brooklyn (Brooklyn: Long Island Historical Society, 1878), Part II, 70–71.
739 “as distinctly as though”: Joseph Plumb Martin, A Narrative of a Revolutionary Soldier (New York: Penguin), 30.
740 “We lay very quiet”: Ibid., 31.
741 “When they came”: Ibid., 30.
742 “by damning themselves”: Francis, Lord Rawdon, to Francis, Earl of Huntingdon, September 23, 1776, in Report on the Manuscripts of the late Reginald Rawdon Hastings, III (London: Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, 1930–1947), 183.
743 “So terrible”: Ambrose Serle, September 15, 1776, in The American Journal of Ambrose Serle, 1776–1778, Edward H. Tatum, Jr., ed. (San Marino, Calif.: Huntington Library, 1940), 104.
744 “frog’s leap”: Joseph Plumb Martin, A Narrative of a Revolutionary Soldier (New York: Penguin, 2001), 31.
745 “but they mostly overshot”: Henry P. Johnston, The Campaign of 1776 Around New York and Brooklyn (Brooklyn: Long Island Historical Society, 1878), Part II, 71–72.
746 “happy to escape”: Francis, Lord Rawdon, to Francis, Earl of Huntingdon, September 23, 1776, Report on the Manuscripts of the late Reginald Rawdon Hastings, III (London: Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, 1930–1947), 184.
747 “I saw a Hessian”: Journal of Bartholomew James, September 15, 1776, in Naval Documents of the American Revolution, William James Morgan, ed., VI (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of the Navy, 1972), 841.
748 “flying in every direction”: George Washington to John Hancock, September 16, 1776, in PGW, VI, 313.
749 “Take the walls!”: George F. Scheer and Hugh F. Rankin, Rebels and Redcoats (New York: Da Capo Press, 1957), 182.
750 “Are these the men”: William Heath, Heath’s Memoirs of the American War (New York: A. Wessels Co., 1904), 70.
751 “The demons of fear”: Joseph Plumb Martin, A Narrative of a Revolutionary Soldier (New York: Penguin, 2001), 32.
752 “Nothing could equal”: Ambrose Serle, September 15, 1776, in The American Journal of Ambrose Serle, 1776–1778, Edward H. Tatum, Jr., ed. (San Marino, Calif.: Huntington Library, 1940), 104.
753 “Thus this town”: Ibid., 105.
754 “Having myself been a volunteer”: Henry P. Johnston, The Campaign of 1776 Around New York and Brooklyn (Brooklyn: Long Island Historical Society, 1878), Part I, 89.
755 “disgraceful and dastardly”: George Washington to John Hancock, September 6, 1776, in PGW, VI, 314.
756 “Fellow’s and Parson’s whole brigade”: Nathanael Greene to Nicholas Cooke, September 17, 1776, in PNG, I, 300.
757 �
�The wounds received”: William Heath, Heath’s Memoirs of the American War (New York: A. Wessels Co., 1904), 70.
758 “The men were blamed”: Benjamin Trumbull, “Journal of the Campaign at New York, 1776–1777,” Collections of the Connecticut Historical Society, VII (1899), 195.
759 “We ought to have men”: Henry Knox to William Knox, September 23, 1776, NYHS.
760 Mrs. Robert Murray: Henry P. Johnston, The Campaign of 1776 Around New York and Brooklyn (Brooklyn: Long Island Historical Society, 1878), Part I, 239.
761 “Mrs. Murray treated them:” Ibid.
762 Washington sent Reed cantering: Joseph Reed to Esther Reed, September 17, 1776, NYHS.
763 “I have sent out”: George Washington to John Hancock, September 16, 1776, in PGW, VI, 314.
764 “I went down to our most advanced”: Joseph Reed to Esther Reed, September 17, 1776, NYHS.
765 “I never felt such a sensation”: Ibid.
766 “to recover that military ardor”: George Washington to Patrick Henry, October 5, 1776, in PGW, VI, 479.
767 Washington ordered a counterattack: George Washington to John Hancock, September 18, 1776, in PGW, VI, 331.
768 “rushed down the hill”: Joseph Hodgkins to Sarah Hodgkins, September 30, 1776, in This Glorious Cause, Herbert T. Wade and Robert A. Lively, eds. (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1958), 222.
769 Knowlton’s encircling move: George Washington to John Hancock, September 18, 1776, in PGW, VI, 331.
770 “[We] drove the dogs”: Henry Phelps Johnston, The Battle of Harlem Heights, September 16, 1776 (New York: Macmillan, 1897), 155.
