by Nigel West
DRAMATIS PERSONAE
José Aladren
Spanish journalist and FBI double agent code-named ASPIRIN
ALMURA
GARBO’s (notional) radio operator in London
Helmut Arntz
Adjutant to General Praun
Brian Atkinson
DSO Malta
Fritz Bayerlein
Commander, Panzer Lehr Division
Elyesa Bazna
Code-named CICERO; valet to the British ambassador in Ankara
Herbert J. Bechtold
Abwehr NCO in Paris, code-named JIGGER
BEN
(Notional) Greek deserter seaman living in Methil
Kenneth Benton
SIS Section V officer in Madrid
BERTIN
Unidentified Abwehr stay-behind agent
John Bevan
Head of the London Controlling Section
Wolfgang Blaum
Alias Friedrich Baumann, head of Abt. II in Madrid until February 1945
Frano de Bona
TRICYCLE’s radio operator, code-named FREAK by MI5, accredited as the Yugoslav military attaché
Juan Brandes
Suspected Abwehr fabricator in Lisbon
Augusto Calvo
Son of WITCH, younger brother of COCK, Abt. II saboteur and member of the CRAZY GANG
Carlos Calvo
BRIE, older son of WITCH. Former Spanish army officer, Abt. II saboteur and deputy head of the CRAZY GANG.
Joachim Canaris
I-H officer in Madrid KO
Wilhelm Canaris
Chief of the Abwehr until February 1944
Francisco Cano
Spanish saboteur identified by JOE. Cano denounced Gonzalez and Mateos
Alberto Carbe
Abwehr II officer at the Villa Leon, Algeciras
CASTOR
US Army sergeant and GARBO’s unconscious source
Bill Cavendish-Bentinck
Chairman, Joint Intelligence Committee
CHARLES
Abwehr agent Jean Senouque in Cherbourg
CHOPIN
BRUTUS’s (notional) wireless operator
Antonia Choxas
Code-name WITCH, double agent in Gibraltar, mother of the Calvo brothers
Ramon Correa
A double agent employed as a dockyard labourer, Falange saboteur COCK who sank the Erin in January 1942 with Fermin Mateos, elder brother of BULL. PEG’s deputy and suspected triple agent
Ernesto Cozas
(Notional) saboteur invented by Alfonso Olmo and impersonated by OGG
Fritz Cramer
Abwehr IIIF in Lisbon
Hans Cramer
Afrika Korps general and repatriated PoW
CRAZY GANG
Spanish saboteurs working for Abt. II, headed by Plazas and BRIE
Luis Cordón Cuenca
Spanish saboteur arrested in Gibraltar in August 1943
DICK
GARBO’s (notional) sub-agent 7(4), and Indian nationalist in Brighton
Juan Dodero
Suspected Falange saboteur excluded from Gibraltar after he was denounced by COCK. He died in 1944
Alfredo Dominguez
Falange saboteur and Gibraltar dockyard labourer
DONNY
GARBO’s sub-agent 7(2) in Dover, named David
DORICK
GARBO’s sub-agent 7(7) in Harwich
Carl Eitel
Abwehr officer in Lisbon code-named SPEARHEAD
Edward Ejsymont
A Polish Air Force cadet code-named CARELESS by the British and KORAP by the Germans
F.1
Double agent in Gibraltar, brother of F.2
F.2
Double agent in Gibraltar, brother of F.1
FRANCISCO
German Abt II officer in Madrid in 1942
FROG
Unemployed Spaniard in La Linea recruited as a saboteur by COCK. An occasional fruit vendor, elder brother of BULL and member of the CRAZY GANG.
FRUITIES
Double agent network consisting of F, F.1 and F.2
Paul Fidrmuc
Abwehr source code-named OSTRO
Frank Foley
SIS officer
Jean Frutos
Double agent in Cherbourg code-named DRAGOMAN by the British and EIKEL by the Germans
Alfred Gabas
French naval officer and double agent in Cherbourg code-named DESIRE
Roman Garby-Czerniawski
Abwehr V-Mann 372. Code-named BRUTUS by MI5
Friedle Gärtner
Abwehr agent code-named GELATINE by MI5
Walter Gaul
Kriegsmarine liaison officer attached to the Luftwaffe
Alfred Gensorowsky
Head of Abwehr III in San Sebastian
William Gerbers
GARBO’s (notional) Agent 2, died on 19 November 1942 in Bootle
Angel Gauceda Sarasota
A double agent recruited for the Germans by BRIE. A Basque, employed as a lorry-driver in the Gibraltar dockyard, code-named CARELESS by the British and NAG by the Germans
GON
A chemist working as a British double agent in Gibraltar
Paciano Gonzalez
Spanish saboteur denounced by Cano. Former army officer arrested in Spain in July 1944.
