by Timothy Egan
Copperheads, 213, 290–91
Corby, William
at Antietam, 224
on burials in Seven Days Battles, 210
on deserters, 233
at Fredericksburg, 239–40
on Fredericksburg, 244
on Libby Meagher, 229
on Meagher, 197–98
return of to Notre Dame, 266
on steeplechase, 202
on St. Patrick’s Day festival, 248–49
Corcoran, Michael, 135–36, 171
captured, 184, 185, 189
in Civil War, 175
in Confederate prison, 201
first actions, 180–88
released from prison, 230
death of, 258–59
in Fenians, 258
refusal of to march in parade, 167–68
Cork, Ireland, food riots, 41–42
Costa Rica, 168
Costigan, Giovanni, 9
cotton gin, 165–66
Couchet, Frenchy, 296
Cover, Thomas, 300
Cromwell, Oliver, 4, 5, 9–10, 12, 71
Crow, 289
Currier and Ives, 205, 213
Custis, Martha, 199
D
Daly, Charles P., 135
Daly, Marcus, 309
Daniels, James B., 283–86, 284, 298
Darwin, Charles, 94
Davis, Jefferson, 171
on Emancipation Proclamation, 227, 231
on Fort Sumter, 173
imprisoned, 265
Lee appointed by, 206–7
peace rejected by, 259
Davis, Thomas, 27–28, 34, 69
Death Feast, 240–41, 245–46, 248
Declaration of Independence, 15–16, 143, 161
Delmonico’s, 173, 245
Democratic Party, 143
Copperheads, 213, 290
on Emancipation Proclamation, 227, 242–43
on equal rights, 261–62
Meagher urged to run for Senate delegate, 301
in presidential campaign of 1856, 162–63, 169–70
in presidential campaign of 1860, 261
Denison, William, 92–93
Balfe and, 109–10
crackdown by, 116
on Meagher’s escape, 119
newspaper campaign against, 109
removed from Tasmania, 127
response of to escape attempts, 101
against self-government, 114–15
on Smith O’Brien, 96–97
Young Irelanders punished by, 107–8
De Smet, Pierre-Jean, 142, 282
Diamond, Frank, 313–14
Dickens, Charles, 132, 133
“Die Is Cast, The” (Speranza), 69, 78
Dillon, John Blake, 69–70, 71, 79–80, 135–36
Dimsdale, Thomas J., 271, 278, 280, 291
Doggett’s Directory, 134
Donovan, John, 213, 219
Doran, John, xi–xii, xv, 303–5, 313
Douglas, Stephen, 161, 169–70
Douglass, Frederick
on Emancipation Proclamation, 244–45
in Ireland, 33
on the Irish as slaves, 147
on Irish attitudes toward slavery, 166–67
draft riots, 250–55
Dred Scott decision, 160–61, 169
Drogheda, Ireland, 9–10
Dublin
English power around, 7
English troops in, 27
habeas corpus suspended in, 294
Kennedy in, 315, 317–19
Meagher’s law studies in, 26–27, 29
rebellion squelched in, 59–60
Dublin Citizen, 200
Duffy, Charles Gavan, 30
arrested, 45–46, 69
charged with treason, 69
on the famine, 58
later life of, 316
on Meagher, 47–48, 62
Mitchel and, 43
on Mitchel and slavery, 147
trial of, 78, 86
Duffy, Felix, 226
E
Easter Rising, 317–18
Edgerton, Sidney, 274–75, 276–77
Edling, Dr., 246–47
Egan, John Joseph, 45
Egan, Tom, 112
Elgee, Jane Francesca. See Speranza (Jane Francesca Elgee)
Elizabeth I, queen of England, 4, 19
Elizabeth Thompson (ship), 115, 120, 126–27, 134
Ely, Albert, 185
Emancipation Proclamation, 217–18, 242–43, 244–45
responses to, 227, 231–32, 244–45
Emmet, Robert, 74–75, 212, 318
Emmet, Temple, 212, 220
Endeavour, HMS, 89
England
imperialism of, 20–22
Irish oppression under, 3–16, 20–22
Irish self-rule and, 317–18
response of to famine, 36–47, 49–55
slavery abolished in, 20, 231–32
in U.S. Civil War, 193, 217–18, 231–32
Young Ireland convicts pardoned by, 148–49
English Chartists, 56
Enlightenment, 12
“Escape of Meagher, The” (song), 138
Evening Mail, 73
“Exodus, The” (Speranza), 57
F
Fair Oaks, Battle of, 202–6, 215
