Raine, A. (2013). The anatomy of violence: The biological roots of crime. London: Penguin. An excellent overview of the link between biology and behaviour.
Walsh, A., & Beaver, K. M. (2009). (Eds.) Biosocial criminology: New directions in theory and research. New York: Routldege. This provides excellent reviews by a number of authors of the evidence regarding biosocial effects on criminality.
REFERENCES
AA (n.d.). Young Drivers at Risk. Retrieved from https://www.theaa.com/resources/Documents/pdf/young-drivers-at-risk.pdf
Aguiar, R. (2016). Brain injury and crime. The Psychologist, 29, 452–454. Retrieved from https://thepsychologist.bps.org.uk/volume-29/may-2016/brain-injury-and-crime
American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fifth edition, text revision (DSM 5). Washington DC: American Psychiatric Association.
Apgar, V. (1953). A proposal for a new method of evaluation of the newborn infant. Current Research in Anesthesia and Analgesia, 32, 260–267.
Arsenault, L., Tremblay, R. E., Boulerice, B., & Saucier, J. F. (2002). Obstetrical complications and violent delinquency: Testing two developmental pathways. Child Development, 73, 496–508.
Asarnow, R., Satz, P., Light, R., & Neumann, E. (1991). Behavior problems and adaptive functioning in children with mild and severe closed head injury. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 16, 543–555.
Baglivio, M. T., Swartz, K., Huq, M. S , Sheer, A., & Hardt, N. S. (2014). The prevalence of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in the lives of juvenile offenders. OJJDP Journal of Juvenile Justice, 3, 1–23.
Baldwin, M. W. (2005). Interpersonal cognition. New York: Guilford.
Beech, A.R., Carter, A.C., Mann, R.E., & Rotshtein, P. (Eds.) (in press). The handbook of forensic neuroscience. Oxford: Wiley.
Birbaumer, N., Viet R., Lotze M., Erb, M., Hermann, C., Grodd, W., et al. (2005). Deficient fear conditioning in psychopathy – A functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Archives of General Psychiatry, 62, 799–805.
Blaicher, W., Gruber, D., Bieglmayer, C., Blaicher, A. M., Knogler, W., & Huber, J. C. (1999). The role of oxytocin in relation to female sexual arousal. Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation, 47, 125–126.
Blonigen, D. M., Carlson, S. R., Krueger, R. F., & Patrick, C. J. (2003). A twin study of self reported psychopathic personality traits. Personality and Individual Differences, 35, 179–197.
Boland, F. J., Chudley, A. E., & Grant, B. A. (2002). The challenge of fetal alcohol syndrome in adult offender populations. Forum on Corrections Research 14. Retrieved from http://www.csc-scc.gc.ca/text/pblct/forum/e143/143s_e.pdf
Breakey, J. (1997). The role of diet and behaviour in childhood. Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 33, 190–194.
Brennan, P. A., Grekin, E. R., & Mednick, S. A. (1999). Maternal smoking during pregnancy and adult male criminal outcomes. Archives of General Psychiatry, 56, 215–219.
Brennan, P. A., Hall, J., Bor, W., Najman, J. M., & Williams, G. (2003). Integrating biological and social processes in relation to early-onset persistent aggression in boys and girls. Development and Psychopathology, 39, 309–323.
Brennan, P. A., Mednick, S. A., & Raine, A. (1997). Biosocial interactions and violence: A focus on perinatal factors. In A. Raine, P. Brennan, D. Farrington , & S. A. Mednick , (Eds.), Biosocial basis of violence (pp. 163–174). New York: Plenum Press.
British Medical Association, Board of Science, Education and Tobacco Control Resource Centre (2004). Smoking and reproductive life. The impact of smoking on sexual, reproductive and child health. London: author.
Brothers, L. (1996). Brain mechanisms of social cognition. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 10, 2–8.
Caldwell, J. D. (2002). A sexual arousability model involving steroid effects at the plasma membrane. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 26, 13–30.
Carswell, K., Maughan, B., Davis, H., Davenport, F., & Goddard, N. (2004). The psychosocial needs of young offenders and adolescents from an inner city area. Journal of Adolescence, 27, 415–428.
Caspi, A., McClay, J., Moffitt, T. E., Mill, J., Martin, J., Craig, I. W., et al. (2002). Role of genotype in the cycle of violence in maltreated children. Science, 297: 851– 854.
Chang, G., McNamara, T. K., Orav, E. J., & Wilkins-Haug, L. (2005). Brief intervention for prenatal alcohol use: A randomized trial. Obstetrics and Gynecology, 10, 991–998.
Chang, G., Wilkins-Haug, L., Berman, S., & Goerz, M.A. (1999). Brief intervention for alcohol use in pregnancy: A randomized trial. Addiction, 94, 1499–1508.
