by Joan Mellen
p. 275: “a gentleman”: Conversation with Marina Oswald, May 24, 2000.
p. 275: Marina claims that Oswald was innocent. Jennifer Gould, Vodka, Tears and Lenin’s Angel: My Adventures in the Wild and Woolly Former Soviet Union (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1997), p. 201.
p. 275: “the sheer force of your personality”: Ruth Paine to Jim Garrison, April 20, 1968, NODA, NARA. Orleans Parish Grand Jury testimony of Mrs. Ruth Hyde Paine, April 18, 1968.
p. 275: Jeanne Hack Napoli is surprised about Thornley’s post office box: To: District Attorney Jim Garrison, From: Bill Turner, Subject: Jeanne Hack Napoli—Kerry Thornley Matter, February 27, 1968. This is their second interview. NODA, NARA.
p. 275: seen Kerry Thornley at the Oswald residence: John Schwegmann Jr., To Jim Garrison, February 22, 1968, NOPL.
p. 276: Mrs. LaSavia and Mr. LaSavia: Memorandum, To Jim Garrison, From: Andrew J. Sciambra, Re: Kerry Thornley, February 29, 1968.
p. 276: Dowell: Doris Dowell was interviewed by the district attorney’s office on April 2, 1968.
p. 276: Thornley and Oswald in constant contact: Interview with Allen Campbell, July 4, 2002.
p. 276: Thornley impersonated Oswald in 1962: Jim Garrison to Zach Sklar, March 16, 1998.
p. 276: Thornley’s affidavit: HSCA 180-10070-10297, 008269, PT, 16, Affidavit, From: Thornley, Kerry, February 16, 1976, NARA.
p. 276: Garrison had already investigated Clint Bolton: From: Jim Garrison. Memo Re: Clint Bolton and Other French Quarter Personnel, February 20, 1968, NODA, NARA.
p. 276: Fonzi reads the affidavit: Memo September 23, 1976, To: Troy, From: Gaeton, NARA.
p. 276: “a rather strained effort”: Memo, August 17, 1977, To: Blackmer, From: Fonzi, Re: Kerry Thornley, NARA.
p. 276: “of recent date”: County of Los Angeles Sheriff’s Department, From: D. J. Cady, Lt. Norwalk Station Det. Bur, To: F. W. Rosenberg, Chief, Detective Division, November 26, 1963, File no. J-330, 89-75-190, Agency: FBI, 124-10270- 10176, NARA.
p. 276: “Atomic, Biological and Chemical Warfare”: Department of Defense—Files for Kerry Thornley, Reviewed May 9, 1978, DOD File Review, To: Patricia Orr. In particular, see Addendum— from “translation” of Thornley’s file by DOD, pertinent part of file only. This is Judy Miller’s Department of Defense summary of Kerry Thornley’s files sent over to the HSCA. See also the Doug Horne files of the ARRB for Thornley’s Marine Unit Diary, which also refers to his CIA Washington training.
p. 277: Rudy Vallee and Xavier Cugat: “DA Subpoenas 3 in JFK Slaying Probe,” States-Item, December 29, 1967.
p. 277: CIA says it has no connection with Howard: Memos, Hall, Loran Eugene and Howard, Lawrence J. aka Escurido Alonzo 104-10273-10012, RUSS HOLMES WORK FILE, January 9, 1968 See also Hemming, Gerald Patrick Jr. and Hall, Loran Eugene.
p. 277: “no comment”: “Plot Suspect Denies Garrison’s Charges,” Register, January 12, 1968.
p. 277: Art Kevin says that Howard “can prove”: Art Kevin, 1-11- 68, NODA, NARA.
p. 277: Howard is interviewed by Steven J. Burton: Lawrence Howard: Memorandum, To: Jim Garrison, From: Stephen J. Burton, Subject: Interviews of Lawrence Howard, January 25, 1968; February 19, 1968.
p. 277: “That’s Leon Oswald!” Note by Jim Garrison at the top of p. 2 of Memorandum, To: District Attorney Jim Garrison, From: Bill Turner, Subject: Oswald—Florida Aspects, NODA, NARA.
p. 277: Lawrence Howard at Tulane and Broad: Present at the February 25, 1968, interview of Lawrence Howard in New Orleans are Jim Garrison, Louis Ivon, Bill Boxley and Steven J. Burton.