771 “The pursuit of a flying enemy”: Joseph Reed to Esther Reed, September 1776, in Life and Correspondence of Joseph Reed, William B. Reed, ed. (Philadelphia: Lindsay & Blakiston, 1847), 238.
772 “They were seen to carry off”: Joseph Hodgkins to Sarah Hodgkins, September 30, 1776, in This Glorious Cause, Herbert T. Wade and Robert A. Lively, eds. (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1958), 222.
773 “greatest loss”: Joseph Reed to Esther Reed, September 17, 1776, NYHS; George Washington to John Washington, September 22, 1776, in PGW, VI, 374.
774 “a pretty sharp skirmish”: George Washington to Philip Schuyler, September 20, 1776, in PGW, VI, 357.
775 “They find that if they stick”: Henry Knox to William Knox, September 23, 1776, NYHS.
776 “Our people beat the enemy”: Nathanael Greene to William Ellery, October 4, 1776, in PNG, I, 307.
777 “impetuosity”: Sir Henry Clinton, The American Rebellion, William B. Willcox, ed. (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1954), 46.
778 “as if they were a thousand”: Tench Tilghman, Memoir of Lieutenant Colonel Tench Tilghman (New York: Arno Press, 1971), 143.
779 “If we cannot fight them”: Joseph Reed to Esther Reed, October 11, 1776, in Life and Correspondence of Joseph Reed, I, William B. Reed, ed. (Philadelphia: Lindsay & Blakiston, 1847), 244.
780 “many fair houses”: Ambrose Serle, September 19, 1776, in The American Journal of Ambrose Serle, 1776–1778, Edward H. Tatum, Jr., ed. (San Marino, Calif.: Huntington Library, 1940), 109.
781 “The shore of the Island”: Frederick Mackenzie, Diary of Frederick Mackenzie, I (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1930), 66.
782 “The infinite pains”: Ambrose Serle, September 19, 1776, in The American Journal of Ambrose Serle, 1776–1778, Edward H. Tatum, Jr., ed. (San Marino, Calif.: Huntington Library, 1940), 109.
783 “judge for themselves”: Troyer Steele Anderson, The Command of the Howe Brothers During the American Revolution (New York: Oxford University Press, 1936), 160.
784 “pyramid of fire”: Frederick Mackenzie, Diary of Frederick Mackenzie, I (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1930), 60.
785 “The sick, the aged”: Ibid.
786 “thrown into the flames”: Ibid., 59.
787 “There is no doubt”: Ibid., 59–60.
788 “lurking”: Henry Steele Commager and Richard B. Morris, eds., The Spirit of ’Seventy-Six I (Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill, 1958), 475.
789 “The Yankees [New York Loyalists]”: James Grant to Richard Rigby, September 24, 1776, James Grant Papers, LOC.
790 called it an accident: George Washington to John Hancock, September 22, 1776, in PGW, VI, 369.
791 “Providence, or some good honest fellow”: George Washington to Lund Washington, October 6, 1776, in PGW, VI, 495.
792 “New England man”: New York Gazette, September 30, 1776.
793 “a person named Nathan Hales”: Frederick Mackenzie, Diary of Frederick Mackenzie (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1930), 61.
794 “too frank and open”: Henry Phelps Johnston, Nathan Hale, 1776 (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1914), 106.
795 “reflect, and do nothing”: Ibid., 107.
796 “I only regret that I have but one life”: Henry Steele Commager and Richard B. Morris, eds., The Spirit of ’Seventy-Six, I (Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill, 1958), 476.
797 “We hung up a rebel”: I. N. Phelps Stokes, The Iconography of Manhattan Island, 1498–1909, I (New York: Arno Press, 1967), 1025.
798 “A spirit of desertion”: Joseph Reed to Congress, in William B. Reed, ed., Life and Correspondence of Joseph Reed, I (Philadelphia: Lindsay & Blakiston, 1847), 240.
799 Reed had seen a soldier running: Joseph Reed to Esther Reed, in William B. Reed, ed., Life and Correspondence of Joseph Reed, I (Philadelphia: Lindsay & Blakiston, 1847), I, 238.
800 “I should have shot him”: PGW, VI, 367, n. 3.
801 “presenting his firelock”: George Washington, General Orders, September 22, 1776, in PGW, VI, 366.
