The Extinction Series | Book 8 | Primordial Earth 8

by Higgins, Baileigh

WEBSITE: www.baileighhiggins.com

  Glossary

  Primordial Earth (Book - 8) – Glossary

  Glossary terms are listed in alphabetical order and without reference to their locations within the book.

  Generally speaking, physical location references are not listed in the Glossary.

  Measurements are provided in both metric and US/Imperial units.

  Achelousaurus - is a genus of centrosaurine ceratopsid dinosaur that lived during the Late Cretaceous Period. The generic name means “Achelous lizard”, in reference to the Greek deity Achelous. It walked on all fours, had a short tail and a large head with a hooked beak. It had a bony neck-frill at the rear of the skull, which sported a pair of long spikes, which curved towards the outside. Estimated size 6 m (20 ft) long with a weight of 3 tons. (Wikipedia)

  Alamosaurus – A genus of sauropod dinosaurs containing just one species that lived in the late Cretaceous period. (See Cretaceous.) Specimens suggest they could measure up to 30 meters (98 feet) in length and weigh as much as 79 metric tons (88 tons). For comparison, the largest living land animal in the present day is the African elephant, which can weigh up to 6.3 metric tons (7 tons). (Wikipedia.)

  Albertosaurus – A genus of tyrannosaurid dinosaurs that lived in the late Cretaceous period. (See Cretaceous.) Specimens suggest they could measure up to 10 meters (33 feet) in length and weigh as much as 2.5 metric tons (2.8 tons). (Wikipedia.)

  Ankylosaurus – A genus of armored dinosaurs that lived at the very end of the Cretaceous period. (See Cretaceous.) Specimens suggest they could measure up to 10.6 meters (35 feet) in length and weigh as much as 5.9 metric tons (6.5 tons). (Wikipedia.)

  Ballistae – Plural form of the ballista, an ancient weapon that hurled large stones, javelins, or bolts. The weapon dates back to the 4th century BC in Greece. (Wikipedia.)

  Bambiraptor – A carnivorous dinosaur that lived in the late Cretaceous period. (See Cretaceous.) The estimated size for an adult would measure 1.3 meters (4.3 feet) in length and weigh 5 kilograms (11 pounds). (Wikipedia.)

  Brachylophosaurus – A genus of hadrosaur dinosaurs that lived in the late Cretaceous period. (See Cretaceous.) Estimates suggest that an adult could measure at least 9 to 11 meters (29 to 36 feet) in length and weigh as much as 7 metric tons (7.7 tons). (Wikipedia.)

  Carnotaurus - was a lightly built, bipedal predator, measuring 7.5 to 9 m (24.6 to 29.5 ft) in length and weighing at least 1.35 metric tons (1.33 long tons; 1.49 short tons). As a theropod, Carnotaurus was highly specialized and distinctive. It had thick horns above the eyes, a feature unseen in all other carnivorous dinosaurs, and a very deep skull sitting on a muscular neck. (See Cretaceous.) (Wikipedia.)

  Clidastes – A genus of large carnivorous marine lizards called mosasaurs. An average size specimen could measure 2 to 4 meters (6.5 to 13 feet). A large one could be 6 meters (19.6 feet). It existed in the late Cretaceous period. (See Cretaceous.) (Wikipedia.)

  Cretaceous – The Cretaceous period is defined as beginning 145 million years ago (mya) and lasting until approximately 66 mya. (Wikipedia.)

  Dryptosaurus - Pronunciation: drip-toe-SORE-us, Name meaning: ‘tearing lizard’ Dryptosaurus is a genus of tyrannosauroid that lived approximately 67 million years ago during the latter part of the Cretaceous period in what is now New Jersey. Dryptosaurus was a large, bipedal, ground-dwelling carnivore that could grow up to 7.5 m long. Estimated Mass: 1 500 kg (See Cretaceous) (Wikipedia)

  Gorgosaurus - GOR-gə-SOR-əs; meaning “dreadful lizard”) is a genus of tyrannosaurid theropod dinosaur that lived in western North America during the Late Cretaceous Period (Campanian), between about 76.6 and 75.1 million years ago. (See Cretaceous) Like most known tyrannosaurids, Gorgosaurus was a bipedal predator weighing more than two metric tons as an adult; dozens of large, sharp teeth lined its jaws, while its two-fingered forelimbs were comparatively small. (See Cretaceous) (Wikipedia)

  Kalama city - Kalama is a city in Cowlitz County, Washington, United States. It is part of the Longview, Washington Metropolitan Statistical Area. General J.W. Sprague of the Northern Pacific Railroad named the town in 1871 for the Indian word calama, meaning pretty maiden. It’s situated on the mouth of the Kalama river which flows into the Columbia. (Wikipedia)

  Lambeosaurus – A genus of hadrosaurid herbivore dinosaurs that lived in the late Cretaceous period. (See Cretaceous) These dinosaurs had duckbills and could feed on trees as high as 4 meters (13 feet). (Wikipedia.)

  mya – an acronym for “million years ago,” also “m.y.a,” used in astronomy, geology, and paleontology. (Wikipedia)

  Nyctosaurus – A genus of nyctosaurid pterodactyloid pterosaur that lived in the late Cretaceous period. An adult could have a wingspan of 2 meters (6.5 feet). Compared to terrestrial dinosaurs, Nyctosaurus were small-bodied and weighed less than 2 kilograms (4.4 pounds). (See Cretaceous.) (Wikipedia.)

