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Clever Girl Page 39

by Lauren Kessler


  “Bentley kept a bottle in her desk”: Roeker interview with Florence McDermott, in Roeker, “Communist Agent,” p. 58.

  “She had a life, now, that she could live”: The FBI kept tabs on her. See FBI memo, special agent in charge, New Haven, to special agent in charge, New York, Nov. 17, 1961, Bentley file No. 134-182-A-10. Her death certificate lists the Cherry Hill address.

  “‘…may still be needed at some future date’”: FBI letter, J. Edgar Hoover to Elizabeth Bentley, Nov. 19, 1959, Bentley file No. 134-435-231.

  “a job that summer at General Dynamics”: FBI memo, special agent in charge, New Haven, to director, July 11, 1960, Bentley file No. 134-435-[no final number assigned].

  “unable to identify the man in question”: FBI memo, special agent in charge, New Haven, to director, Jan. 19, 1961, Bentley file No. 65-57904.

  “‘absolutely not willing to testify’”: FBI memo, special agent in charge, New York, to special agent in charge, New Haven, Nov. 17, 1961, Bentley file No. 134-182-A-10.

  “Elizabeth Bentley was dead”: My thanks to oncologist Peter Kovach for insights into the symptoms accompanying abdominal cancer and the complications that may follow surgery. Bentley’s death certificate makes note of the “exploratory laphrotomy” and the diagnosis of “carcinomatosis, primary unknown.”

  “She made headlines one last time”: New York Times, Dec. 4, 1963, p. 47; New York Herald Tribune, Dec. 4, 1963, p. 28; Washington Post, Dec. 4, 1963, p. 35; Newsweek, Dec. 16, 1963, p. 60; National Review, Dec. 17, 1963, p. 510.

  “‘warm regard and affection’ for the Bureau”: FBI radiogram, special agent in charge, New Haven, to director and special agent in charge, New York, Dec. 3, 1963, Bentley file No. 134-435-234. See also No. 134-182-A-12.

  “the kind of spot one would choose for a picnic”: My thanks to Roger Desmond for his keen eye.

  Bibliography

  Abt, John. Advocate and Activist: Memoirs of an American Communist Lawyer. Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1993.

  Barros, James. No Sense of Evil: Espionage, the Case of E. Herbert Norman. New York: Ballantine Books, 1986.

  Belfrage, Cedric. The American Inquisition, 1945–1960. Indianapolis: The Bobbs-Merrill Co., Inc., 1973.

  Belknap, Michal R. Cold War Political Justice: The Smith Act, the Communist Party, and American Civil Liberties. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1977.

  Bentley, Elizabeth. FBI File. FBI Freedom of Information Act Reading Room, Hoover Building, Washington, D.C.

  Bentley, Elizabeth. FBI statement (signed), Nov. 30, 1945. Bentley file No. 65-56402-220.

  Bentley, Elizabeth. Out of Bondage: The Story of Elizabeth Bentley. New York: Devin-Adair Co., 1951.

  Bentley, Elizabeth. Out of Bondage: The Story of Elizabeth Bentley. With an afterword by Hayden Peake. New York: Ballantine Books, 1988.

  Browder, Earl Russell. Oral History Collection, Columbia University. Carpozi, George, Jr. Red Spies in Washington. New York: Trident Press, 1968.

  Carr, Robert Kenneth. The House Committee on Un-American Activities, 1945–1950. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1952.

  Caute, David. The Great Fear: The Anti-Communist Purge Under Truman and Eisenhower. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1978.

  Chambers, Whittaker. Witness. New York: Random House, 1952.

  Cook, Fred J. The FBI Nobody Knows. New York: The Macmillan Company, 1964.

  Cook, Fred J., “The Remington Tragedy,” The Nation, Dec. 28, 1958(vol. 185, no. 22), pp. 486–500.

  Craig, Bruce. “Treasonable Doubt: The Harry Dexter White Case, 1948–1953 (Espionage).” Ph.D. dissertation, the American University, 1999.

  Daniels, Elizabeth A. Bridges to the World: Henry Noble MacCracken and Vassar College. Clinton Corners, NY: College Avenue Press, 1994.

  Daniels, Elizabeth A. Main to Mudd, and More: An Intimate History of Vassar College Buildings. Poughkeepsie, NY: Vassar College, 1996.

  Davis, Hope Hale. Great Day Coming: A Memoir of the 1930s. South Royalton, VT: Steerforth Press, 1994.