Famine. See Great Hunger
“Famine Year, The” (Speranza), 61
Fenian Brotherhood, 167, 266
Canada invasion by, 271–72, 294
English infiltrators in, 294
Irish rebellion by, 317–18
Meagher in, 257–59, 272
in Montana, 279–80
Fetterman, William, 300
Fillmore, Millard, 100, 138, 163
Fisk, James L., 268
Fitzgerald, Silken Thomas, 7
Fordham College, 140
Forster, William, 42
Fort Benton, Montana, xi–xv, 289–90, 299–303
Fort Corcoran, 178
Fort Monroe, 265
Fort Phil Kearny, 300
Fort Schuyler, 194, 195
Fort Sumter, 172–74
Four Years of Irish History (Duffy), 316
France
anti-Catholicism in, 70
Meagher’s trip to, 60–61
rebellion in, 58–59
Franklin, Benjamin, 318
Fredericksburg, Battle of, 234–40, 245, 246, 279, 318–19
Freeman’s Journal, 151–52
Freemasons, 280–81, 296, 310–11
Frémont, John C., 190
French, William, 201
Fugitive Slave Act (U.S.), 147
G
Gardeners’ Chronicle, 33
Gardner, Henry, 151
G. A. Thompson (steamboat), xi–xii, 303–5, 312–13
George III, king of England, 89
Gettysburg, Battle of, 252
gold
in Montana, 268–69
transportation affected by, 124–26
Goones, J. L., 296
Grant, Ulysses S., 199, 200–201, 229, 257, 260, 265
Great Hunger, 37–48, 73, 144
blamed on the Irish, 53–54
British response to, 36–47, 49–55
curfew in, 52
death rate in, 39, 57
declared over, 66
emigration during, 57, 80–81, 87–88
evictions and, 38–39
food exports during, 35, 37–47, 53–54, 58
food relief in, 40–44, 45–46, 49–50, 55
food riots in, 41–42, 57
laissez faire economics and, 40–44, 51
linked to U.S. Civil War, 192–93
living conditions in, 53
Meagher on, 164–65
orphans of sent to Australia, 57–58
as population control, 42–43
rebellion undermined by, 70
soup kitchens, 50, 55
Great Plague of London, 37
&
nbsp; Great Salt Lake, 269, 272
Greeley, Horace, 99, 165, 187
Green-Wood Cemetery, 319
Grey, Earl (George), 92, 102, 105
Griffin, Gerald, 304
Griffith, Arthur, 35
H
habeas corpus
Confederate suspension of, 199
suspended in Ireland, 21–22, 68, 70, 78, 294
Haggerty, James, 182–83, 189, 210, 213
Hall, Edward, 103–5
Hancock, John, 250
Harpers Ferry, West Virginia, 160, 229
Harper’s Weekly, 167, 255, 296, 297
Hearn, Francis, 4, 284–85
Hedges, Cornelius, 273–74
Heisler, Henry Clay, 240
Helena, Montana, 282
Henry, Judith, 183
Henry II, king of England, 5
Henry VIII, king of England, 5, 8
Hibernia. See Ireland
History of Montana, A (Sanders), 310–11
HMS Endeavour, 89
Hobart Town, Tasmania, 92
Hobart Town Guardian, 121
Homestead Act (U.S.), 216, 269
Hong Kong, in British Empire, 20
Hooker, Joe, 222–23, 239–40, 247, 248–50
hooligan, 167
Horgan, William, 242, 244
Hosmer, Hezekiah, 277–78
Howard, Jack, 278
Howard, Katherine, 8
Hughes, John (Archbishop), 133–34, 135
on Civil War, 217
on draft riots, 255
on Emancipation Proclamation, 227
in Fredericksburg Requiem Mass, 245
on slavery, 165
in Townsend-Meagher wedding, 159
Hughes, Robert, 90
hurling, 3, 12, 56, 190
I
Illustrated London News, 39, 50
India, in British Empire, 20
Industrial Revolution, 20
Innisfallen, Abbey of, 97–98
Ireland
Act of Settlement, 10
Act of Union, 20–22, 24–26
Easter Rising in, 317–18
education in, 3, 11, 17, 23
emigration from, 80–81, 87–88, 131, 134
English oppression in, 3–16, 20–22, 108–9
English troops in, 4, 9, 24, 27, 38, 51, 55, 58, 59, 294
famine in, 36–47
flag of, 61–62, 319
food exported from, 37–47, 53–54, 58
food riots, 41–42, 57
Great Hunger in, 37–55, 73, 80–88, 144
informants in, 11–12, 54–55, 59, 63, 72, 109–10
