Hugh I, count of Troyes (i)
Hugh III, duke of Burgundy (i)
Hugh III, king of Cyprus, I of Jerusalem (i)
Hugh IV, count of St Pol (i), (ii)
Hugh IV, duke of Burgundy (i)
Hugh, count of Vermandois (i)
Hugh of Payns, Templar (i), (ii)
Hugh of Vaudemont, crusader (i), (ii)
Humbert of Romans, Order of Preachers, preaching expert (i)
Hume, David, philosopher and historian (i), (ii), (iii)
Humphrey IV of Toron (i), (ii)
Hundred Years’ War, the (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi)
Hunyadi, John, voivode of Transylvania, regent of Hungary (i), (ii), (iii)
Ibn Khaldun, historian (i)
Ibn Shaddad, Beha Al-Din, legist (i)
Idrisi, al-, geographer
Imad al-Din Isfahani, civil servant and biographer (i)
Inab, battle of 1149 (i)
Innocent III, pope (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii), (xix), (xx), (xxi), (xxii)
Quia maior (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)
Innocent IV, pope (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)
Innocent VIII, pope (i), (ii)
inter-faith cooperation (i), (ii), (iii)
interpreters (i), (ii), (iii)
Investiture Contest (i)
Isaac II Angelus, Byzantine emperor (i), (ii)
Isaac Comnenus, ruler of Cyprus (i)
Isabel I, queen of Jerusalem (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
Isabel II, queen of Jerusalem (i), (ii), (iii)
Isabella, queen of Castile (i), (ii)
Israel, state of (i), (ii)
Italy (i)
Jacob’s Ford, Frankish fort (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Jaffa, treaty of 1192 (i), (ii), (iii)
treaty of 1229 (i)
James I, king of Aragon (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
James of Molay, Master of the Temple (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
James of Vitry, his mitre (i)
Jerusalem (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii)
as defining objective (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii), (xix), (xx)
kingdom of (i) and passim
architecture in (i), (ii), (iii)
Christian divisions in (i)
Frankish conquest of (i)
law in (i), (ii), (iii)
society of (i)
tax of 1183 in (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)
Jeu de St Nicholas (i)
Jews and crusading (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix)
jihad (i)
Joan of Arc (i)
Joan, queen of Sicily (i), (ii)
John II Comnenus, Byzantine emperor (i), (ii)
John II, king of France (i)
John V Palaeologus, Byzantine emperor (i), (ii)
John VI Cantacuzene, Byzantine emperor (i), (ii)
John VIII, pope (i)
John XXII, pope (i), (ii)
John of Alluye, crusader with Chinese sword (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
John of Brienne, king of Jerusalem, emperor of Constantinople (i), (ii)
John of Capistrano, crusade leader (i), (ii), (iii)
John of Ibelin, ‘Old Lord’ of Beirut (i)
Joinville, John, lord of (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)
Joscelin II, count of Edessa (i)
Joscelin III, titular count of Edessa (i)
Joscius, archbishop of Tyre (i)
Julius II, pope (i), (ii)
Kalavun, sultan of Egypt (i)
Kamil, al-, sultan of Egypt (i), (ii)
Kerboga, atabeg of Mosul (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Khalil, al-Ashraf, sultan of Egypt (i)
Khwarazmian Turks (i), (ii), (iii)
knights (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Frankish, serving with Turks (i)
Königsberg (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)
Kossovo, battle of 1389 (i)
Las Navas de Tolosa, battle of 1212 (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
Lateran Councils
First (i), (ii)
Second (i)
Third (i), (ii)
Fourth (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)
Ad liberandam (i), (ii)
Fifth (i)
Leo IV, pope (i)
Leo IX, pope (i)
Leo X (i), (ii)
Lepanto, battle of 1571 (i), (ii), (iii)
celebrated poetically by James VI of Scotland (i)
Liberation Theology (i)
Lisbon, siege of 1147 (i), (ii), (iii)
Lithuania (i), (ii)
Livonia (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Louis I, count of Blois (i)