  Davis, Hope Hale, “Looking Back at My Years in the Party: A Memoir,” The New Leader, Feb. 11 1980, pp. 10–13, 16–18.

  Fariello, Griffin. Red Scare: Memories of the American Inquisition: An Oral History. New York: W. W. Norton, 1995.

  Feklisov, Alexander and Sergei Kostin. The Man Behind the Rosenbergs. New York: Enigma Books, 2001.

  Gitlow, Benjamin. I Confess: The Truth About American Communism. New York: E. P Dutton and Co., 1940.

  Gitlow, Benjamin. The Whole of Their Lives: Communism in America—A Personal History and Intimate Portrayal of Its Leaders. With a foreword by Max Eastman. New York: C. Scribner and Sons, 1948.

  Gold, Harry. FBI File. In possession of Robert J. Lamphere.

  Gornick, Vivian. The Romance of American Communism. New York: Basic Books, Inc., 1977.

  Griffin, Margaret, ed. Student Handbook of Vassar College. Poughkeepsie, NY: Vassar College, 1926.

  Hamby, Alonzo L. Beyond the New Deal: Harry S. Truman and American Liberalism. New York: Columbia University Press, 1973.

  Haynes, John Earl and Harvey Klehr. Venona: Decoding Soviet Espionage in America. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1999.

  Hiss, Alger, “Papers of Alger Hiss.” Manuscript Collections, Harvard Law School Library.

  Hoover, J. Edgar. Masters of Deceit: The Story of Communism in America and How to Fight It. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston, 1958.

  Kempton, Murray. Part of Our Time: Some Ruins and Monuments of the Thirties. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1955.

  Kirschner, Don S. Cold War Exile: The Unclosed Case of Maurice Halperin. Columbia, MO: University of Missouri Press, 1995.

  Klehr, Harvey. The Heyday of American Communism: The Depression Decade. New York: Basic Books, 1984.

  Klehr, Harvey and John Earl Haynes. The American Communist Movement: Storming Heaven Itself. New York: Twayne Publishers, 1992.

  Klehr, Harvey and John Earl Haynes, and Fridrikh Igorevich Firsov. The Secret World of American Communism. New Haven, CT, and London: Yale University Press, 1995.

  Lamphere, Robert J. and Tom Schachtman. The FBI-KGB War: A Special Agent’s Story. New York: Random House, 1986.

  Latham, Earl. The Communist Controversy in Washington: From the New Deal to McCarthy. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1966.

  Matusow, Harvey. False Witness. New York: Cameron & Kahn, Publishers, 1955.

  May, Gary. Un-American Activities: The Trials of William Remington. New York: Oxford University Press, 1994.

  Meet the Press. Aug. 13, 1948; Dec. 6, 1983.

  Navasky, Victor S. Naming Names. New York: Viking Press, 1980.

  Nearing, Scott. Must We Starve? New York: The Vanguard Press, 1932.

  New Milford Historical Society. Two Centuries of New Milford, Connecticut: An Account of the Bi-Centennial Celebration of the Founding of the Town Held June 15, 16, 17 and 18, 1907, With a Number of Historical Articles And Reminiscences. New York: The Press, 1907.

  Olmstead, Kathryn S. Red Spy Queen. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2002.

  O’Reilly, Kenneth. Hoover and the Un-Americans: The FBI, HUAC, and the Red Menace. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1983.

  “Our Town,” New Milford Gazette, Jan. 2, 1914.

  Packer, Herbert. Ex-Communist Witnesses: Four Studies in Fact Finding. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1962.

  Radosh, Ronald and Joyce Milton. The Rosenberg File: A Search for the Truth. New York: Vintage Books, 1984.

  Rauh, Joseph. Papers. Library of Congress.

  Redlich, Norman, “Spies in Government: I. The Bentley Story,” The Nation, Jan. 30, 1954, pp. 85–88; “Spies in Government: II. The Jenner Report,” The Nation, Feb. 6, 1954, pp. 109–111.

  Rees, David. Harry Dexter White: A Study in Paradox. New York: Coward, McCann & Geoghegan, 1973.

  Roberts, Sam. The Brother. New York: Random House, 2001.

  Roeker, Robert, “The Story o
f a Communist Agent in America.” M.A. thesis, Western Connecticut State University, 1985.

  Romerstein, Herbert and Eric Breindel. The Venona Secrets: Exposing Soviet Espionage and America’s Traitors. Washington, D.C.: Regnery Publications Inc., 2000.

  Schneir, Walter and Miriam Schneir. Invitation to an Inquest. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1965; New York: Pantheon Books, 1983.