802 “suffer death without mercy”: George Washington, General Orders, September 23, 1776, in PGW, VI, 375.
803 “To attempt to introduce discipline”: Joseph Reed to Esther Reed, October 11, 1776, in William B. Reed, ed., Life and Correspondence of Joseph Reed, I (Philadelphia: Lindsay & Blakiston, 1847), 243.
804 “Unless some speedy, and effectual measures”: George Washington to John Hancock, September 23, 1776, in PGW, VI, 394.
805 “fly hastily and cheerfully”: Ibid.
806 “To place any dependence”: Ibid., 396.
807 “lust after plunder”: Ibid., 399.
808 “atrocious offenses”: Ibid., 398.
809 “Such is my situation”: George Washington to Lund Washington, September 30, 1776, in PGW, VI, 441–442.
810 “That in the parlor”: Ibid., 442.
811 “To our surprise and mortification”: George Washington to John Hancock, October 8–9, 1776, in PGW, VI, 507.
812 “little more to fear”: Nathanael Greene to Nicholas Cooke, October 11, 1776, in PNG, I, 315.
813 “Tweedledum business”: Sir Henry Clinton, July 6, 1777, The American Rebellion, William B. Willcox, ed. (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1954), 49, n. 23.
814 “their former scheme”: George Washington to Nicholas Cooke, October 12–13, 1776, in PGW, VI, 546.
815 “absurd interference”: John R. Alden, General Charles Lee: Traitor or Patriot? (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1951), 142.
816 “retained as long as possible”: George Washington, Council of War, October 16, 1776, in PGW, VI, 576.
817 “obstruct effectually”: William James Morgan, ed., Naval Documents of the American Revolution, VI (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of the Navy, 1972) 1221.
818 “As the movements of the enemy”: George Washington, General Orders, October 17, 1776, in PGW, VI, 582.
819 “one of the others gave it a shove”: Joseph Plumb Martin, A Narrative of a Revolutionary Soldier (New York: Penguin, 2001), 46.
820 “Oh! The anxiety of mind”: Henry Steele Commager and Richard B. Morris, eds., The Spirit of ’Seventy-Six, I (Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill, 1958), 487.
821 enemy dead: George Athan Billias, General John Glover and His Marblehead
Mariners (New York: Holt, 1960), 121.
822 “The sun shone bright”: William Heath, Heath’s Memoirs of the American War (New York: A. Wessels Co., 1904), 88.
823 “Yonder is the ground”: George F. Scheer and Hugh F. Rankin, Rebels and Redcoats (New York: Da Capo Press, 1957), 194.
824 “The air and hills smoked”: Peter Force, American Archives, III (Washington, D.C.: M. St. Clair and Peter Force, 1837–1853), 474.
825 Washington ordered more men: PGW, VII, fn. 3, 52–53.
826 “Opinions here are various”: Joseph Reed to Esther Reed, November 6, 1776, in William B. Reed, ed., Life and Correspondence of Joseph Reed, I (Philadelphia: Lindsay & Blakiston, 1847), 248.
827 “Others, and a great majority”: Ibid.
828 “without attempting something more”: George Washington to John Hancock, November 6, 1776, in PGW, VII, 97.
829 “If we cannot prevent”: George Washington to Nathanael Greene, November 8, 1776, in PGW, VII, 115–116.
830 “His Excellency General Washington”: Nathanael Greene to Henry Knox, November [17], 1776, in PNG, I, 351.
831 “The movements and designs”: George Washington to John Hancock, November 14, 1776, in PGW, VII, 154.
832 “No wind for some days past”: Frederick Mackenzie, Diary of Frederick Mackenzie, I (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1930), 99.
833 “probably be against Fort Washington”: Ibid.
834 “the first object”: Ibid., 95.
835 William Diamond: Ibid.
836 “dreaming, sleepy-headed”: Ambrose Serle, December 8, 1776, The American Journal of Ambrose Serle, 1776–1778, Edward H. Tatum, ed. (San Marino, Calif.: Huntington Library, 1940), 156.
837 “It is easy to see”: Ibid., November 10, 1776, 138–139.
838 “of much service to General Howe”: Frederick Mackenzie, Diary of Frederick Mackenzie, I (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1930), 97.
839 “from the general appearance”: Ibid., 105.
840 “Sir, if I rightly understand”: PGW, VII, n. 1, 162.
841 “it being late at night”: George Washington to John Hancock, November 16, 1776, in PGW, VII, 163.
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