Chartrand, L. N., & Forbes-Chilibeck, E. M. (2003). The sentencing of offenders with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome. Health Law Journal, 11, 35–91.
Cloninger, C. R., Sigvardsson, S., Bohman, M., & von Knorring, A. (1982). Predisposition to petty criminality in Swedish adoptees. II. Cross-fostering analysis of gene-environment interaction. Archives of General Psychiatry, 39, 1242–1247.
Craissati, J. (2009). Attachment problems and sex offending. In A. R. Beech, L. E. Craig , & K. D. Browne (Eds.), Handbook of assessment and treatment of sexual offenders (pp. 13–38). Chichester: Wiley.
Déry, M., Toupin, J., Pauzé , R., Mercier, H., & Fortin, L. (1999). Neuropsychological characteristics of adolescents with conduct disorder: Association with attention-deficit-hyperactivity and aggression. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 27, 225–236.
Dolan, M., Deakin, J. F. W., Roberts, N., & Anderson, I. M. (2002). Quantitative frontal and temporal structural MRI studies in personality-disordered offenders and control subjects. Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging, 116, 133–149.
Dustman, R. E., Shearer, D. E., & Emmerson, R. Y. (1999). Life-span changes in EEG spectral amplitude, amplitude variability and mean frequency. Clinical Neurophysiology, 110, 1399–1409.
Eckstein, L. W., Shibley, I. J., Pennington, J. S., Carver, F. M., & Pennington, S. N. (1997). Changes in brain glucose levels and glucose transporter protein isoforms in alcohol- or nicotine-treated chick embryos. Brain Research and Developmental Brain Research 15, 383–402.
Ershoff, D. H., Ashford, T. H., & Goldenberg R. L. (2004). Helping pregnant women quit smoking. An overview. Nicotine and Tobacco Research, 6, S101–S105.
Felitti, V. J., Anda, R. F., Nordenberg, D., Williamson, D. F., Spitz, A. M., Edwards, V., & Marks, J. S. (1998). Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to many of the leading causes of death in adults: The Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Study. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 14, 245–258.
Fergusson, D. M., Boden, J. M., Horwood, L. J., Miller, A., & Kennedy, M. A. (2012). Moderating role of the MAOA genotype in antisocial behaviour. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 200, 116–123.
Fergusson, D. M., Woodward, L. J., & Horwood L. J. (1998). Maternal smoking during pregnancy and psychiatric adjustment in late adolescence. Archives of General Psychiatry, 55, 721–727.
Finzi, R., Ram, A., Har-Even D., Shnitt, D., & Weizman, A. (2001). Attachment styles and aggression in physically abused and neglected children. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 30, 769–786.
Fonagy, P. (2001). The human genome and the representational world: The role of early mother- infant interaction in creating an interpersonal interpretive mechanism. Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic, 65, 427–448.
Frazzetto, G., Di Lorenzo, G., Carola, V., Proietti, L., Sokolowska, E., Siracusano, A., et al. (2007). Early trauma and increased risk for physical aggression during adulthood: The moderating role of MAOA genotype. PloS One, 2: e486. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0000486
Frodi, A., Dernevik, M., Sepa, A., Philison, J., & Bragesjö , M. (2001). Current attachment representations of incarcerated offenders varying in degree of psychopathy. Attachment and Human Development, 3, 269–283.
Gabrielli, W. F., & Mednick, S. A. (1984). Urban environment, genetics, and crime. Criminology, 22, 645–652.
Galler, J. R., & Ramsey, F. (1989). A follow-up study of the influence of early malnutrition on d
evelopment. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 26, 254–261.
Galler, J. R., Ramsey, F., Solimano, G., & Lowell, W. E. (1983). The influence of early malnutrition on subsequent behavioral development. II. Classroom behavior. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 22, 16–22.
Ganapathy, V., Prasad, P. D., Ganapathy, M. E., & Leibach, F. H. (2000). Placental transporters relevant to drug distribution across the maternal-fetal interface. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 294, 413–420.
Gao, Y., & Raine, A. (2009). P3 event-related potential impairments in antisocial and psychopathic individuals: A meta-analysis. Biological Psychiatry, 83, 199–210.
Gilbert, P. (2005). Compassion and cruelty: A biopsychosocial approach. In P. Gilbert (Ed.), Compassion: Conceptualisations, research and use in psychotherapy (pp. 9–74). London: Routledge.
Gillath, O., McCall, C., Shaver, P. R., Baek, J. M., & Chun, D. S. (2008) Genetic correlates of adult attachment style. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 34, 1396–1405.
Greenberg, M. T., Speltz, M. L., & DeKlyen, M. (1993). The role of attachment in the early development of disruptive behavior problems. Development and Psychopathology, 5, 191–213.
