105. “I think you shine”: Ibid., 420.
106. “true saying of a wit”: LOD, III, 523.
107. “a most interesting spectacle”: Pennsylvania Gazette, May 15, 1776.
108. “the happiness and safety”: DJA, III, 383.
109. “Why all this haste?”: Ibid., II, 238.
110. “I wonder the people”: Ibid., 239.
111. “Before we are prepared”: Ibid., 240.
112. “a machine for the fabrication of”: Ibid., III, 386.
113. “passed the most important”: LOD, III, 676.
114. “the cool considerate men”: Ibid., IV, 30.
115. When I consider the great events: AFC, I, 410.
116. “Fine sunshine”: Christopher Marshall diary, May 23, 1776, Pennsylvania Historical Society.
117. “Uncommonly hot”: LOD, III, 33.
118. “as the excessive heats”: Boyd, ed. PTJ, I, 292.
119. Bob Hemings: Malone, Jefferson the Virginian, , 216.
120. “I’ve been so long”: Boyd, ed. PTJ, I, 293.
121. “Nothing was too small”: Bear, Jefferson at Monticello, 78.
122. “man of science”: William Plumer, Memorandum, 454.
123. “Never contradict”: Randolph, The Domestic Life of Thomas Jefferson, 318.
124. “utter three sentences”: DJA, III, 335–36.
125. shall I become a Don Quixote: Ibid.
126. You rose: Schutz and Adair, eds., Spur of Fame, 227.
127. “only impatience of temper”: Randall, Life of Thomas Jefferson, , I, 78.
128. “rubber off of dust”: DJA, II, 218.
129. 5,000 acres: Betts, ed., Thomas Jefferson’s Farm Book, xv.
130. window frames: McLaughlin, Jefferson and Monticello, 163.
131. indentured servant: Ibid., 69.
132. a hundred black slaves: Monticello Research Center, Charlottesville, Virginia.
133. earliest childhood memory: Randall, Life of Thomas Jefferson, I ii.
134. substantial debts: Malone, Jefferson the Virginian, 162.
135. “all geese are swans”: JA to Frances Vanderkemp, November 24, 1814, AP, MHS
136. “looking with fondness”: Boyd, ed., PTJ, I, 241.
137. “return of the happy period”: Ibid., 241.
138. “rather than submit”: Ibid., 242.
139. “Every post”: LOD, IV, 40.
140. “natural course”: Ibid., 122.
141. Richard Henry Lee: Fehrenbach, Greatness to Spare, 201.
142. That these United Colonies: Boyd, ed., PTJ, I, 298.
143. notes kept by Jefferson:Ibid., 309.
144. “The sensible part”: LOD, IV, 174.
145. “Great things”: AFC, II, 13.
146. According to Adams: Works, II, 514.
147. “I consented”: Lipscomb, ed., Writings of Thomas Jefferson, XV, 461.
148. wrote disparagingly of John Adams: DJA, III, 396.
149. Windsor chair: See Bedini, Declaration of Independence Desk,6–7.
150. “to place before mankind”: TJ to Henry Lee, May 8, 1825, in Lipscomb, ed., Writings of Thomas Jefferson, VII, 407.
151. I was delighted: Works, II, 514.
152. transcribed the full text: AFC, II, 35, n. 3.
153. copy to Abigail: Ibid., 48–49, n. 8.
154. ravages of smallpox: Shurkin, Invisible Fire, 173–77.
155. “I have not been idle”: LOD, IV, 304, n. 1.
156. “What in the name”: Works, II, 291.
157. “The only question”: LOD, IV, 290.
158. “the bloody conflict”: Commager, Spirit of Seventy-six, 308.
159. “You see therefore”: LOD, IV, 304.
3. COLOSSUS OF INDEPENDENCE
1. “This morning is assigned”: LOD, IV, 345.
2. The object is great: Ibid., 345–46.
3. John Dickinson had resolved: DJA, III, 396.
4. “He had prepared himself”: Ibid., 396.
5. “My conduct this day”: LOD, IV, 352.
6. “determined to speak”: DJA, III, 396.
7. Objects of the most stupendous: LOD, IV, 178.
8. “not graceful”: Hazelton, Declaration of Independence, 162.
9. “‘carried out in spirit’”: Shaw, Character of John Adams, 99.
10. “the Atlas”: Works, III, 56.
11. not an actor: DJA, III, 397.
12. “started suddenly”: Hazelton, Declaration of Independence, 119.
13. Caesar Rodney: Ibid., 193.
14. another cloudburst: P. H. Smith, Time and Temperature, 4. 130
15. The second day of July 1776: AFC, II, 30.
16. “transported”: Ibid., 31.