Kennedy in, 315, 317–19
land confiscation in, 8–10, 12
land evictions in, 38–39, 51
living conditions in, 11, 12–13, 31–32, 33–34, 53–54
martial law in, 68
the Pale in, 7, 14–15
Parliament abolished in, 20–21
Penal Laws, 10–12, 13–14, 20, 24
population of, 21, 23–24, 42–43, 57, 80, 144
potato blight, 31–34, 36–37, 73
potato introduced to, 12–13
Romans on, 6
siege of Drogheda, 9–10
Statutes of Kilkenny in, 6–7, 10
Treason Felony Act, 62
Vikings in, 4, 5, 26
workhouses in, 49
Young Ireland movement, 29–31
Irish American, 135, 256–57
commemorative poem in, 306–7
on Meagher’s escape, 137–38
Irish Brigade, xii
at Antietam, 220–27, 224
boxwood sprigs worn by, 237–38
casualties in, 212, 219, 224, 224, 226–27, 239–40, 252, 265–66
at Chancellorsville, 249–50
Christmas leave for, 244–45
command of, 196–97
creation of, 190–92
Currier and Ives print of, 205, 213
deserters, 233
at Fair Oaks, 202–6
final battle of, 249–50
at Fredericksburg, 234–40, 279
at Gettysburg, 252
headquarters attacked in draft riots, 253
Kennedy on, 318–19
leave requested for, 247–48
McClellan on, 232–33
Meagher’s arguments for, 192–95, 245–46
at Meagher’s memorial, 307
Meagher’s sorrow over, 257–59
Pennsylvania unit in, 230
promotions denied to, 246
recruitment for, 190–95, 213–20
reputation of, 219, 278–79
in Richmond, 199
in Seven Days Battles, 208–12
superstitions in, 222
29th Massachusetts and, 207
Irish Citizen, 147
Irish Confederation, 51–52, 54, 61
lack of weapons in, 70–71
Meagher recruiting for, 56, 58–62
uprising by, 63–64
Irish Directory, 140, 146
Irishman, 256
Irish News, 163
Irish people. See also Irish Brigade
assimilation resisted by, 6–7, 10–12
attitudes toward blacks, 161–62, 165, 170, 217–18, 252, 253, 261
attitudes toward the Civil War, 213–14, 244
in the Civil War, xii–xiii
as Democrats, 143, 170
diaspora of, 78, 80–81
in draft riots, 250–55
enslaved, 88
escape efforts by for Young Ireland leaders, 99–101
extermination attempts on, 9–10
Kennedy on, 318–19
living conditions for, 12–13, 31–32, 33, 53–54
loyalty of questioned in America, 167–68
Meagher on, 292–94
nativist attacks against, 141–43
in Newfoundland, 13
New Ireland for, 268–86
in New York City, 131–34
oppression of in Ireland, 3–16
rebellions by, 7, 9, 15–16, 54, 65–66
reputation of in America, 133, 167, 255
on slavery, 165
transported, 85, 90
J
Jackson, Thomas J. “Stonewall,” 185
at Antietam, 222–23
at Bull Run, 183, 187
death of, 249–50
in Seven Days Battles, 208–9
“Jacta Alea Est” (Speranza), 69, 78
“Jail Journal” (Mitchel), 63
Jefferson, Thomas, 15, 16, 46, 165
Johnson, Andrew, 270, 298
Johnson, Leander, 296
Johnson, William, 22–23
Johnston, Joseph E., 206–7
Jones, William, 252
Jones’s Woods gathering, 190–92, 196
Juke, James H., 36
K
Kavanagh, John J., 201–2, 222, 225
Kavanagh, Patrick, 72
Kearney Cross, 252–53
Kelly, Eva Anne, 98, 107, 148, 158, 361
Kelly, James, 226
Kelly, Patrick, 246, 252
Kennedy, John, 251
Kennedy, John F., 80, 315, 317–19
Kennedy, Patrick, 315
Kilkenny, Ireland, 67–71
Kilmainham Gaol, 74–75, 317
King Lear (Shakespeare), 22–23
Kirby, Con, 283
Kleindeutschland, 131
Know-Nothings, 136
attacks against the Irish, 141–43
attacks on Meagher, 150–51
in Boston, 193
Meagher on, 193–94, 293–94
Mitchel on, 147
in presidential campaign of 1856, 162–63
on removal of Irish children, 163
revival of, 255
Kuppens, Xavier, 282–83
L
laissez faire economics, 40–44, 51
Lamartine, Alphonse de, 58–59, 60–61