“Miss Bagot seems to have highlighted”: Close, Trinity.
“Bagot had been on SONIA’s [sic] trail”: Paul Monk: https://quadrant.org.au/magazine/2010/04/christopher-andrew-and-the-strange-case-of-roger-hollis/.
“On 4 September, U. Kuczynski”: For the Quebec Agreement debate, see ibid.; Pincher, Treachery; Lota, GRU i atomnaia bomba; Antony Percy at www.coldspur.com.
“Sooner or later there will be”: Tolstoy, Victims of Yalta.
“He is about 5 foot 10 inches”: Hornblum, The Invisible Harry Gold.
20. OPERATION HAMMER
The best account of the Tool missions is Gould, German Anti-Nazi Espionage in the Second World War. See also Persico, Piercing the Reich; and CIA Library, https://www.cia.gov/library/center-for-the-study-of-intelligence/csi-publications/csi-studies/studies/vol46no1/article03.html.
American intelligence records of the missions are retained by the U.S. National Archives (USNA): OSS Record Group 226. See also OSS War Diary, vol. 6, 421–56.
Interviews with Hammer agents in 1953 by GDR investigative commission are in the Archives of the Political Parties and Mass Organizations of the GDR [SAPMO]: DY 30/IV 2/4/123, BL 123–282.
“uncomfortable in inexpensive suits and neckties”: Persico, Piercing the Reich.
“undoubtedly a lifelong communist”: Karl Kastro’s (Erich Henschke) MI5 file, TNA KV 2/3908.
“Excitement made him snort”: Dunlop, Donovan.
“those who make use”: Kuczynski’s MI5 files, TNA KV 2/1871–1880.
For United States Strategic Bombing Survey records, see http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/AAF/USSBS/.
“I have never met anyone”: Matthews, An Impeccable Spy.
21. RUSTLE OF SPRING
“no longer follow”: See SAPMO archives, DY 30/IV 2/4/123, BL 123–282.
“Only the most courageous”: USNA, OSS Record Group 226.
“One of the good things”: Werner, Ein ungewöhnliches Mädchen.
“the campus of a huge university”: Close, Trinity.
“a new weapon”: Putz, “What If the United States Had Told the Soviet Union about the Bomb?”
22. GREAT ROLLRIGHT
Descriptions of life in Great Rollright are from Werner, Sonya’s Report; Blankenfeld, Die Tochter bin ich; and interviews with Michael Hamburger and Peter Beurton.
“That’s what I have become”: Hamburger, Zehn Jahre Lager.
“The FBI are being singularly persistent”: See the Beurtons’ MI5 files, TNA KV 6/41–45.
“splintering crash”: Foote, Handbook for Spies.
“complete lack of nerves”: Foote’s MI5 files, TNA KV 2/1611–1616.
“In front of him stood”: Werner, Sonya’s Report.
“Except knitting”: For MI5’s pursuit of Ursula and the Kuczynskis, see Brinson and Dove, A Matter of Intelligence.
23. A VERY TOUGH NUT
“Oh my little boy”: Werner, Sonya’s Report.
“I have a bit of good news”: Hamburger’s MI5 files, TNA KV 2/1610.
“gracefully bowed himself out”: The Skardon interview is in the Beurtons’ MI5 files, TNA KV 6/41–45.
“A dapper, pipe-smoking former policeman”: Wright, Spycatcher.
“upper class bluster”: Close, Trinity.
“the principal apologist for communist China”: Price, The Lives of Agnes Smedley.
“Foreigners are leaving China”: Intercepted letter in the Beurtons’ MI5 files, TNA KV 6/41–45.
“During the whole day”: Blankenfeld, Die Tochter bin ich.
“If I felt low”: Werner, Sonya’s Report.
“We have evidence”: Raymond H. Geselbracht, ed., “The Truman Administration during 1949: A Chronology,” Harry S. Truman Library.
“Stout is not so good”: Close, Trinity; see also Fuchs’s MI5 files, TNA KV 2/1245–1270.
“We were never allowed”: http://www.greathead.org/greathead2-o/Sonia.htm.
24. RUTH WERNER
Ursula’s Stasi files are Bfs HA IX/11 FV 98/66 Bd 19.
“bolted back to Germany in 1947”: Pincher, Treachery.
“I wanted to live as a citizen”: Werner, Sonya’s Report.