17. “You will see in a few days”: Ibid., 28.
18. “This day”: Miller, ed., Selected Papers of Charles Willson Peale. , I, 189.
19. well known in the taverns: LOD, IV, 370.
20. mercifully the temperature: See P. H. Smith, Time and Temperature, 4.
21. “the ceaseless action”: Hazelton, Declaration of Independence.145.
22. JOHN THOMPSON:
23. nearly 2,500,000: Wood, Radicalism of the American Revolution. 125.
24. some 5,000 men: Harley, Timetables of African-American History. 42.
25. more than 200,000 slaves: John Miller, Wolf by the Ears, 2
26. was about 200: Estimate by Lucia Stanton of the Jefferson Memorial Foundation, Charlottesville, Virginia.
27. John Dickinson: Nash, “Slaves and Slaveowners in Colonial Philadelphia.” 250.
28. Even Benjamin Franklin: Campbell, Recovering Franklin. 243.
29. buying and selling: Van Doren, Benjamin Franklin. 129.
30. “a likely wench”: Ibid.
31. When Samuel Adams: Lewis, Grand Incendiary. 150.
32. pamphlet attacking slavery: Corner, ed., Autobiography of Benjamin Rush. 83.
33. Yet he himself: Hawke, Benjamin Rush: Revolutionary Gadfly, 84.
34. “a sprightly, pretty fellow”: DJA, II, 182.
35. “equally strong”: AFC, I, 369.
36. “foul contagion”: JA to Colonel Ward, January 8, 1810, AP, #118, MHS.
37. several slave cases: See Wroth and Zobel, Legal Papers of John Adams, II, 48–52.
38. “repeated” rather than “unremitting”: LOD, IV, 360.
39. “suffered the administration”: Ibid., 361.
40. “our British brethren”: Ibid., 363.
41. “fighting fearlessly”: Hazelton, Declaration of Independence. 145.
42. for the support of this Declaration: LOD, IV, 364.
43. pleasantly cool: P. H. Smith, Time and Temperature. 3.
44. Of Jefferson’s Day: Malone, Jefferson the Virginian. 229.
45. “on the common”: Hazelton, Declaration of Independence. 242.
46. “Fine starlight”: Christopher Marshall diary, Pennsylvania Historical Society.
47. “very few respectable”: Hazelton, Declaration of Independence, 555
48. Savannah:Ibid., 280.
49. black flies: Randolph, Domestic Life of Thomas Jefferson, 49.
50. “We must all hang together”: Fehrenbach, Greatness to Spare, 19.
51. “My hand trembles”: Ibid.
52. produced a new era: LOD, IV, 527.
53. “gallant spirit”: AFC, II, 49. 139 “I think an individual”: LOD, IV, 512.
54. “Mr. Dickinson’s alacrity”: AFC, I, 347.
55. Nathanael Greene: PJA, IV, 382.
56. “unsoldierly conduct”: Twohig, ed., PGW, Revolutionary War Series, V, 290.
57. “vastly unequal”: AFC, II, 24.
58. “We are all inexperienced”: PJA, IV, 325.
59. “very exactly and minutely”: Ibid., 388.
60. Continental currency: Ibid., 375.
61. “Jefferson in those days”: Works, III, 68–69.
62. “Smallpox!”: AFC, II, 24.
63. dispatch of July 11: Tw
ohig, ed., PGW, Revolutionary War Series, V, 277.
64. “Never — never”: AFC, II, 50.
65. Her letter of explanation: Ibid., 45.
66. Dr. Zabdiel Boylston: Shurkin, Invisible Fire, 152.
67. Onesimus: Ibid., 155.
68. “pus from the ripe pustules”: Ibid., 162.
69. “Such a spirit of inoculation”: AFC, II, 45.
70. “Nabby has enough of the smallpox”: Ibid., 93.
71. “in honor and duty”: Ibid., 52.
72. “Not one word”: Ibid., 56.
73. Jefferson checked his thermometer: Bear and Stanton, eds. Jefferson’s Memorandum Books, I, 433.
74. “For God’s sake”: Boyd, ed, PTJ, I, 482–83.
75. “My mother”: Randolph, Domestic Life of Thomas Jefferson, 30. 145
76. “great pain”: Boyd, ed., PTJ, I, 483.
77. “the whole subject”: Corner, ed., Autobiography of Benjamin Rush. 140. 146
78. “minutia”: Boyd, ed, PTJ, I, 477.
