by Rob Dietz
25. Kate Pickett, “Workshop 3: Distribution of Income and Wealth” (Steady State Economy Conference, Leeds, U.K., June 19, 2010), http://steadystate.org/wp-content/uploads/WS3_Proposal_Distribution.pdf (accessed August 20, 2010).
26. David Herrera, “Mondragon: A For-Profit Organization That Embodies Catholic Social Thought,” Entrepreneur, 2004, http://www.entrepreneur.com/tradejournals/article/116926710_1.html (accessed August 20, 2010).
27. Will Hutton, “Hutton Review of Fair Pay in the Public Sector: Terms of Reference” (HM Treasury, 2010), http://www.hm-treasury.gov.uk/indreview_willhutton_fairpay_tor.htm (accessed August 20, 2010).
28. UK Co-operatives, “About Co-operatives,” http://www.uk.coop/co-operatives (accessed July 30, 2010).
29. Gar Alperovitz, Thad Williamson, and Ted Howard, “The Cleveland Model,” The Nation, March 1, 2010, http://www.thenation.com/article/cleveland-model (accessed January 3, 2012).
CHAPTER 8: ENOUGH DEBT
1. Bill McKibben, Deep Economy: The Wealth of Communities and the Durable Future (New York: Times Books, 2007), 162.
2. John Fullerton, interview with Rob Dietz, January 17, 2012.
3. Daly and Farley, Ecological Economics (cited in chap. 1, n. 3), 245.
4. Neva Goodwin, Julie Nelson, and Jonathan Harris, Macroeconomics in Context (Armonk, N.Y.: M. E. Sharpe, 2009).
5. Frederick Soddy, Wealth, Virtual Wealth, and Debt (London: George Allen & Unwin, 1926).
6. Philip Lawn, “Facilitating the Transition to a Steady-State Economy: Some Macroeconomic Fundamentals,” Ecological Economics 69, no. 5 (March 15, 2010): 931–936.
7. GDP data are in current prices and are from the World Bank, “World Development Indicators, September 2011 Edition” (cited in chap. 2, n. 16). Money supply data are from the Bank of England series “LPQAUYN: Quarterly amounts outstanding of M4 (monetary financial institutions’ sterling M4 liabilities to private sector) (in sterling millions) seasonally adjusted” (Bank of England, November 25, 2009). M4 is a broad measure of the money supply that includes sterling notes and coin, sterling deposits (including certificates of deposit), commercial paper, bonds, floating-rate notes, and several other types of assets.
8. Josh Ryan-Collins et al., Where Does Money Come From? A Guide to the UK Monetary and Banking System (London: New Economics Foundation, 2011), 15–16.
9. Ibid., 55–56.
10. Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, “Reserve Requirements” (October 26, 2011), http://www.federalreserve.gov/monetarypolicy/reservereq.htm (accessed January 19, 2012).
11. Joshua Feinman, “Reserve Requirements: History, Current Practice, and Potential Reform,” Federal Reserve Bulletin (June 1993), http://www.federalreserve.gov/monetarypolicy/0693lead.pdf (accessed January 19, 2012).
12. Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, “Reserve Requirements.”
13. James Robertson and John Bunzl, Monetary Reform—Making It Happen! (London: International Simultaneous Policy Organisation, 2003).
14. Mary Mellor, The Future of Money: From Financial Crisis to Public Resource (London: Pluto Press, 2010).
15. David Korten, Agenda for a New Economy: From Phantom Wealth to Real Wealth (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2009).
16. U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, “Industry Economic Accounts Information Guide” (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Commerce, February 2, 2012), http://www.bea.gov/industry/iedguide.htm#gdpia_ad (accessed February 29, 2012).
17. Molly Scott Cato and Mary Mellor, “Workshop 4: Money and the Financial System” (Steady State Economy Conference, Leeds, U.K., June 19, 2010), http://steadystate.org/wp-content/uploads/WS4_Proposal_Money.pdf (accessed August 5, 2010).
18. Daly and Farley, Ecological Economics (cited in chap. 1, n. 3), 252–254.
19. Joseph Huber and James Robertson, Creating New Money: A Monetary Reform for the Information Age (London: New Economics Foundation, 2000).
20. BerkShares, Inc., “BerkShares Web Directory,” http://www.berkshares.org/directory/index.htm (accessed January 24, 2012); and BerkShares, Inc., “Berk-Shares Exchange Banks,” http://www.berkshares.org/banks.htm (accessed January 24, 2012).
21. B£ Group, “B£ e-Currency,” http://brixtonpound.org/b-e-currency/ (accessed February 12, 2012).
22. Dave Harvey, “‘Bristol Pound’ Currency to Boost Independent Traders,” BBC News, February 5, 2012, http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-bristol-16852326 (accessed February 12, 2012).