Guy, J. D., Majorski, L. V., Wallace, C. J., & Guy, M. P. (1983). The incidence of minor physical anomalies in adult male schizophrenics. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 9, 571–582.
Hackshaw, A., Rodeck, C., & Boniface, S. (2011). Maternal smoking in pregnancy and birth defects: a systematic review based on 173, 687 malformed cases and 11.7 million controls. Human Reproductive Update, 17, 589–604.
Halverson, C. F., & Victor, J. B. (1976). Minor physical anomalies and problem behavior in elementary schoolchildren. Child Development, 47, 281–285.
Hansen, A., Dahl, L., Olson, G., Thornton, D., Grung, B., & Thayer, F. (2015). A long-term fatty fish intervention improved executive function in inpatients with antisocial traits and a history of alcohol and drug abuse. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 56, 467–474.
Hibbeln, J. R., Davis, J. M., Steer, C., Emmett, P., Rogers, I., Williams, C., et al. (2007). Maternal seafood consumption in pregancy and neurodevelopmental outcomes in childhood (ALSPAC study): An observational cohort study. Lancet, 369, 578–585.
Hillis, S. D., Anda, R. F., Dube, S. R., Felitti, V. J., Marchbanks, P. A., & Marks, J. S. (2004). The association between adverse childhood experiences and adolescent pregnancy, long-term psychosocial outcomes, and fetal death. Pediatrics, 113, 320–327.
Hodgins, S., Kratzer, L., & McNeil, T. F. (2001). Obstetric complications, parenting, and risk of criminal behavior. Archives of General Psychiatry, 58, 746–752.
Huebner, T., Vloet, T. D., Marx, I., Konrad, K., Fink, G. R., Herpertz, S. C., et al. (2008). Morphometric brain abnormalities in boys with conduct disorder. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 47, 540–547.
Hughes, N , Williams, W. H., Chitsabesan , P., Walesby, R. C., Mounce, L. T. A. Clasby , B. (2015). The prevalence of traumatic brain injury among young offenders in custody: A systematic review, Journal Of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 30, 94–105.
Hux, K., Bond, V., Skinner, S., Belau, D., & Sanger, D. (1998). Parental report of occurences and consequences of traumatic brain injury among delinquent and non-delinquent youth. Brain Injury, 12, 667–681.
Iacono, W. G. , & McGue, M. (2006). Association between P3 event-related brain potential amplitude and adolescent problem behavior. Psychophysiology, 43, 465–469.
Ishikawa, S. S., & Raine, A. (2002). Psychophysiological correlates of antisocial behavior: A central control hypothesis. In J. Glicksohn. (Ed.), The neurobiology of criminal behavior (pp. 187–229). Boston, MA: Kluwer.
Kemppainen, L., Jokelainen, J., Jarvelin, M. R., Isohanni, M., & Rasanen, P. (2001). The one-child family and violent criminality: A 31-year follow-up study of the Northern Finland 1966 birth cohort. American Journal of Psychiatry, 158, 960–962.
Kiehl, K., Smith, A. M., Mendrek A., Forster B. B., Hare R. D., & Liddle P. F. (2004). Temporal lobe abnormalities in semantic processing by criminal psychopaths as revealed by functional magnetic resonance imaging. Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging, 130, 27–42.
Kruesi, M. J. P., Casanova, M. V., Mannheim, G., & Johnson-Bilder, A. (2004). Reduced temportal lobe volume in early-onset conduct disorder. Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging, 132, 1–11.
Laakso, M. P., Gunning-Dixon, F., Vaurio, O., Repo-Tiihonen, E., Soininen, H., & Tiihonen, J. (2002). Prefrontal volume in habitually violent subjects with antisocial personality disorder and Type 2 alcoholism. Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging, 114, 95–102.
Laakso, M. P., Vaurio, O., Savolainen, L., Repo, E., Soininen, H., Aronen, H. J., & Tiihonen, J. (2000). A volumetric MRI study of the hippocampus in Type 1 and 2 alcoholism. Behavioral Brain Research, 109, 117–186.
Laakso, M. P., Vaurio, O., Koivisto, E., Savolainen, L., Eronen, M., Aronen, H. J., et al. (2001). Psychopathy and the posterior hippocampus. Behavioral Brain Research, 118, 187–193.
Lally, J. R., Mangione, P. L., & Honig, A. S. (1988). Long-range impact of an early intervention with low income children and their families. In D. R. Powell (Ed.), Parent education as early childhood intervention (pp. 79–104). Norwood, NJ: Ablex.
Larsson, H., Andershed , H., & Lichtenstein , P. (2006). A genetic factor explains most of the variation in the psychopathic personality. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 115, 2211–2230.