Anthony Gordon-Bright
Head of the MoI’s Spanish Section, code-named AMEROS, GARBO’s (notional) unconscious sub-agent
Hermann Göritz
Head of Abwehr Barcelona 1944–45
Willi Hamburger
Abwehr defector in Turkey
Leonard Hamilton Stokes
SIS station commander in Madrid
Tomás Harris
Head of MI5’s B1(g)
Roger Hesketh
Ops (B) deception planner
Jack Ivens
SIS Section V officer in Madrid
Ralph Jarvis
SIS station commander in Lisbon
Johann Jebsen
Abwehr officer code-named ARTIST by SIS
JOE
Double agent in Gibraltar
Otto Kamler
Abt. I officer in Madrid, then Lisbon, alias of Otto Kurrer
Cornelia Kapp
SD defector in Ankara
KEEL
SD double agent in France
Rudolph Kellerman
Head of Abwehr Barcelona 1943–44
José Estella Key
Codenamed RATS by MI5
Philip Kirby Green
Deputy Defence Security Officer, Gibraltar
Friedrich Knappe-Ratey
Abt. I officer in Madrid, code-named FEDERICO
Bertie Koepke
I-H officer in Barcelona
Rolf Kolding
Head of Abwehr Barcelona 1942–43
Walter Kopp
Signals Chief, OB West
KORAP
Abwehr code name for Edward Ejsymont
Ludwig Kramer von Auenrode
Chief of Madrid KO, alias von Karstoff, code-named LUDOVICO
Friedrich-Adolf Krummacher
OKW intelligence chief
L
Elderly Spanish fisherman and DSO informant arrested in La Linea in March 1944
George Lang
Abt I officer in Madrid, code-named EMILIO
Adolf Langenheim
German consul in Tetuan
André Latham
Abwehr agent, code-named GILBERT
Johnny Leden
Notional USAAF mechanic, run by JEEP
Renato Levi
Code-named CHEESE by MI5; ROBERTO and V-Mann 7501 by the Abwehr
Guy Liddell
Director, MI5’s B Division
Peter Lloyd
SIS Section V officer
LOTHAR
Unidentified Abwehr stay-behind agent
Maria Marek
Croat code-named THE SNARK by MI5
&nbs
p; John Marriott
MI5 officer
José Martin Muñoz
Spanish saboteur arrested in Gibraltar in August 1943 having been identified by NAG, code-named PITUS
J.C. Masterman
Chairman, XX Committee
Fermin Mateos
Spanish dockyard labourer and saboteur denounced by Dodero and by Cano, and excluded from Gibraltar. He sank the Erie with Ramon Correa
H.G. (‘Tito’) Medlam
DSO, Gibraltar
Alfred Meiler
Alias Alfred Kohler, code-named PAT J by the FBI
Wolfgang Menem
Abwehr II contact of SUNDAE
Cyril Mills
MI5’s liaison officer in Canada.
MIRA
Abwehr code name for Fermin Mateos
General Frederick Morgan
Chief of Staff to the Supreme Allied Commander
Brian Morrison
SIS Gibraltar
Ludwig Moyzisch
SD representative in Ankara
OGG
Spanish double agent in La Linea, employed in the dockyard as an electrician, who posed as Ernesto Cozas
Alfonso Olmo
Bus driver and Spanish saboteur excluded from Gibraltar in October 1942
Osamu Otani
Japanese military attaché in Berlin
Aelred O’Shagar
SIS Section V officer, Gibraltar
Manoel Marques Pacheco
Portuguese Abt. I agent based in Tangier and then La Linea
Franz von Papen
German ambassador in Ankara
Marcelino Pardo
Spanish Falangist in Seville
Miguel Parra
Falange saboteur
PAT
Saboteur trained by Baumann in Seville in 1942
Gottfried Paul-Taboschat
Head of Nest Barcelona, code-named PABLO
PAULUS
Abwehr code name for Paciano Gonzalez
Kim Philby
SIS Section V officer
Emilio Plazas
Head of a Falange sabotage organisation directed against Gibraltar, code-named PEG
Manuel Pontalia Carrasco
Spanish saboteur excluded from Gibraltar
Dusan Popov
Code-named TRICYCLE by MI5, IVAN by the Abwehr and SCOUT by SIS
Ivo Popov
Code-named DREADNOUGHT by MI5
Albert Praun
OKW’s Chief Signals Officer
PRIMO
Italian double agent in Naples
Juan Pujol
V-Mann 319, code-named GARBO by MI5; IMMORTAL and BOVRIL by SIS; ALARIC by the Abwehr
QUEEN OF HEARTS
Polish double agent in Gibraltar who penetrated the CRAZY GANG. She recruited Carlos Calvo and NAG for the Germans and was married to Manuel Romero
Calixto Rodriguez
Alias Don Carlos Lunez, head of German sabotage organisation, code-named READY
Sir Edward Reed
MI5 officer
Edward de Renzy-Martin
SIS station commander in Madrid
Ib Riis
MI5 double agent in Iceland code-named COBWEB
T.A. Robertson
Head of MI5’s B1(a) section
Alexis von Roenne
FHW analyst
Manuel Romero
German agent run by Carlos Calvo. Husband of QUEEN OF HEARTS; harbourmaster at Puente Mayorga.