79. “a great deal of difference”: LOD, IV, 527. 146
80. If a confederation, AFC, II, 68.
81. “a mere sound”: Boyd, ed, PTJ, I, 325. 147
82. Hopkins of Rhode Island: Ibid., 326. 147
83. “The more a man”: DJA, II, 247–48. 147
84. Jefferson did speak up: LOD, IV, 603–4. 148
85. “suspense, uncertainty”: AFC, II, 83. 148
86. “as a bridegroom”: Ibid., 76.
87. “If Bass is in the land”: Ibid., 84. 148
88. “This country knows not”: Ibid., 99. 148
89. “I know not how”: AFC, II, 73. 148
90. “I am really astonished”: Ibid., 78. 148
91. Henry Popple: Ibid., 91–92. 149
92. My countrymen want art: Ibid., 76.
93. Benjamin Rush: : Ibid., 59.
94. Charles Willson Peale: Ibid., 112.
95. Here, I say:
96. “of above ships”: Tatum, ed., American Journal of Ambrose Serle. 72.
97. “The Hessians”: Commager, Spirit of Seventy-six. 443.
98. “Good God!”: Flexner, George Washington, II, 111.
99. “peculiar providential”: Commager, Spirit of Seventy-six, 445.
100. “Our situation”: Sept. 3,1776.
101. “Have we not”: ”: PJA, V, 3.
102. “In general”: AFC, II, 140. 153
103. letter of September 4: Ibid., 117.
104. “The panic may seize”: Ibid., 120.
105. Adams remarked under his breath: Corner, ed., Autobiography of Benjamin Rush. 140.
106. “satisfy some disturbed minds”: LOD, V, 120.
107. “Machiavellian maneuvers”: DJA, III, 430.
108. “The staunch and intrepid”: Ibid., 425.
109. His Lordship on Staten Island: : Ibid., 417.
110. The Billopp House: AFC, II, viii.
111. “good claret”: DJA, III, 420.
112. Lord Richard Howe: Ibid., 422.
113. “changed the ground”: LOD, V, 138.
114. “Your Lordship”:
115. “warmly”: LOD, V, 140.
116. “Mr. Adams is a decided character”: DJA, III, 423.
117. He was to hang:Ibid., 423.
118. Howe had no authority: AFC, II, 124.
119. “They met, they talked”: Tatum, American Journal of Ambrose Serle. 101.
120. “So terrible”: Ibid., 104.
121. began cursing: See account in Freeman, Leader of the Revolution. 153–75.
122. “Our affairs”: LOD, V, 212.
123. September 25: Twohig, ed. PGW, Revolutionary War Series. VI, 394.
124. To place any dependence: Ibid., 396.
125. $20 and 100 acres of land: AFC, II, 131.
126. Articles of War: DJA, III, 434.
127. a military academy: Ibid., 437.
128. “Unfaithfulness”: AFC, II, 131.
129. “if we fear God”: Corner, ed., Autobiography of Benjamin Rush. 142.
130. “great abilities”: Boyd, ed. PTJ, I, 522.
131. “circumstances very peculiar”: Ibid., 524.
132. “tedious time of it”: AFC, II, 107.
133. “I am stupefied”: Ibid., 139.
134. “your Ladyship”: ”: Ibid., 141.
135. “This illustrious patriot”: LOD, V, 183.
136. “Every member of Congress”: Corner, ed., Autobiography of Benjamin Rush. 140.
4. APPOINTMENT TO FRANCE
1. “When do you expect”: AFC, II, 142
2. “I had it in my heart”: Ibid., 150
3. “I am apt to think”: Ibid., 151
4. From her window: Ibid., 171
5. “I want a bird of passage”: Ibid.
6. “’Tis a constant remembrancer”: Ibid., 173
7. “not an hour in the day”: Ibid., 241
8. “We want your industry”: Cappon, ed., Adams-Jefferson Letters. 6.
9. “They worry one another”: AFC, II, 245.
10. “I begin to suspect”: Ibid., 176
11. You have discovered: Ibid., 179.
12. “A taste for literature”: Ibid., 177.
13. “the arts of peace”: Ibid., 180.
14. Smollet’s History of England: Ibid., 254
15. “solid instruction”: Ibid., 307.
16. “Our money”: Ibid., 340.
17. “like to outshine”: Ibid., 238.
18. “still more painful one”: Ibid., 258
19. “shaking fit”: Ibid., 277
20. “It appeared to be a very fine babe”: Ibid., 282
21. “The corn looks well”: Ibid., 288
22. “The loss of this sweet little girl”: Ibid., 292
23. “’Tis almost 14 years”: Ibid., 301
24. “Oh, Heaven!”: DFA, II, 265
25. “spirited exertions”: AFC, II, 351
26. “Great advantages”: Ibid., 376
27. It was my intention: DFA, IV, 1.
28. told by Elbridge Gerry: Ibid., 3.