p. 277: Hemming’s liaison with Odio: Hemming says he had a flirtation with Sylvia Odio in Cuba, interview with Gerald Patrick Hemming. October 22, 1999.
p. 277: “There’s no question”: February 26, 1968, 86-page transcript of February 25th interview with Lawrence Howard in New Orleans.
p. 278: Schiller offers himself again to the Bureau: January 15, 1968, To: Director, From: SAC, Los Angeles. 124-10258-10307, 89-69-3798, NODA, NARA.
p. 278: Howard should have been followed up: Interview with Louis Ivon, January 12, 2000.
p. 278: Hall told Stephen Jaffe that both Cohen and Schiller tried to prevent him from going to New Orleans: Memorandum, To: Jim Garrison, From: Stephen Jaffe, March 20, 1968, NODA, NARA.
p. 278: Harold Weisberg’s interview with Loran Hall is available in The Garrison Papers, NARA.
p. 278: Harry Dean: Conversation with Harry Dean, tape, Papers of Richard N. Billings, box 6, file 35A, Georgetown University, Washington, DC.
p. 278: Harry Dean . . . Special Agent Rapp: HSCA record number 180-10105-10298. Agency file: 01435. From: Klein, Kenneth to Tanenbaum, Robert K. Title: Interview with Harry Dean. Date: 05/23/77. 260-0. Box 260. NARA.
p. 279: Hall tells Jaffe a source saw Shaw enter Bradley’s home: Memorandum, May 1, 1968, To: Jim Garrison, From: Stephen Jaffe, Re: Loran Hall, reinterviews following memo of March 20, 1968.
p. 279: Jack Huston says Hall knew Oswald in Dallas: See Jack Huston to Louis Ivon, February 21, 1968, NODA, NARA.
p. 279: Hall admits to Wiley Yates that he had been in New Orleans: Wiley Yates to Jim Garrison, June 28, 1967.
p. 279: “clammed up”: Charles N. Phillips, 11th MI Group (III), CIA, From: Department of the Army, To: CIA, Liaison, Title: Army Document: Frente Revolucionaria Anti-Communista En Cuba, 104-10518-10322, August 7, 1970, NARA.
p. 279: for a report of the visit to Hall in jail in Dallas for the dexadrine pills: To: File, From: SAC J. Gordon Shanklin, December 27, 1967, 89-43-7726, NARA.
p. 279: “jackal[s] for the CIA”: From Hall’s testimony before the House Select Committee, Executive Session testimony of Loran Hall, October 5 and October 6, 1977, HSCA 014660 and 014661, 180-10117- 10026, NARA.
p. 279: Jim Garrison interviews Loran Hall: May 6, 1968, transcribed May 8, 1968, NODA, NARA; or HSCA 002171.
p. 279: “you can make a great contribution”: Jim Garrison to Loran Hall, January 29, 1968, NODA, NARA.
p. 279: Hall in Cuba: CIA document shared with FBI: 104- 10103-10303, 80T01357A, August 14, 1964, Loran Eugene Hall.
p. 279: but not the conspiracy: Interview with Stephen Jaffe, June 15, 1999.
p. 280: Crockett denies he had the 30.06 Johnson in his possession on November 22nd: Memo 5/11/76 To: Dave Marston, From: Gaeton Fonzi.
p. 280: José Duarte: See Dispatch. Chief, WOMUSE. Chief, WH Division. From: Chief of Station, Mexico City. Subject: RYBAT/MHCHAOS/ Revolutionary Guerrilla Training in Mexico. For Willard C. Curtis. HMMA 36214.
p. 280: “the big man”: Skip L. E. Hall to Lou Ivon, July 15, 1968, NODA, NARA.
p. 280: statement exonerating Hall: “Hall Cleared by DA’s Office,” Times- Picayune, May 11, 1968, section 1, p. 8.
p. 280: Howard had been involved. Memo of Conversation with Manolo Aguilar, June 5, 1968, Sgt. Guz Zenoz of the Miami Police Force as interpreter.
p. 280: “not only rehearsed”: Memorandum, To: Cliff Fenton, From: William K. Triplett, Martin J. Daly, August 26, 1977, Re: Interview of Loran Eugene Hall, HSCA 002154.