Louis II, duke of Bourbon (i)
Louis IV, king of Germany, emperor (i), (ii), (iii)
Louis VI, king of France (i)
Louis VII, king of France (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)
Louis VIII, king of France (i), (ii)
Louis IX, king of France (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv)
Louis X, king of France (i)
Louis XIV, king of France (i), (ii)
Louis, count of Clermont, I duke of Bourbon (i)
Lucius III, pope, Ad abolendam (i)
Ludolf of Tournai, crusader (i)
Lyons, Councils of
First (i), (ii)
Second (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Ma’arrat al-Numan (i), (ii), (iii)
madrasa, Muslim school (i), (ii)
Maimonides, Moses ben Maimon, scholar and polymath (i)
Malik Shah, Seljuk sultan (i), (ii), (iii)
Malta (i), (ii), (iii)
Mamluks of Egypt (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii)
treaty with Cyprus 1370 (i), (ii)
Manfred, king of Sicily (i), (ii)
Mansourah, battle of 1250 (i)
Mansur, al-, Iberian ruler (i), (ii)
Manuel I Comnenus, Byzantine emperor (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
Manuel II, Byzantine emperor (i)
Manzikert, battle of (i)
maps and mapping (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)
Margaret of Beverley (i)
Margaret of Provence, queen of France (i), (ii)
Margat, castle (i)
Maria Comnena, queen of Jerusalem (i)
Marienburg (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Marinid, rulers of Morocco (i)
Markward of Anweiler (i), (ii)
Maronite church, Lebanon (i)
Marshal, William (i), (ii)
Martin V, pope (i), (ii)
Martin, abbot of Pairis (i), (ii)
Mary of Montferrat, queen of Jerusalem (i), (ii), (iii)
Mary, Virgin, cult of (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)
Matthew Paris, chronicler (i), (ii)
Mawdud, atabeg of Mosul (i)
Mehmed I, Ottoman sultan (i)
Mehmed II, Ottoman sultan (i), (ii), (iii)
Meinhard, missionary bishop (i), (ii)
Melisende, queen of Jerusalem (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)
Melisende Psalter (i), (ii)
Mézières, Philippe de (i), (ii), (iii)
Michael IV, Byzantine emperor (i)
Michael VIII Palaeologus, Byzantine emperor (i), (ii)
Michaud, Joseph-François, writer (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Michiel, Domenico, doge of Venice (i)
military equipment (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii)
Military Orders (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)
Iberian (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Mongols (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii)
Montferrat, marquises of, family (i), (ii), (iii)
M
ontgisard, battle of 1177 (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Montségur, Cathar stronghold (i)
Morphia, wife of Baldwin II of Jerusalem (i)
Mount Cadmus, battle of 1148 (i), (ii)
Muireadhach Albanach Ó Dálaigh, poet (i)
Murad II, Ottoman sultan (i), (ii), (iii)
Muret, battle of 1213 (i)
Mutansir, al-, Egyptian caliph (i)
Myriokephalon, battle of 1176 (i)
Nablus (i)
council of 1120 (i), (ii)
Napoleon Bonaparte (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
Naser-e Khosraw, Iranian savant (i)
Nasim al-Mulk, Baghdad vizier (i), (ii)
Nazareth, Church of the Annunciation at (i), (ii), (iii)
Nicaea (i), (ii), (iii)
Nice, Franco-Turkish siege of 1545 (i)
Nicholas IV, pope (i), (ii)
Nicholas V, pope (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
Nicopolis, battle of 1396 (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
Niklot, Wendish ruler (i), (ii)
Normans of southern Italy and Sicily (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii)
Nur al-Din, ruler of Aleppo and Damascus (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)
minbar of (i)
Odo I, duke of Burgundy (i)
Odo of Deuil, monk and writer (i)
Oliver of Paderborn, scholar, preacher, writer, ecclesiastic (i)
Origen, writer (i)
Orkhan, Ottoman sultan (i), (ii)
Otranto, occupied by Turks 1480–1 (i)
Otto I, king of Germany, emperor (i)