“spent twenty years abroad”: Bfs HA IX/11 FV 98/66 Bd 19.
“These persons are likely to possess”: For MI6’s efforts to recruit the Kuczynskis, see Stibbe, “Jürgen Kuczynski and the Search for a (Non-existent) Western Spy Ring in the East German Communist Party in 1953.”
“I lost so many friends”: Werner, Sonya’s Report.
“In the hasty pleasure of love”: Hamburger, Zehn Jahre Lager.
was rated “good”: Hamburger’s Stasi files, MfS HA IX/II. FV 98/66.
“There were two important things”: Reflections of Ursula’s children are from author interviews; see also “Codename Sonya,” BBC Radio 4, 2002, https://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/59623532dbb240c3aa1c2bd002b932f5.
“I weighed it in my hand”: Werner, Der Gong des Porzellanhändlers.
“A nightmare haunts my sleep”: Werner, Sonya’s Report.
AFTERWORD: THE LIVES OF OTHERS
“made the single greatest contribution”: Close, Trinity.
“scrupulously courteous”: Philby, My Silent War.
“a lonely bird of tremendous wingspread”: Price, The Lives of Agnes Smedley.
“a successful exercise in anti-Soviet propaganda”: Pincher, Treachery.
“a committed, reliable and disciplined agent”: Andrew and Mitrokhin, The Mitrokhin Archive.
“The Spy Who Came in from the Co-op”: The Times, September 11, 1999.
“To Letty, Sonya salutes you!”: Pincher, Treachery.
“gallantry in keeping”: See Gould, German Anti-Nazi Espionage in the Second World War.
“Ursula started to use the greeting”: See the Beurtons’ MI5 files, TNA KV 6/41–45.
“He who hates and despises”: For Jürgen Kuczynski’s later years, see Green, A Political Family.
“Do you really feel”: Undated letter, courtesy of Peter Beurton.
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ABBREVIATIONS
BArch: German Federal Archives
BStU: Federal Commissioner for the Records of the State Security Service of the former German Democratic Republic
NACP: National Archives at College Park, College Park, Maryland
PHOTO INSERT
1Ullstein bild/Getty Images
2Kuczynski family archive
3Courtesy of Peter Beurton
4Courtesy of Peter Beurton
5Courtesy of Peter Beurton
6Courtesy of Ann Simpson
7BArch, Bild 102-01355
8BStU, MfS, HA IX/11, FV 98/66, Bd. 40, S. 125
9Collection of the Hamburger family
10CPA Media/Ala
my
11Collection of the Hamburger family
12Agnes Smedley Photographs, University Archives, Arizona State University Library
13Whereabouts of original photo unknown, from Ruth Werner, Sonjas Rapport, Berlin: Neues Leben, 1977
14BStU, MfS, HA IX/11, FV 98/66, Bd. 20, S. 98
15Collection of the Hamburger family
16Sputnik/TopFoto
17Whereabouts of original photo unknown, from Ruth Werner, Sonya’s Report, London: Chatto & Windus, 1991
18Collection of the Hamburger family
19Collection of the Hamburger family
20Collection of the Hamburger family
21BStU, MfS, HA IX/11, FV 98/66, Bd. 39, S. 142
22Collection of the Hamburger family
23BArch, Bild 10-2167-04
24Wellcome Library, London under CC-BY 4.0
25Photograph by Helen Foster Snow, courtesy L. Tom Perry Special Collections, Brigham Young University
26Courtesy of Peter Beurton
27BStU, MfS, HA IX/11, FV 98/66, Bd. 39, S. 139
28Source unknown
29Source unknown
30Collection of the Hamburger family
31NACP, RG 242.28: National Archives Collection of Foreign Records Seized
32BStU, MfS, HA IX/11, FV 98/66, Bd. 39, S. 145
33Courtesy of András Trom
34BStU, MfS, HA IX/11, FV 98/66, Bd. 40, S. 7
35Courtesy of Ann Simpson
36Collection of the Hamburger family
37Collection of the Hamburger family
38Photograph by Sybill Clay and Stella Caffyn, estate of Emily Hahn
39National Archives, Kew, KV2/1253
40Courtesy of Peter Beurton
41National Archives, Kew, KV2/3908
42Private collection, from Jonathan S. Gould, German Anti-Nazi Espionage in the Second World War: The OSS and the Men of the TOOL Missions, Abingdon, Oxon; New York, NY: Routledge, 2019
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