My wife, Ritu Singh and my children, J. Mehr Kaur and Amandeep Singh have been my biggest cheerleaders and have been very supportive through my journey as a writer. Finally, I must thank my editor at Westland Books, Karthik Venkatesh, who embraced this project wholeheartedly and worked painstakingly with me to help make this work accessible to a broad audience.
REFERENCES
THE CAMEL MERCHANT OF PHILADELPHIA
1. Jefferson Davis was later to gain notoriety during the American Civil War (1861-65) as the first and only President of the short-lived Confederate States of America.
2. The Purchase and Importation of Camels by the United States Government, 1855-1857, Lewis B. Lesley, The Southwestern Historical Quarterly Vol. 33, No. 1 (July 1929) https://www.jstor.org/stable/30237206?read-now=1&seq=2#page_scan_tab_contents
3. Rolph, Dr. Daniel, The Life and Times of an Adventurous Quaker https://hsp.org/blogs/history-hits/the-life-and-times-of-an-adventurous-quaker
4. Elphinstone, Mountstuart, An Account of the Kingdom of Caubul, and its dependencies in Persia, Tartary and India, comprising a View of the Afghaun Nation and history of the Dooraunee Monarchy, London, 1815
5. Travels and Adventures of the Rev. Joseph Wolff, D.D., LL.D., Vicar of Ile Brewers, Near Taunton, and Late Missionary to the Jews and Muhammadans in Persia, Bokhara, Cashmeer, Etc, 1860
6. The ten lost tribes were the ten of the Twelve Tribes of Israel that were said to have been deported from the Kingdom of Israel after its conquest by the Neo-Assyrian Empire circa 722 BCE. Claims of descent from the ‘lost’ tribes have been proposed in relation to many groups and many claims have been made as to who these lost tribes are. Even in the present-day, scholars continue to attempt to solve this historical mystery.
7. Kashmiri, Mohan Lal, Travels in the Panjab, Afghanistan, Turkistan, to Balk, Bokhara, and Herat; and a visit to Great Britain and Germany, London, 1846
8. McGregor, W.L, The history of the Sikhs; containing the lives of the Gooroos; the history of the independent Sirdars, or Missuls, and the life of the great founder of the Sikh monarchy, Maharajah Runjeet Singh, London, 1846
9. Lowry, Thomas Power Tarnished Eagles: The Courts-martial of Fifty Union Colonels and Lieutenant Colonels, Stackpole Books, 1997
10. Ibid.
11. Rudyard Kipling’s novella, The Man Who Would be King published in 1888, takes some inspiration from Harlan’s adventures in Afghanistan and was made into a popular film in 1975 starring Sean Connery, Michael Caine, Christopher Plummer and Saeed Jaffrey and directed by John Huston.
GAME OF THRONES: THE AFGHANS AND THE SIKHS
12. Marshman, John Clark, History of India, Volume I, London, 1871
13. The book Warrior Saints by Amandeep Singh Madra and Parmjit Singh attributes the above quote to John Malcom in his Sketch of The Sikhs, but I was unable to find it in the book. It is unclear where this is from.