  Silvermaster, Nathan Gregory. FBI File. FBI Freedom of Information Act Reading Room, Hoover Building, Washington, D.C.

  Steinberg, Peter L. The Great “Red Menace”: United States Prosecution of American Communists, 1947–1952. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1984.

  Straight, Michael Whitney. After Long Silence. New York: W. W. Norton, 1983.

  Stripling, Robert E., Bob Considine, ed. The Red Plot Against America. Drexel, PA: Bell Publishing Co., 1949.

  Stone, I. F. The Haunted Fifties. New York: Vintage Books, 1969.

  Tanenhaus, Sam. Whittaker Chambers: A Biography. New York: Random House, 1997.

  U.S. Congress. Senate. Senate Committee on Judiciary. Senate Subcommittee on Immigration and Naturalization. Communist Activities Among Aliens and National Groups. Part 1, 81st Cong., 1st sess., 10, 13, 16 May, 1, 8–9, 18 June, 15–16, 27–28 July, 10–12 August 1949.

  U.S. Congress. Senate. Senate Committee on Judiciary. Senate Subcommittee on Amendments to the Displaced Persons Act. Displaced Persons, 81st Cong., 1st sess.; 81st Cong., 2nd sess., 25 March, 8 April, 26–27 July, 4–5, 11, 17–19, 23, 25–26, 31 August, 1, 9, 16, 23, 28, 30 September, 3, 7–8 October 1949; 3, 5, 19 January, 3, 6, 14–17, 22, 24 February, 3, 7–8, 10, 13, 15–16 March 1950.

  U.S. Congress. Senate. Senate Committee on Expenditures in Executive Departments. Export Policy and Loyalty. Part 1, 80th Cong., 2nd sess., 30 July 1948.

  U.S. Congress. House. House Committee on Un-American Activities. Hearings Regarding Communism in the U.S. Government. Part 1, 80th Cong., 2nd sess.; 81st Cong., 2nd sess., 30 July, 7 August 1948; 20–21, 25, 29 April, 4–6 May, 8 June 1950.

  U.S. Congress. House. House Committee on Un-American Activities. Hearings Regarding Communist Espionage in the U.S. Government. Part 1, 80th Cong., 2nd sess., 31 July, 3–5, 7, 9–13, 16–18, 20, 24–27, 30 August, 8–9 September 1948.

  U.S. Congress. Senate. Senate Committee on Judiciary. Senate Subcommittee to Investigate the Administration of the Internal Security Act and Other Internal Security Laws; Senate Subcommittee Investigating the Institute of Pacific Relations. Institute of Pacific Relations, Part 2, 82nd Cong., 1st sess., 9, 14, 16, 20, 22–23 August 1951.

  U.S. Congress. Senate. Senate Committee on Judiciary. Senate Subcommittee to Investigate the Administration of the Internal Security Act and Other Internal Security Laws. Institute of Pacific Relations, Part 13, 82nd Cong., 2nd sess., 2, 4, 5, 7–8 April, 15–16, 29 May 1952.

  U.S. Congress. Senate. Senate Committee on Judiciary. Senate Subcommittee to Investigate the Administration of the Internal Security Act and Other Internal Security Laws. Interlocking Subversion in Government Departments, Part 1, 83rd Cong., 1st sess., 10 April 1953.

  U.S. Congress. Senate. Senate Committee on Judiciary. Senate Subcommittee to Investigate the Administration of the Internal Security Act and Other Internal Security Laws. Interlocking Subversion in Government Departments, Part 3, 83rd Cong., 1st sess., 16 April 1953.

  U.S. Congress. Senate. Senate Committee on Judiciary. Senate Subcommittee to Investigate the Administration of the Internal Security Act and Other Internal Security Laws. Interlocking Subversion in Government Departments, Part 7, 83rd Cong., 1st sess., 12 May 1953.

  U.S. Congress. Senate. Senate Committee on Judiciary. Senate Subcommittee to Investigate the Administration of the Internal Security Act and Other Internal Security Laws. Interlocking Subversion in Government Departments, Part 10, 83rd Cong., 1st sess., 26 May 1953.

  U.S. Congress. Senate. Senate Committee on Judiciary. Senate Subcommittee to Investigate the Administration of the Internal Security Act and Other Internal Security Laws. Interlocking Subversion in Government Departments, Part 12, 83rd Cong., 1st sess., 12, 16, 18, 23 June 1953.