29. named Adams a commissioner: LOD, VIII, 335
30. a formal letter of notification: PFA, V, 333.
31. “We are by no means”: LOD, VIII, 372
32. “one man of inflexible integrity”: Ibid., 338
33. expert on cryptology: See Kahn, Codebreakers. 181ff
34. “This knowledge is only part”: AFC, II, 333
35. And can I, sir: Ibid., 371
36. acceptance to Henry Laurens: PFA, V, 367
37. “I should have wanted”: Ibid., 369
38. “My desire was”: AFC, II, 390
39. You are in possession: Ibid., III, 37
40. They were to sail: DFA, II, 269
41. I am aware: Butterfield, ed., Letters of Benjamin Rush. I, 190-92
42. “The heavens frown”: DFA, IV, 7
43. “The wind was very high”: Ibid., 7
44. 14 degrees: Journal of Professor John Winthrop, Feb.15, 1778, Harvard University Archives.
45. “This morning weighed the last anchor”: DFA, II, 271
46. Nicholas Noel: Ibid., IV, 7
47. lacking in erudition: Ibid., 10
48 . You are to afford: Tucker Papers. I 26-27
49. “detestable”: DFA, IV 17
50. Potter’s Field: AFC, II, 209
51. “rolling and rocking”: DFA, II, 274
52. When night approached: Ibid., 274
53. ship “shuddered”: Ibid., IV, 12
54. “raving mad”: Ibid., II, 276 see n. I.
55. “The sea being very cross”: Sheppard, Life of Samuel Tucker. 266
56. No man could keep: DFA, II, 275-76.
57. [His] behavior: Ibid., 15-16
58. “perfectly calm”: Ibid., II, 276
59. “I am constantly”: Ibid., 278
60. “I did not say”: Ibid., 368
61. “What is this Gulf Stream?”: Ibid., 279
62. “The wind is fresh
”: Ibid., 280
63. John Quincy had undertaken: Ibid., IV, 21.
64. “our infant navy”: Ibid., 25
65. “We see nothing”: Ibid., II, 281
66. “Nothing very remarkable”: Sheppard, Life of Samuel Tucker. 269
67. “We spied a sail”: DFA, IV, 24
68. over the head of John Adams: Ibid., II, 285.
69. “among my marines”: Ibid., 286-87
70. Lieutenant Barron: Ibid., 288
71. “Europe, thou great theater”: Ibid., 292
72. “as clean as in any gentleman’s”: Ibid.
73. “I hope I shall never forget”: AFC, III, 11
74. symbolic of his whole life: Cappon, ed., Adams-Jefferson Letters, II, 294, Feb.3, 1812.
75. warned Adams of bad blood: DFA, IV, 39.
76. “le fameux Adams”: Ibid., II, 351
77. “I believe at first”: DFA, IV, 37.
78. “accoutered”: Ibid., 41
79. “bold, masculine”: Ibid., 42
80. “I was astonished”: Ibid., 47
81. “hard study”: Ibid., 67
82. “The reception I have met”: AFC, III, 9.
83. “I cannot help suspecting”: Ibid., 10.
84. “If human nature”: Ibid., 17
85. To tell you the truth: Ibid.
86. His name was familiar: Works. I, 660.
87. “Although he was very advanced”: DJA, IV, 78.
88. Voltaire and Franklin: Ibid., 80–81.
89. “Nature and art”: AFC, III, 31–32.
90. “coolness”: DJA, IV, 43.
91. “mercurial temperament”: Shipton, Sibley’s Harvard Graduates. XIII, 245.
92. “I am old”: Lopez, ed. PBF, XXVI, 223.
93. “the most corrupt”: Shipton, Sibley’s Harvard Graduates. XIII, 252
94. “He believes all men selfish”: DJA, II, 347
95. Franklin’s character: PJA, IV, 26–27.
96. “great and good man”: AFC, I, 253.
97. He had wit at will: Works. I, 663.
98. “It was impossible”: DJA, IV, 87.
99. Franklin spoke the language poorly: Ibid., II, 302.
100. John Adams is a man: Tolles, “Franklin and the Pulteney Mission,” 54.
101. “I suppose”: DJA, IV, 65.
102. I have long observed: Lopez, ed., PBF, XXIII, 211.
103. Dr. Edward Bancroft: A. R. Riggs, The Nine Lives of Arthur Lee, Virginia Patriot (Williamsburg, Va.: Virginia Independence Bicentennial Commission, 1976). 52.
104. “The longer I live”: PJA, VI, 348.
105. writing to Samuel Adams: DJA, IV, 106–8.
106. “Pas un mot!”: Ibid., 92.
107. “becoming the station I held”: Ibid., 132.
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