173. HITCHENS, THOMAS JEFFERSON 62. See Chapter Two of my Individual Views at pages 78, 116.
174. HITCHENS, THOMAS JEFFERSON 62 (emphasis added).
175. Their son Isaac, a Monticello blacksmith whose statement forms the basis for the book Memoirs of a Monticello Slave, asserted that was a result of extraordinary services rendered Governor Jefferson when he had to flee Richmond to evade the oncoming British, and Jefferson’s records of his “taxable property” for the following year records “129 slaves, 2 free.” See Chapter Two at p. 81.
176. John Hemings was Sally’s brother, and Joe Fossett and Burwell Colbert were the sons of Sally’s sisters Mary and Bett. See Chapter Two at pp. 142–46.
177. HITCHENS, THOMAS JEFFERSON 64.
178. Jefferson to James Maurice, Sept. 16, 1789, in 15 PAPERS OF THOMAS JEFFERSON 433 (1958). This letter is discussed in Chapter Six of my Individual Views at p. 149.
179. By this I mean I am unaware of any independent historical source for such speculation other than the Pike County Republican article. Callender argued in September 1802 that Jefferson’s alleged son “Tom” was “ten or twelve years of age,” but he did not specifically allege Sally was pregnant in Paris.
180. See Chapter Five of my Individual Views at pp. 126–27. In reality, “nine months” is but a rough approximation of the human gestation period, which is usually closer to 266 days. Jefferson’s records reveal that Beverly was born on April 1, 1798. Sally’s most likely conception date for Beverly would thus have been July 9 of the previous year. The four-week conception window would have begun about June 25, 1797, and Jefferson’s records clearly establish that he did not return to Monticello unti July 11. Thus, for more than sixteen of Sally’s twenty-eight-day conception window (roughly three-fifths), Thomas Jefferson was not present at Monticello.
181. See Chapter Four of my Individual Views, at 87.
182. HITCHENS, THOMAS JEFFERSON 65–66.
183. Id. at 64–65.
184. JEFFERSON, NOTES ON THE STATE OF VIRGINIA, in 2 WRITINGS OF THOMAS JEFFERSON 200–01 (Mem. ed. 1903).
185. Jefferson to Rutledge, July 14, 1787, in 6 WRITINGS OF THOMAS JEFFERSON 173 (Mem. ed. 1903); Jefferson to Benjamin Banneker, Aug. 30, 1791. 22 id. 97–98. See also, MILLER, WOLF BY THE EARS at 76.
186. JEFFERSON, NOTES ON THE STATE OF VIRGINIA, reprinted in 2 WRITINGS OF THOMAS JEFFERSON 194–95, 208.
187. Joseph J. Ellis, Jefferson: Post-DNA, 57 WILLIAM & MARY QUARTERLY 129–30 (Jan. 2000).
188. Professor Mayer’s views appear on pages 285–307.
189. ELLIS, AMERICAN SPHINX 20–21.
190. Santos, Scholars Accept DNA Tests, RICHMOND TIMES-DISPATCH, Mar. 7, 1993 at C1.
191. Id. at 22.
192. Id. at 22–23.
193. Id. at 23.
194. White McKenzie Wallenborn, A Committee Insider’s Viewpoint, in THE JEFFERSON-HEMINGS MYTH 62 (Eyler Robert Coates, Sr., ed. 2001).
195. Peter Onuf Interview with Ken Burns, available at http://www.pbs.org/jefferson/archives/
interviews/Onuf.htm.
196. Gordon S. Wood, The Ghosts of Monticello, in SALLY HEMINGS AND THOMAS JEFFERSON 19, 29 (Jan Ellen Lewis & Peter S. Onuf, eds. 1999).
197. John Ferling, Sage and Sinner, WASH. POST. Mar. 4, 2001, Book World 06.
198. Carlos Santos, Scholars Accept DNA Tests: Jefferson-Hemings Story Echoes in Race Relations Today, They Say, RICHMOND TIMES-DISPATCH, Mar. 7, 1999 at C1.
199. John Ferling, Sage and Sinner, WASH. POST. Mar. 4, 2001, Book World 06.
200. Stephen Kinzer, Mount Vernon, Alarmed by Fading Knowledge, Seeks to Pep Up Washington’s Image, N.Y. TIMES, July 29, 2002 at E1.
201. Sean Wilentz, The Details of Greatness: American Historians Versus American Founders, THE NEW REPUBLIC, Mar. 29, 2004, at 27, 29.
202. In addition to studying Leninism and its implementation in Indochina in preparation for my undergraduate honors thesis in the mid-1960s, and studying North Vietnam and its front organization in South Vietnam while an army officer assigned to the American Embassy in Saigon, I spent several years at Stanford’s Hoover Institution on War, Revolution and Peace researching various aspects of international Communism. In addition to writing Vietnamese Communism: Its Origins and Development (1975), I served for two years as Associate Editor of the Hoover Institution’s Yearbook on International Communist Affairs.
203. 4 HO CHI MINH, SELECTED WORKS 175–76 (1962), quoted in TURNER, VIETNAMESE COMMUNISM: ITS ORIGINS AND DEVELOPMENT 114 (1975).
204. See, e.g., DAVID KING, THE COMMISSAR VANISHES: THE FALSIFICATION OF PHOTOGRAPHS AND ART IN STALIN’S RUSSIA (1997).
205. See, e.g., Ethical Issues on Campus: University of Wisconsin Officials Doctor Photograph, JOURNAL OF COLLEGE AND CHARACTER, available at http://www.collegevalues.org/ethics.cfm?id=288&a=1.
206. Jefferson to William Roscoe, Dec. 27, 1820, in 15 WRITINGS OF THOMAS JEFFERSON 303 (Mem. ed. 1904).
207. Ellis, Jefferson: Post-DNA, p. 126.
208. Id. at 129.
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