23. Richard Douthwaite, The Ecology of Money, Online Edition (Dublin: Feasta, 2006), http://www.feasta.org/documents/moneyecology/contents.htm (accessed September 19, 2010).
24. Pietro Alessandrini and Michele Fratianni, “Resurrecting Keynes to Stabilize the International Monetary System,” Open Economies Review 20 (January 10, 2009): 339–358.
25. Douthwaite, The Ecology of Money; and Molly Scott Cato, “Sustainable Economics: A New Financial Architecture Based on a Global Carbon Standard,” in The Transition to Sustainable Living and Practice, Advances in Ecopolitics, vol. 4, edited by L. Leonard and J. Barry, 55–76 (Bingley, U.K.: Emerald Group Publishing, 2009).
26. Rupert Neate, “France Plans Tobin Tax on Financial Transactions,” The Guardian, January 30, 2012, http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2012/jan/30/france-tobin-tax-nicolas-sarkozy?newsfeed=true (accessed February 12, 2012).
27. Binyamin Appelbaum, “Bailed-Out Banks Raking in Big Profits,” Washington Post, October 16, 2009, http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/10/15/AR2009101504007.html (accessed January 25, 2012).
28. David Korten et al., “How to Liberate America from Wall Street Rule” (New Economy Working Group, July 2011), http://www.yesmagazine.org/pdf/liberateamericadownload.pdf.
29. Milton Friedman, Capitalism and Freedom (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1982), 2.
CHAPTER 9: ENOUGH MISCALCULATION
1. Robert F. Kennedy, “Excerpt of a Speech,” 1968, in Robert Costanza et al., “Estimates of the Genuine Progress Indicator (GPI) for Vermont, Chittenden County and Burlington, from 1950 to 2000,” Ecological Economics 51 (2004): 139–155.
2. Nadia Mustafa, “What about Gross National Happiness?” Time, January 10, 2005, http://www.time.com/time/health/article/0,8599,1016266,00.html (accessed October 3, 2011).
3. Gross National Happiness USA, “What Is GNH?” http://www.gnhusa.org/what-is-gnh/ (accessed August 17, 2011).
4. John de Graaf, “The Landlocked Heart of Gross National Happiness,” Utne Reader, December 4, 2009, http://www.utne.com/mind-body/Bhuton-Heart-of-Gross-National-Happiness.aspx (accessed October 3, 2011).
5. Allegra Stratton, “Happiness Index to Gauge Britain’s National Mood,” The Guardian, November 14, 2010, http://www.guardian.co.uk/lifeandstyle/2010/nov/14/happiness-index-britain-national-mood (accessed October 3, 2011).
6. Australian Bureau of Statistics, “Measures of Australia’s Progress: Is Life in Australia Getting Better?” http://abs.gov.au/about/progress (accessed October 3, 2011).
7. United Nations, “Happiness Should Have Greater Role in Development Policy,” UN News Centre, July 19, 2011, http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.asp?NewsID=39084 (accessed August 17, 2011).
8. “Government Drafts ‘Happiness Indicators’ to Supplement Economic Data,” The Japan Times, December 6, 2011, http://www.japantimes.co.jp/text/nn20111206a7.html (accessed February 13, 2012).
9. Saamah Abdallah, “Workshop 5: Measuring Progress/Quality of Life” (Steady State Economy Conference, Leeds, U.K., June 19, 2010), http://steadystate.org/wp-content/uploads/WS5_Proposal_MeasuringProgress.pdf (accessed October 3, 2011).
10. U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, “Current-Dollar and Real GDP” (cited in chap. 2, n. 22).
11. Layard, Happiness, 32–33 (cited in chap. 2, n. 22).
12. Juliet Michaelson et al., National Accounts of Well-Being: Bringing Real Wealth onto the Balance Sheet (London: New Economics Foundation, 2009).
13. European Commission, “Beyond G
DP: Measuring Progress, True Wealth, and the Well-Being of Nations,” http://www.beyond-gdp.eu/ (accessed October 12, 2011); Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, “Better Life Initiative: Measuring Well-Being and Progress” (Paris: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development), http://www.oecd.org/betterlifeinitiative (accessed October 12, 2011); and Joseph Stiglitz, Amartya Sen, and Jean-Paul Fitoussi, Report by the Commission on the Measurement of Economic Performance and Social Progress (Paris: Commission on the Measurement of Economic Performance and Social Progress, 2009), http://www.stiglitz-sen-fitoussi.fr (accessed October 12, 2011).
14. Abdallah, “Workshop 5: Measuring Progress/Quality of Life.”
15. Mark Easton, “Britain’s Happiness in Decline,” BBC News, May 2, 2006, http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/happiness_formula/4771908.stm (accessed October 12, 2011).