Lazar, S. W., Kerr, C. E., Wasserman, R. H., Gray, J. R., Greve, D. N., Treadway, M. T., et al. (2005). Meditation experience is associated with increased cortical thickness. Neuroreport, 16, 1893–1897.
Leon-Carrion, J., & Ramos, F. J. C. (2003). Blows to the head during development can predispose to violent cranial behaviour. Rehabilitation of consequences of head injury is a measure for crime prevention, Brain Injury, 17, 207–216.
Lester, B. M , Andreozzi, L., & Appiah L. (2004). Substance use during pregnancy: Time for policy to catch up with research. Harm Reduction Journal, 1, 5–49.
Lilienfeld, S. O., & Andrews, B. P. (1996). Development and preliminary validation of a self-report measure of psychopathic personality traits in noncriminal populations. Journal of Personality Assessment, 66, 488–524.
Liu, J. (2004). Childhood externalizing behavior. Theory and implications. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing, 17, 93–103.
Liu, J., & Raine, A. (2006). The effect of childhood malnutrition on externalizing behaviors. Current Opinion in Pediatrics, 18, 565–570.
Liu, J., Raine , A., Wuerker , A., Venables, P. H., & Mednick, S. A. (2009). The association of birth complications and externalizing behavior in early adolescents. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 19, 93–111.
Liu, J., & Wuerker, A. (2005). Biosocial bases of aggressive and violent behavior-implications for nursing studies. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 42, 229–241.
Loney, B. R., Frick, P. J., Clements, C. B., Ellis, M. L., & Kerlin, K. (2003). Callous-unemotional traits, impulsivity and emotional processing in adolescents with antisocial behavior problems. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 32, 66–80.
Lyons-Ruth, K., Alpern, L., & Repacholi, B. (1993). Disorganized infant attachment classification and maternal psychosocial problems as predictors of hostile aggressive behavior in the preschool classroom. Child Development, 64, 572–585.
MacPherson, P., & Chudley, A. E. (2007). Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD): Screening and estimating incidence in an adult correctional population. Second International Conference on Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder: Research, Policy, and Practice Around the World, Victoria, British Columbia.
Maguire, E. A., Woollett, K., & Spiers, H. J. (2006). London taxi drivers and bus drivers: A structural MRI and neuropsychological analysis. Hippocampus, 16, 1091–1101.
Marsh, A. A., Finger, E. C., Mitchell, D. G. V., Reid, M. E., Sims, C., Kosson, D. S., et al. (2008). Reduced amygdala res
ponse to fearful expressions in children and adolescents with callous- unemotional traits and disruptive behavior disorders. American Journal of Psychiatry, 165, 712–720.
Maughan, B., Taylor, A., Caspi, A., & Moffitt, T. E. (2004). Prenatal smoking and early childhood conduct problems. Archives of General Psychiatry, 61, 836–843.
Mednick, S. A., Volavka, J., Gabrielli, W. E , & Itil , T. (1981). EEG as a predictor of antisocial behavior. Criminology, 19, 219–229.
Miles, D. R., & Carey, G. (1997). Genetic and environmental architecture of human aggression. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72, 207–217.
Mitchell, I. J., & Beech, A. R. (2011). Towards an attachment related neurobiological model of offending. Clinical Psychology Review, 31, 872–882.
Moffitt, T. E. (1990). Juvenile delinquency and attention-deficit disorder. Developmental trajectories from age three to fifteen. Child Development, 61, 893–910.
Moffitt, T. E. (1993). Adolescence-limited and life-course-persistent antisocial behavior. A developmental taxonomy. Psychological Review, 100, 674–701.
Moffitt, T. E., Lynam, D. R., & Silva, P. A. (1994). Neuropsychological tests predicting persistent male delinquency. Criminology, 32, 277–300.
Morgan, A. B., & Lilienfeld, S. O. (2000). A meta-analytic review of the relationship between antisocial behavior and neuropsychological measures of executive function. Clinical Psychology Review, 20, 113–136.
Muller, J. L., Sommer, M., Wagner, V., Lange, K., Taschler, H., Röder, C. H. et al. (2003). Abnormalities in emotion processing within cortical and subcortical regions in criminal psychopaths: Evidence from a functional magnetic imaging study using pictures with emotional content. Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging, 54, 152–162.
Muneoka, K., Ogawa, T., Kamei, K., Muraoka, S., Tomiyoshi, R., Mimura, Y., et al. (1997). Prenatal nicotine exposure affects the development of the central serotonergic system as well as the dopaminergic system in rat offspring. involvement of route of drug administrations. Brain Research and Developmental Brain Research, 102, 117–126.
Forensic Psychology Page 23