  U.S. Congress. Senate. Senate Committee on Judiciary. Senate Subcommittee to Investigate the Administration of the Internal Security Act and Other Internal Security Laws. Interlocking Subversion in Government Departments, Part 30, 84th Cong., 1st sess., 30 August 1955.

  U.S. Congress. Senate. Senate Committee on Judiciary. Senate Subcommittee to Investigate the Administration of the Internal Security Act and Other Internal Security Laws. Interlocking Subversion in Government Departments, Report, 83rd Cong., 1st sess., 30 July 1953.

  U.S. Congress. Senate. Senate Committee on Foreign Commerce. Nomination of Thomas C. Blaisdell, Jr., To Be Assistant Secretary of Commerce, 81st Cong., 1st sess., 23 February, 22 March 1949.

  U.S. Congress. House. House Committee on Un-American Activities. Role of the Communist Press in the Communist Conspiracy, 82nd Cong., 2nd sess., 9–10, 15–17 January 1952.

  U.S. Congress. House. Select Committee to Investigate Tax-Exempt Foundations and Comparable Organizations. Tax-Exempt Foundations, 82nd Cong., 2nd sess., 18–21, 24–25 November, 2, 3, 5, 8–11, 15, 17, 22–23, 30 December 1952.

  U.S. Congress. Senate. Senate Committee on Government Operations. Senate Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations; Senate Subcommittee on Government Operations Abroad. Transfer of Occupation Currency Plates—Espionage Phase, 83rd Cong., 1st sess., 20–21 October 1953.

  Venona cables. Online at www.nsa.gov/docs/venona/.

  Weinstein, Allen. Perjury: The Hiss-Chambers Case. New York: Knopf, 1978.

  Weinstein, Allen and Alexander Vassiliev. The Haunted Wood: Soviet Espionage in America—The Stalin Era. New York: The Modern Library, 2000.

  Wells, Katherine Elizabeth. The Turrill/Wells Genealogy. New Milford, CT: Self-published.

  Weyl, Nathaniel, “‘I Was in a Communist Unit with Hiss’: Revelations of a Liberal,” U.S. News and World Report, Jan. 9, 1953, pp. 22–40.

  Yalkowsky, Stanley. The Murder of the Rosenbergs. Self-published, 1990.

  Searchable Terms

  Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland Soviet espionage in

  Abt, John

  Adler, Solomon

  Agriculture Department, U.S., Soviet espionage in

  Air Force, U.S., Soviet espionage in

  Akhmerov, Itzhak “Bill” (Bentley’s KGB contact)

  Bentley’s first meeting within

  Bentley’s opinion of

  his view of Bentley’s role

  Perlo Group and

  Silvermaster Group and

  “Al.” See Gorsky, Anatoly “Al”

  (Bentley’s KGB contact)

  Aldrich, Frank C. (FBI agent)

  Alsop, Joseph

  Amalgamated Clothing Workers

  Union

  Amerasia (periodical)

  American Civil Liberties Union ACLU)

  American communists. See Communist Party, U.S

  American Jewish League Against Communism

  American League Against War and Fascism

  Ameritex Industrial Company

  Army, U.S., Soviet espionage in

  Belfrage, Cedric

  Belmont, Alan (FBI)

  Bentley, Charles Prentiss (father of E. T. Bentley)

  Bentley, Elizabeth Turrill

  alcohol consumption

  anticommunist lectures given by appeal of communism to

  assassination of plotted by KGB

  awarded Soviet Order of the Red Star

  book authored by

  childhood and early years

  Columbia University education

  Bentley, Elizabeth Turrill (cont.) congressional testimony by

  conversion to Catholicism

  credibility of

  decision made by, to reveal espionage to FBI

  disillusionment with communism, by

  early attempts of communists to recruit as spy

  early political
and social views of

  emotional problems and inner resources of

  employment and undercover work at Italian Library of Information

  employment as teacher

  employment at Emergency Home Relief Bureau

  employment at McClure Newspaper Syndicate

  employment at short-term position

  employment at USS&S

  employment problems of, during Depression

  espionage work of, directed by J. Golos

  as FBI double agent

  as FBI informant

  final illness and death

  financial problems

  Golos’s death and

  Gorsky’s gift of money to

  as government expert witness

  grand jury testimony

  as “handler” of spy networks

  health

  home owned in Connecticut

  initial contact with American communists

  involvement in American Communist Party

  libel suits involving

  H. Matusow’s challenge to

  media coverage of

  obituaries for

  personal and legal problems in 1951 and 1952

  personality and character of

  place of, in American history

  as public figure

  W. Remington trials and his challenge to

 

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