16. Chris Coulter and Hazel Henderson, “Worldwide Support for True Wealth Measures: Three-Quarters Say Governments Should Look beyond Economics and Measure Social and Environmental Progress,” press release (London: GlobeScan and Ethical Markets Media, November 12, 2007), http://www.globescan.com/news_archives/emm_beyondgdp.htm (accessed October 12, 2011).
17. Daniel O’Neill, “Measuring Progress in the Degrowth Transition to a Steady State Economy,” Ecological Economics (in press), doi: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2011.05.020.
18. Research & Degrowth, “Degrowth Declaration of the Paris 2008 Conference” (cited in chap. 4, n. 26).
19. David Leonhardt, “How Obama Reconciles Dueling Views on Economy,” New York Times Magazine, August 20, 2008, http://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/20/world/americas/20iht-24obamanomicst.15470639.html (accessed October 13, 2011).
20. For the Index of Sustainable Economic Welfare, see Herman Daly and John Cobb, Jr., For the Common Good (cited in chap. 2, n. 3), 443–507; for the Genuine Progress Indicator, see John Talberth, Clifford Cobb, and Noah Slattery, The Genuine Progress Indicator 2006: A Tool for Sustainable Development (Oakland, Calif.: Redefining Progress, 2007).
21. GPI data are from John Talberth, Clifford Cobb, and Noah Slattery, The Genuine Progress Indicator 2006. GDP data are from the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, “National Economic Accounts” (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Commerce), http://www.bea.gov/national/index.htm (accessed June 7, 2009).
22. Saamah Abdallah et al., The Happy Planet Index 2.0: Why Good Lives Don’t Have to Cost the Earth (London: New Economics Foundation, 2010).
23. International Monetary Fund, “World Economic Outlook Database” (International Monetary Fund, September 2011), http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2011/02/weodata/download.aspx (accessed October 3, 2011).
24. Abdallah et al., The Happy Planet Index 2.0.
25. U.K. Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, “National Indicators” (London: U.K. Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, 2011), http://sd.defra.gov.uk/progress/national/ (accessed August 25, 2011).
26. Abdallah, “Workshop 5: Measuring Progress/Quality of Life.”
27. Ewing et al., Ecological Footprint Atlas 2009 (cited in chap. 2, n. 8).
28. O’Neill, “Measuring Progress in the Degrowth Transition to a Steady State Economy.”
29. Donella Meadows, Indicators and Information Systems for Sustainable Development: A Report to the Balaton Group (Hartland, Vt.: The Sustainability Institute, 1998), viii, 5, http://www.biomimicryguild.com/alumni/documents/download/Indicators_and_
information_systems_for_sustainable_develoment.pdf (accessed February 13, 2012).
CHAPTER 10: ENOUGH UNEMPLOYMENT
1. From a discussion during “Workshop 8: Employment” at the Steady State Economy Conference (Leeds, U.K., June 19, 2010).
2. Deb Wren, interview by Rob Dietz, December 17, 2011.
3. Victor, Managing without Growth, 12–13 (cited in chap. 3, n. 14).
4. “Consumer-Product Diversity Now Exceeds Biodiversity,” The Onion 34, no. 12, October 21, 1998, http://www.theonion.com/articles/consumerproduct-diversity-now-exceeds-biodiversity,1535/ (accessed February 14, 2012).
5. Martin Pullinger and Blake Alcott, “Workshop 8: Employment” (Steady State Economy Conference, Leeds, U.K., June 19, 2010), http://steadystate.org/wp-content/uploads/WS8_Proposal_Employment.pdf (accessed August 9, 2010).
6. Christer Sanne, “A Steady State of Leisure?” (Steady State Economy Conference, Leeds, U.K., June 19, 2010), http://steadystate.org/wp-content/uploads/WS8_DiscussionPaper_ChristerSanne.pdf (accessed August 9, 2010).
7. Jackson, Prosperity without Growth, 130–133 (cited in chap. 1, n. 5).
8. Juliet Schor, The Overworked American: The Unexpected Decline of Leisure (New York: Basic Books, 1993), 129.
9. Andrew Clark, “Work, Jobs, and Well-Being across the Millennium,” in International Differences in Well-Being, edited by Ed Diener, Daniel Kahneman, and John Helliwell, 436–468 (Oxford, U.K.: Oxford University Press, 2010), 449.
10. Jonathan Grossman, “Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938: Maximum Struggle for a Minimum Wage” (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Labor), http://www.dol.gov/oasam/programs/history/flsa1938.htm#1 (accessed December 19, 2011).
11. Juliet Schor, Plenitude: The New Economics of True Wealth (New York: Penguin Press, 2010), 105; and Tim Robinson, Work, Leisure and the Environment: The Vicious Circle of Overwork and Overconsumption (Cheltenham, U.K.: Edward Elgar, 2007).