p. 280: “If I had to swim”: Interview with L. J. Delsa, March 7, 2002.
p. 281: “quarters and canned goods”: Dear Mr. Boxley, from Carol (Aydelotte). “Wednesday,” NARA.
p. 281: Richard Magison’s testimony about Lawrence Howard: HSCA, To: Kenneth D. Klein, From: Robert K. Tanenbaum, April 11, 1977, Re: March 29, 1977. Memo to me from Donovan Gay in regard to Mr. Magison testimony as JFK witness, Statement of Richard Magison, NARA. See also Memorandum, To: Robert K. Tanenbaum, From: Kenneth D. Klein, Date: May 24, 1977, Re: Interview of Richard Magison, HSCA 001468.
p. 281: “work was disrupted”: Interview of Lawrence Howard with Jim Garrison, February 25, 1968. See also Memorandum, To Jim Garrison, From: Stephen J. Burton, Subject: Interview of Lawrence Howard.
p. 281: “I was right on the job”: Lawrence Howard testimony in Executive Session before the House Select Committee on Assassinat
ions, June 1, 1978, 180-10105-10334, 014029.
p. 282: “I think Howard took a shot”: Undated taped telephone conversation of Harry Dean, who has called Garrison’s office. Dean is referred to as “man”. His interviewer is “W”. Available in Box 6, folder 35A. Papers of Richard N. Billings. Georgetown University, Washington, DC.
p. 282: “personal friends” of David Ferrie: Perry Russo interview with Jack N. Rogers, June 10, 1967, Papers of Jack N. Rogers.
p. 282: had taken to the road: Interview with Thomas Edward Beckham, August 29, 2002. This history of Thomas Edward Beckham is based in part on interviews with Thomas Edward Beckham, March 30th and 31st and April 3, 2002.
p. 282: Beckham and Crisman in business: This research was done by Edd A. Jeffords of the Tacoma News Tribune and passed on to James Alcock.
p. 282: Information about Herman Keck: Interview with Thomas Edward Beckham, June 5, 2005.
p. 283: Crisman showed his identification: Interview with Thomas Edward Beckham, February 1, 2003.
p. 283: CIA consults Lt. Col. Lowrie [sic]: From: Director, CIA to JMBAR, Title: Cable Re Interest in Acquiring Items, September 12, 1966, 104-10167-10406, JFK64- 6:F14 1998.02.05.17:31:59:826031, NARA. JMBAR refers to CIA Maritime Covert Operations run out of Key West. The same cryptonym was also at times used for maritime covert operations out of New Orleans.
p. 284: Colonel Lawrence Lowry answers an advertisement: Interview with Colonel Lowry, October 6, 2002.
p. 284: he writes to the Reverend Raymond Broshears: July 6, 1968, NODA, NARA.
p. 284: The Inspector General investigates Lt. Colonel Lowry and Thomas Edward Beckham: USAF, From: Oullette, Paul A., January 12, 1968, FBI 124-10031-10197, HQ, 62- 109060-6176, NARA, courtesy of Larry Haapanen.
p. 285: Ross Buckley and Thornley and Brady: Memorandum, March 6, 1968, To: Louis Ivon, From: Gary Sanders, Re: Jack Frazier— Owner of Ryder Coffee House, NODA, NARA.
p. 285: “Fair Cuba Committee”: FBI AIRTEL, March 3, 1967, To: Director, FBI, From: SAC, New Orleans, 124-10253-10075, 89-69-1568, NARA.
p. 286: Jim Garrison searches for Thomas Edward Beckham: Memorandum, February 15, 1967, To: Lewis [sic] Ivon, From: Kent A. Simms, Re: Attempt to Locate One Thomas Edward Beckham, NODA, NARA.
p. 286: “CIA in Omaha?” “JFK and the CIA,” Notes of Michael F. Starr, courtesy of Mr. Starr.
p. 286: When will he be back? Interview with Michael F. Starr, August 25, 2002.