Otto III, king of Germany, emperor (i)
Ottoman Turks (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix)
Outremer (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v) and passim
changing perceptions of (i)
conquest of by Saladin (i)
demography of (i), (ii)
Frankish settlement in (i), (ii)
plans for recovery of (i), (ii), (iii)
Pamiers, statute of, 1212 (i)
Paris, treaty of 1229 (i)
Paschal II, pope (i), (ii)
Pelagius (Pelagio Galvani), cardinal (i)
Perault, Raymond, cardinal (i)
Peter I, king of Aragon (i)
Peter I, king of Cyprus (i), (ii), (iii)
Peter II, king of Aragon (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Peter of Capuano, papal legate (i)
Peter, count of Brittany (i)
Peter Bartholomew, visionary (i)
Peter the Hermit (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)
Peter the Venerable, abbot of Cluny (i), (ii)
Pheasant, Feast and Vow of the (i), (ii), (iii)
Philip I, king of France (i), (ii)
Philip II, king of France (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii)
Philip II, king of Spain (i), (ii)
Philip III, king of France (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Philip IV, king of France (i), (ii)
Philip VI, king of France (i), (ii), (iii)
Philip of Alsace, count of Flanders (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
Philip, duke of Swabia, claimant king of Germany (i), (ii)
Philip the Good, duke of Burgundy (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Piacenza, council of (i), (ii)
Pilgrimage of Grace, the (i), (ii), (iii)
pilgrims/pilgrimage (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii)
pirates (i)
Pisa, Pisans (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix)
Pius II, pope (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
Pius V, pope (i)
Poland (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Prawer, Joshua, historian (i)
Prussia/Prussians (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)
Qal’at Sanjil (Mount Pilgrim), castle (i), (ii)
Radulph, anti-semitic Cistercian rabble-rouser (i), (ii)
Raimbold Creton, crusader (i)
Raymond II, count of Tripoli (i)
Raymond III, count of Tripoli (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Raymond IV, count of Toulouse (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii)
Arabic poem on (i)
Raymond VI, count of Toulouse (i)
Raymond VII, count of Toulouse (i)
Raymond of Poitiers, prince of Antioch (i), (ii), (iii)
Raynald of Châtillon, prince of Antioch, lord of Transjordan (i), (ii), (iii)
reconquista, Spanish idea of (i)
Reynald, lord of Sidon (i), (ii)
Rhodes (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)
siege of 1480 (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Richard I, king of England (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii)
Richard, earl of Cornwall (i), (ii)
Ridwan of Aleppo (i), (ii)
Riga (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
Robert I, count of Flanders (i), (ii)
Robert II, count of Flanders (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
Robert II, duke of Normandy (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
Robert Guiscard, count of Apulia and Calabria (i)
Robertson, William, Scottish savant (i), (ii)
Roger I, count of Sicily (i)
Roger of Howden, civil servant and chronicler, his geographic writing (i)
Roger of Salerno, prince of Antioch (i), (ii)
Roland, Song of (i), (ii), (iii)
Roman de Renart (i)
Romanus IV Diogenes, Byzantine emperor (i)
Roussel of Balleul, Norman adventurer (i)
Rum, sultanate of (i)
Runciman, Steven, writer (i)
Rutebeuf, French poet (i)
St Denis, abbey of (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)
St Edmund, king of East Anglia, fresco of at Damietta (i)
St Isidore (i), (ii)
relics of (i)
St James the Apostle (i), (ii)
Sagrajas, battle of 1086 (i)
Saidnaya, shrine of Virgin Mary at (i)
Saladin, sultan of Egypt and Syria (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), (xvii), (xviii), (xix)