12. Mathieu Gorse, “Italy Quietly Raises Retirement Age,” The Sydney Morning Herald, July 30, 2010, http://news.smh.com.au/breaking-news-world/italy-quietly-raises-retirement-age-20100730-10ya1.html (accessed December 19, 2011).
13. Juliet Schor, “Sustainable Consumption and Worktime Reduction,” Journal of Industrial Ecology 9, no. 1–2 (January 2005): 37–50.
14. Pullinger and Alcott, “Workshop 8: Employment.”
15. Robert Maier, Willibrord de Graaf, and Patricia Frericks, “Policy for the ‘Peak Hour’ of Life: Lessons from the New Dutch Life Course Saving Scheme,” European Societies 9, no. 3 (2007): 339–358.
16. International Labour Organization, “Key Indicators of the Labour Market (KILM), Seventh Edition” (2011), http://kilm.ilo.org/kilmnet/ (accessed October 27, 2011).
17. Eurostat, “Eurostat Statistics Database: Labour Force Survey” (2010), http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/statistics/search_database (accessed August 9, 2010).
18. Robert Costanza et al., “Scaling Back Our Energy-Hungry Lifestyles Means More of What Matters, Not Less,” Grist, December 9, 2007, http://grist.org/?p=20707 (accessed December 21, 2010).
19. Pullinger and Alcott, “Workshop 8: Employment.”
20. Ibid.
21. Robert Drake, “A Prideful Recollection of the Old CCC,” The Minnesota Volunteer (July–August 1983): 3–9, http://webapps8.dnr.state.mn.us/mcv_pdf/articles/83_Prideful_Recollection_of_the_
Old_CCC__A.pdf (accessed December 21, 2011).
22. Joy Stiles, “Interview with Isaac Louderback” (Shenandoah National Park, September 30, 1995), http://www.nps.gov/shen/historyculture/upload/ccc_oral_history_isaac_louderback.pdf (accessed December 21, 2011), 2.
23. Ibid.; and Drake, “A Prideful Recollection of the Old CCC.”
24. Stiles, “Interview with Isaac Louderback.”
25. Drake, “A Prideful Recollection of the Old CCC.”
26. Ibid.
27. Stiles, “Interview with Isaac Louderback.”
28. Drake, “A Prideful Recollection of the Old CCC.”
29. Stiles, “Interview with Isaac Louderback.”
CHAPTER 11: ENOUGH BUSINESS AS USUAL
1. Karl-Henrik Robèrt, “Foreword,” in Brian Nattrass and Mary Altomare, The Natural Step for Business: Wealth, Ecology, and the Evolutionary Corporation, 2nd ed. (Gabriola Island, Canada: New Society Publishers, 2001), xiv.
2. Dr. Seuss, The Lorax (New York: Random House, 1971).
3. Ibid., 24.
4. Ibid., 40.
5. Ibid., 49.
6. Johnn
ie Moore and Samuel Luoma, “Hazardous Wastes from Large-Scale Metal Extraction: A Case Study,” Environmental Science and Technology 24 (1990): 1278–1285.
7. Colorado State University Department of Biology, “Berkeley Pit History” (2003), http://rydberg.biology.colostate.edu/Phytoremediation/2003/Boczon/Berkeley_Pit_History.html (accessed October 20, 2011).
8. Edwin Dobb, “New Life in a Death Trap,” Discover (December 2000), http://discovermagazine.com/2000/dec/featnewlife (accessed October 20, 2011).
9. Joel Bakan, The Corporation: The Pathological Pursuit of Profit and Power (London: Constable, 2005).
10. Matthew Doeringer, “Fostering Social Enterprise: A Historical and International Analysis,” Duke Journal of Comparative & International Law 20, no. 2 (2010): 304.
11. Corporate revenue data are from “Global 500: Our Annual Ranking of the World’s Largest Corporations,” Fortune, July 26, 2010, http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/global500/2010/full_list/ (accessed October 20, 2011); GDP data are from the World Bank, “World Development Indicators & Global Development Finance” (2011), http://databank.worldbank.org/ddp/home.do (accessed October 20, 2011).
12. Alexander Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation: A Handbook for Visionaries, Game Changers, and Challengers (Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley & Sons, 2010).
13. Robin Roy, “Sustainable Product-Service Systems,” Futures 32, no. 3–4 (2000): 293.
14. Paul Hawken, Amory Lovins, and Hunter Lovins, Natural Capitalism, rev. ed. (London: Earthscan, 2010), 139–141.
15. Roy, “Sustainable Product-Service Systems,” 295.
16. Michael Porter and Mark Kramer, “The Big Idea: Creating Shared Value,” Harvard Business Review (January–February 2011): 64.
17. Ibid., 76.
18. Bradley Parrish, Sustainability Entrepreneurship: Design Principles, Processes, and Paradigms (Ph.D. diss., University of Leeds, 2007), 51.