CHAPTER 18
p. 287, Epigraph: “This is going to be a test of whether we really have justice”: Jim Garrison tape transcript of press conference, December 11, 1968, available in Investigative Report, December 18, 1968, MCC.
p. 288: “late last year”: “Witnesses Called in JFK Plot Probe, Times-Picayune, December 20, 1967, p. 10.
p. 288: Beckham and his brother are CIA agents: FBI 100-number illegible, February 7, 1968. August 15, 2002 release.
p. 288: Lewis raced over to Tulane and Broad with the news: Memorandum, February 16, 1968, To: Jim Garrison, From: Tom Bethell, Re: David Lewis and Thomas Edward Beckham, NODA, NARA.
p. 288: “we’ve got it covered”: Interview with Thomas Edward Beckham.
p. 288: Grand jury: Grand jury testimony of Thomas Edward Beckham, February 15, 1968, AARC.
p. 289: the “German ship” with narcotics: See “Cuba Is Seeking Judgment Void,” Times-Picayune, April 12, 1962, section 2, p. 23; “Ship Line Sues Cuban Republic,” Times-Picayune, November 16, 1962, section 1, p. 10.
p. 289: Beckham visited Eugene Davis three days before his grand jury testimony: Memorandum, February 12, 1968, To: Jim Garrison, From: Andrew J. Sciambra, Re: Gene Davis, NODA, NARA.
p. 289: Burnes’ skepticism: Burnes didn’t believe they had enough evidence: Interview with William Alford, May 28, 1998. Malpractice insurance: see interview with Alford, May 28, 1998.
p. 289: Sprague thinks Crisman is one of the tramps: “The old felt hat tramp . . . is Fred Lee Crisman”: Richard E. Sprague to Fred Newcomb, January 9, 1969; Gary Schoener to Vincent Salandria, January 9, 1969. Larry Haapanen later established that Crisman had an airtight alibi for November 22nd; three of his colleagues at Cascade Union High School, where he was teaching, said he was there that day.
p. 289: ten hundred dollar bills: Interview of William C. Wood, a/k/a Bill Boxley by George E. Rennar, August 30, 1971, AARC.
p. 289: Jim Rose in Tacoma: November 3, 1968, To: Chess Player, From: Rosalie, Subject: World Wide Advertising, NODA, NARA. See also “Watch Out for World Wide Advertising,” transcription of notes by Better Business Bureau secretary, June 11, 1968, NODA. See also: Memorandum, June 14, 1968, To: Jim Garrison, From: William Boxley, NODA, NARA. Asked how he broke into Crisman’s office, Rose said he just unscrewed the door, Jim Garrison said at the New Orleans conference, September 1968.
p. 290: Crisman is fired: “Teacher Hits Back in Cascade firing,” Salem Statesman, April 21, 1966; “Fired teacher will Appeal Case,” March 11, 1966.
p. 290: Crisman has been called because he knew Beckham: “JFK Plot Probe Subpoena Issued” by Clarence Doucet. Times-Picayune, November 1, 1968, section 1, p. 1.
p. 290: there was a conspiracy: “There Was Conspiracy, Crisman Believes” by Jack Wilkins. Tacoma News Tribune, November 2, 1968, NODA, NARA.
p. 290: Crisman grand jury: Fred Lee Crisman Grand Jury Testimony, November 21, 1968, AARC.
p. 290: “bizarre cluster of ‘Old Church’ evangelical sects”: To: Jonathan Blackmer, From: Jim Garrison, Re: Thomas E. Beckham, July 18, 1977, NARA.
p. 290: Joseph Newbrough applied to become a priest: James P. Dees to Joseph S. Newbrough Jr., August 4, 1966, NARA.
p. 290: “real courage”: Archbishop Walter M. Propheta to Hon. James Garrison, September 12, 1967, NODA, NARA.
p. 290: Abundant Life Temple: Boxley was sent to Dallas: Memorandum: To: Jim Garrison, From: Wm. C. Boxley, 15 September 1967, NODA, NARA.
p. 291: “as a patsy”: The Rev. Thomas A. Fairbanks to Harold Weisberg, January 9, 1969.
p. 291: “ordained” an Oswald double: Thomas A. Fairbanks to Bernard Fensterwald, July 5, 1977, AARC.
p. 291: “a Fagin to the Artful Dodger”: Jim Garrison to Jonathan Blackmer, July 18, 1977, Re: Thomas E. Beckham, NARA.