contemporary deaths very convenient for (i)
Saladin Tithe (i), (ii)
Salado, River, battle of 1340 (i)
Salih, al-, sultan of Egypt (i), (ii)
Sancho IV, king of Navarre (i)
Sancho VII, king of Navarre (i)
Sanudo, Marino Torsello, Venetian lobbyist (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)
Scanderbeg, George Castrioti, Albanian leader (i)
Schism, the Great papal (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
Scott, Walter (i), (ii), (iii)
Sebastian, king of Portugal (i)
Selim I, the Grim, Ottoman sultan (i)
Seljuk Turks (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
Seville (i), (ii), (iii)
Shajar al-Durr, sultana of Egypt (i), (ii), (iii)
Shirkuh, Kurdish general (i), (ii)
Sicilian Vespers (i), (ii), (iii)
sieges (i)
Sigismund, king of Hungary, emperor (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Sigurd, king of Norway (i), (ii), (iii)
silk (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)
Simeon, patriarch of Jerusalem (i), (ii)
Simon V, count of Montfort (i)
Simon of Montfort, earl of Leicester (i)
Sixtus IV, pope (i), (ii), (iii)
Sixtus V, pope (i)
slaves (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)
Smith, Adam, Scottish savant (i)
Springs of Cresson, battle at 1187 (i)
Stephen I, count of Burgundy (i)
Stephen II, count of Blois (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Stephen III, voivode of Moldavia (i)
Sulami, ‘Ali ibn Tahir al-, religious scholar (i), (ii)
Suleiman I the Magnificent, Ottom
an sultan (i), (ii)
Suleiman ibn Kutukmush, sultan of Konya (i)
Sverre, king of Norway (i)
Swordbrothers of Livonia, Order of (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
Sybel, Heinrich von, historian (i)
Sybil, countess of Flanders (i)
Sybil, queen of Jerusalem (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi)
Syria (i)
Tancred, king of Sicily (i), (ii)
Tancred of Lecce, prince of Antioch (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii)
Tannenberg/Grunwald, battle of 1410 (i)
Tarragona (i), (ii)
Tasso, Torquato, Gerusalemme Liberata (i), (ii)
Tatikios, Byzantine commander (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
tattoos (i)
Templars, Order of the Temple of Solomon (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi)
al-Aqsa mosque as headquarters (i), (ii), (iii)
trial of (i), (ii), (iii)
Teutonic Knights (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi)
Reisen with (i)
Theobald III, count of Champagne (i), (ii), (iii)
Theobald IV, count of Champagne (i)
Theodore of Treiden, Cistercian entrepreneur (i)
Thessalonika, capture of by Sicilian Normans 1185 (i)
Thierry of Alsace, count of Flanders (i)
Timur the Lame (i)
Toledo (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
Tordesillas, treaty of 1494 (i), (ii)
Tortosa, Lebanon (i)
icon of Virgin Mary at (i)
Tortosa, Catalonia (i), (ii), (iii)
trade links (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
Trent, Council of (i), (ii)
Tripoli, county of (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
fall of 1289 (i)
Tughril Beg, Seljuk sultan (i)
Tughtakin of Damascus (i)
Turan Shah, al-Mu’azzam, sultan of Egypt (i)
Turcopoles (i), (ii)
Turks (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
naval leagues against (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
Tutush, Seljuk leader (i)
Tyre (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii)
Umayyads, Iberian caliphate (i), (ii)
union of Latin and Greek churches (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v)
Urban II (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xii), (xiii)
Urban IV, pope (i), (ii)
Urban V, pope (i), (ii)
Urban VI, pope (i)
Usamah ibn Munqidh of Shayzar (i)
Valdemar I, king of Denmark (i), (ii), (iii)
Valdemar II, king of Denmark (i), (ii), (iii)
Valdes, Peter, heresiarch (i)
Varangian Guard (i), (ii), (iii)
Vatican, Second Council of (i)
The World of the Crusades Page 58