14. Caroe, Sir Olaf, The Pathans, London, 1958
15. Ibid.
16. Sykes, Brigadier General Sir Percy, History of Afghanistan, London, 1940
17. Khan, Mir Munshi Sultan Mahomed (Edited by), The Life of Abdur Rahman, Amir of Afghanistan, London, 1900
18. Sykes (1940)
19. Ibid.
20. Cunningham, J.D., History of The Sikhs, London, 1849
21. Ibid.
22. Grewal, J.S and Habib, Irfan (Editors), Sikh History From Persian Sources, Tulika Books, New Delhi, 2001
THE RISE OF THE SUKERCHAKIAS
23. Forster, George, Journey from Bengal to England, London, 1808
24. Elphinstone (1815)
25. Dalrymple, William, Return of a King, Bloomsbury, 2013
26. Ibid.
27. Suri, Sohan Lal, Umdat Ut-Twarikh, Daftar Volume II, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 2002
THE TIMELESS WARRIOR
28. Thompson, Edward, A Born Ruler: The Life of Charles, Lord Metcalfe, London, 1937
29. Kohli, Sita Ram, Maharaja Ranjit Singh, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 2002
30. Smyth, Major G. Carmichael, A History of the Reigning Family of Lahore: With Some Account of the Jummoo Rajahs, the Seik Soldiers and their Sirdars, Calcutta, 1847
31. Griffin, Sir Lepel Henry, The Rajas of the Punjab: Being the History of the Principal States in the Punjab and Their Political Relations with the British Government, London, 1873
32. Waheeduddin, Fakir Syed, The Real Ranjit Singh, Punjabi University, Patiala, 1984
33. Sohan Lal Suri (2002)
34. Sita Ram Kohli (2002)
THE DANCING GIRL OF LAHORE
35. Fakir Syed Waheeduddin (1984)
36. Gupta, Hari Ram, History of The Sikhs, Volume 5, Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers, 1991
37. J.D. Cunningham (1849)
38. Singh, Surinder, Sikh Coinage: Symbol of Sikh Sovereignty, Manohar Publishers, 2010
39. Sohan Lal Suri (2002)
40. Mohan Lal Kashmiri (1846)
41. Hugel, Baron Charles, Travels in Kashmir and the Punjab (a.d.1835- 36), Asian Educational Services, New Delhi, 1995
42. Osborne, W.G., The Court and Camp of Ranjit Singh, Rupa Publications (Reprint), 2002
43. Griffin, Sir Lepel Henry, Rulers of India: Ranjit Singh, London, 1892
44. Fakir Syed Waheeduddin (1984)
45. Honigberger, Dr. John Martin, Thirty Five Years in the East, London, 1852
46. Mosque of Moraan Tawaif—built by the beloved wife of Maharaja Ranjeet Singh, Tania Qureshi, Daily Times, June 10, 2018, https://dailytimes.com.pk/251361/mosque-of-moraan-tawaif-built-by-the-beloved-wife-of-maharaja-ranjeet-singh/
‘LAHURE’
47. https://ramkshrestha.wordpress.com/2010/12/13/lahure-culture-is-threatening-nepal%E2%80%99s-sovereignty/, December 13, 2010
48. The name ‘Gurkha’ comes from the hill town of Gorkha from which the Nepalese kingdom had expanded.
49. A forgotten history, The Kathmandu Post, 21 September 2010
FROM WATERLOO TO LAHORE
50. Dragoons originally were a class of mounted infantry, who used horses for mobility, but dismounted to fight on foot. From the early eighteenth century onwards, dragoons were increasingly employed as conventional light or medium cavalry, trained for combat with swords from horseback.
THE RISE OF THE DOGRAS
51. Pearse, Hugh, Soldier and Traveller; memoirs of Alexander Gardner, Colonel of Artillery in the service of Maharaja Ranjit Singh, London, 1898
52. Ali, Shahamat, The Sikhs and Afghans, in connexion with the India and Persia, immediately before and after the death of Ranjeet Singh: from the journal of an expedition to Kabul through the Panjab and the Khaibar Pass, London, 1847
53. Prinsep, Henry Thoby, History of the Punjab, and of the Rise, Progress & Present Condition of the Sect and Nation of the Sikhs, London, 1846
54. Carmichael Smyth (1847)
55. W.G. Osborne (2002)
A WOMAN OF SUBSTANCE
56. Malcolm, Lieutenant Colonel, Sketch of the Sikhs; a singular nation, who inhabit the provinces of the Penjab, situated between the rivers Jumna and Indus, London, 1812
57. Latif, Muhammad, History of the Panjab, Calcutta, 1891
58. Baron Charles Hugel (1995)
59. Muhammad Latif (1891)
60. Singh, Khushwant, History of The Sikhs, Volume 1 (1469-1839), Oxford University Press, 2004
61. Ibid.
62. Khushwant Singh, Vol. I (2004)
63. J. D. Cunningham (1849)
64. Kaye, John William, Life and Correspondence of Charles Metcalfe, Volume 1, London 1854
65. Singh, Bhagat, The Kanhaiya Misal:Its Rise and Fall
MURDER MOST FOUL: THE TRAGEDY OF SHER SINGH, PRINCE OF LAHORE
66. Muhammad Latif (1891)
67. Fane, Henry Edward, Five Years in India, Volume 1, London, 1842
68. W.G. Osborne (2002)
69. Sohan Lal Suri (2002)
70. Hugh Pearse (2002)
71. Muhammad Latif (1891)
> 72. Carmichael Smyth (1847)
THE DECLINE AND FALL OF THE SIKH EMPIRE
73. Sohan Lal Suri (2002)
74. McGregor (1846)
75. Carmichael Smyth (1847)
76. Steinbach, Colonel, The Punjaub; being a brief account of the country of the Sikhs, London, 1846
77. Singh, Khushwant, History of The Sikhs, Volume 2 (1839-2004), Oxford University Press, 2004
78. Hugh Pearse (2002)
79. Khushwant Singh, Vol. II (2004)
80. Hugh Pearse (2002)
81. Singh, Garda (edited), Private Correspondence relating to the Anglo Sikh Wars, 1955
82. J.D. Cunningham (1849)
83. Khushwant Singh (2004)
84. Hugh Pearse (2002)
85. Cust, Needham Robert, Linguistic and Oriental Essays, London, 1880
86. Carmichael Smyth (1847)
87. Grant, Sir James Hope, Life of General Sir Hope Grant, London, 1894
88. Robert Neeedham Cust (1880)
89. Khushwant Singh (2004)
90. J.D. Cunningham (1849)
91. Rait, Robert Sangster, The life and campaigns of Viscount Gough Volume 2, London, 1908
92. Baird, J.G.A (Editor), Private Letters of the Marquess of Dalhousie, London, 1910
93. Thackwell, Edward Joseph, Narrative of the Second Seikh War, London, 1851
94. Ibid.
95. Sandford, Daniel Augustus, Leaves from the journal of a subaltern, London, 1849
96. Edward Joseph Thackwell (1851)
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