p. 291: such churches had been utilized by O.S.S.: Jim Garrison, Coup D’Etat, page 18 of 8.
p. 291: breakfast meeting: Verbatim record by Fred Hammond, New Director, WWL radio, New Orleans, courtesy of Investigative Report, March 21, 1968, MCC.
p. 291: Hoover arranges that his award be presented on Friday: FBI, To: Mr. Bishop, From: M. A. Jones, March 18, 1968, 124-10031- 10385, 62-109060-1st NR (94-43857- 860), 6268, NARA.
p. 291: what would Garrison say: Interview with Numa Bertel, May 19, 1998.
p. 292: “French and Spanish influence”: Jim Garrison interviewed by Zachary Sklar for the JFK screenplay. Courtesy of Mr. Sklar.
p. 292: the activities of Lyndon Johnson: Press Release District Attorney, Orleans Parish, March 16, 1968, NODA, NARA.
p. 292: “there will be no banquet”: See “Garrison Stops D.A. Banquet,” Times- Picayune, March 17, 1968, section 1, p. 1.
p. 292: Blakey stood by in silence while Miranda v. Arizona was attacked: “Crime May Top War—Governor,” Times-Picayune, March 14, 1968, section 1, p. 5.
p. 292: “You can sue me in federal court”: Interview with Martin F. Dardis, January 3, 2001. Dardis attended with Richard Gerstein.
p. 292: “you can’t do that”: Interview with Liz Garrison, May 28, 1998.
p. 292: “How many witnesses have you intimidated?” Depositions for Civil Action NO. 68-1063 are available at NARA. See U.S. District Court Eastern District of Louisiana, New Orleans Division, Clay L. Shaw, Plaintiff versus Jim Garrison individually, and as District Attorney for the Parish of Orleans. Ward and Alcock are also named, Civil Action, NO. 68- 1063, section B, June 13, 1968.
p. 292: list of potential witnesses: Bethell collects the addresses of potentia
l Dealey Plaza witnesses: See Memorandum, September 1, 1967, To: Tom Bethell, From: Richard V. Burnes; Memorandum, September 7, 1967, To: Richard V. Burnes, From: T. Bethell, Re: Dealey Plaza Witnesses, NODA, NARA.
p. 292: a volunteer named Jim Brown: See Jim Brown to Mr. Bethell, June 26, 1968, NODA, NARA.
p. 293: a memorandum of the trial witnesses: Memorandum, June 27, 1968, To: Jim Garrison and James L. Alcock, From: Tom Bethell, Re: Clay Shaw Case, NODA, NARA.
p. 293: Bethell confesses: “I gave Panzeca a copy of the trial file”: Memorandum, May 6, 1969, To: Jim Garrison, From: Louis Ivon, Re: Confession of THOMAS BETHELL, NODA, NARA. See also Affidavit of Mr. Thomas Bethell, State of Louisiana, Parish of Orleans, January 16, 1969. The witness is Louis Ivon.
p. 293: Jim Rose goes to Mexico City: Interview with Jim Rose, June 13, 1999; interviews with William W. Turner; interview with Stephen Jaffe. Turner describes the incident from Rose’s point of view in Rear View Mirror: Looking Back at the FBI, the CIA and Other Tails (Granite Bay, CA: Penmarin Books, 2001).
p. 293: Rose meets two young women: Memo from Schoener on Nagell, Re: New Info in case of Richard Case Nagell, NODA, NARA.
p. 293: the person who fi- nanced the assassination: “The Gall of Gordon,” Newsweek, February 5, 1968, p. 84.
p. 293: Farewell America: James Hepburn, Farewell America (Verviers, Belgium: Frontiers, 1968).
p. 294: Garrison requested the documentation, “any background material”: Jim Garrison to Frontiers, May 10, 1968, NOPL.
p. 294: Herve Lamarre: Meeting with Representative of French Deuxième Bureau, June 21, 1968, Club Kama, Rue Dauphine, Stephen Jaffe, NODA, NARA. See also Jaffe memo, “Origin of the Book— The Plot by James Hepburn.”
p. 294: Rothermel sent off the documents: See Paul Rothermel to J. Gordon Shanklin, January 6, 1969, an August 16, 2002 CIA release. The copy to Earle Cabell went out on the same day.