Erwin Rommel
Commander, Army Group B
Colonel Sanchez Rubio
Spanish military intelligence officer code-named BURMA, also working for Abwehr II, paymaster for PEG in Algeciras
Gerd von Rundstedt
Commander-in-Chief, Armies West
Hans Ruser
Abwehr defector code-named JUNIOR by SIS
Charles de Salis
SIS Section V officer in Lisbon
Andres Santos
Suspected saboteur
SAP
British agent in the Gibraltar dockyard
Theodor Schade
Head of I-TLw at Madrid
Walter Schellenberg
Head of the SD’s Amt VI
David Scherr
Assistant DSO, Gibraltar
Percy Schramm
OB West’s War Diarist and official historian
SCHOOLMASTER
SIS agent in La Linea
Werner Schulz
Head of Abt. I in Madrid from February 1945
Enrique Schumer
Abwehr II contact of SUNDAE
Jean Senouque
Abwehr agent code-named CHARLES and SKULL
Natalie Sergueiev
Code-named TRAMP by the Abwehr and TREASURE by MI5
Manoel Serna
Member of the PAL sabotage network arrested in Gibraltar in June 1943
SKULL
Jean Senouque, French double agent
José Solis
Falange saboteur
Eugn Sostaric
Code-named METEOR by MI5
Hans Speidel
Rommel’s Chief-of-Staff
David Strangeways
SHAEF Ops (B) deception planner
STEM
Double agent in Gibraltar and elder brother of Fermin Mateos
STUFF
Agent inside the Plazas sabotage network
SUNDAE
Lieutenant Juan José Dominguez, double agent in Gibraltar, executed in Spain in September 1942
T-8
Spanish pilot and agent in Gibraltar
T-19
Spanish barman in La Linea and penetration of the CRAZY GANG
T-20
Clerk in Gibraltar’s Manpower Office
T-24
Spanish agent close to Colonel Sanchez Rubio
T-31
Spanish Communist, ex-Republican Army officer and Q.1’s nephew. Arrested in Spain in March 1944
T-45
Communist Spanish waiter at the Café Anglo in La Linea
T-48
Spanish secret police agent in La Linea
T-52
SIS agent, cousin of SCHOOLMASTER. Secretary in the DGS office in La Linea
T-63
Clerk in Gibraltar’s Manpower Office
T-66
Agent in the Malaga Secret Police, formerly in La Linea
Dorothy Thompson
GARBO’s (notional) mistress, code-named AMY, a secretary in the Cabinet Office
David Thomson
Assistant DSO Gibraltar
Peter Tomsen
Double agent in Iceland code-named BEETLE
TREE
Member of the PEG organisation
U.10
Spanish Communist refugee in Gibraltar and double agent
General José Ungría
Former SIM chief working for Abwehr II
Erich Vermehren
Abwehr defector in Istanbul, code-named PRECIOUS
Josef Waber
Abwehr II officer based in Madrid code-named JOSE
Noel Wild
SHAEF Ops (B) deception planner
Bill Williams
Chief Intelligence Officer, 21st Army Group
Harry Williamson
Code-named TATE by MI5; V-Mann 3725 by the Abwehr
Ian Wilson
MI5 B1(a) case officer
Francisco Zimmermann
German schoolmaster in Cartagena
1
OVERLORD
‘The whole project was majestic.’
Winston Churchill, Closing the Ring.
German Intelligence, in the form of Amt VI, the foreign intelligence branch of the Sicherheitsdienst, first learned of the code name OVERLORD when Elyesa Bazna, valet of the hapless British ambassador in Ankara, Sir Hughe Knatchbull-Hugessen, photographed the content of his employer’s document box and sold the resulting rolls of film to the local SD representative, Ludwig Moyzisch, on several occasions between
26 October 1943 and late February 1944. The source was considered so sensitive that Moyzisch handled CICERO (Bazna) personally, and did not initially consult his immediate superior, Paul Leverkühn, who was based in Istanbul.1