  Prime City - A settlement of survivors that formed around the former Prime hotel, owned and run by the self-proclaimed Senator Douglas. He used the Watch to patrol the walls and keep the people in line.

  Parasaurolophus - Pronounced pa-ra-saw-ROL-off-us. A genus of ornithopod dinosaur from the Upper Cretaceous of what is now North America, about 76.5–73 million years ago. Its name means “near crested lizard.” (See Cretaceous) Length: 11.0m Weight: 3500kg (Wikipedia)

  Parksosaurus - A genus of hypsilophodont ornithopod dinosaur from the early Maastrichtian-age Upper Cretaceous. A small, bipedal, herbivorous dinosaur. (See Cretaceous) Length: 2,5 m (Estimated) Height: 100 cm Mass: 45 kg (Estimated) (Wikipedia)

  Pteranodon (genus Pteranodon), flying reptile (pterosaur) found as fossils in North American deposits dating from about 90 million to 100 million years ago during the Late Cretaceous Period. (See Cretaceous) Pteranodon had a wingspan of 7 meters (23 feet) or more, and its toothless jaws were very long and pelican-like. (The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica)

  Pterosaur – Pronounced “tero saur.” Science considers pterosaurs to be flying lizards that are distinct from dinosaurs. There are many different species. Pterosaurs existed from the late Triassic to the end of the Cretaceous period. (See Triassic.) (See Cretaceous.) (Wikipedia.)

  Shanghai Tunnels, Portland, Oregon - also known as the Old Portland Underground, is a group of passages mainly underneath the Old Town Chinatown neighborhood. The tunnels connected the basements of many hotels and taverns to the waterfront of the Willamette River. There is documentation in the newspapers of the 19th century of tunnels and secret passages underground. Organized crime was the center of many of these stories. However, many of the more colorful stories claimed for the underground are controversial. Historians have stated that although the tunnels exist and the practice of shanghaiing was sometimes practiced in Portland, as elsewhere, there is no evidence that the tunnels were used for this.

  Stegoceras - is a genus of pachycephalosaurid dinosaur that lived in what is now North America during the Late Cretaceous period, about 77.5 to 74 million years ago. (See Cretaceous) The first specimens from Alberta, Canada, were described in 1902, and the type species Stegoceras validum was based on these remains. (Wikipedia) Height: 1,2 m Length: 2 – 2,5 m Mass: 10 – 40 kg.

  Spinosaurus, which was longer and heavier than Tyrannosaurus, is the largest known carnivorous dinosaur. It possessed a skull 1.75 meters (roughly 6 feet) long, a body length of 14–18 meters (46–59 feet), and an estimated mass of 12,000–20,000 kg (13–22 tons). Like other spinosaurids, Spinosaurus possessed a long, narrow skull resembling that of a crocodile and nostrils near the eyes instead of the end of the snout. Its teeth were straight and conical instead of curved and bladelike as in other theropods. (Brittanica)

  Quetzalcoatlus – Pronounced “ket suhl kow at luhs.” A genus of pterosaurs. Triassic – The Triassic period is defined as beginning approx 251 mya) and lasting until approximately 202 mya. (Wikipedia.)

  Triceratops - a genus of herbivorous ceratopsid dinosaur that first appeared during the late Maast
richtian stage of the Late Cretaceous period, about 68 million years ago (mya). It is one of the most recognizable of all dinosaurs and the best-known ceratopsid. It was also one of the largest, up to 9 meters (29.5 feet) long and 12 tonnes (13.2 tons) in weight. (See Cretaceous) (Wikipedia.)

  Troodon - Meaning - Troodon means “wounding tooth” and is pronounced - TROH-o-don. Length - 6.5-11.5 ft (2-3.5 m) long. Height - 3 ft (1 m) tall at the hips. Weight - 110 pounds (50 kg). Troodon may have been the smartest dinosaur, having the largest brain in proportion to its body weight (as smart as a modern bird). It was a fast-moving, light-weight predator that walked on two long legs. It had serrated teeth, long, slim jaws, and a stiff tail. (https://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/dinosaurs/facts/Troodon/)

  Tyrannosaurus rex – A bipedal carnivorous theropod dinosaur that lived in the late Cretaceous period. These dinosaurs could grow to lengths over 12.3 meters (40 feet) and up to 3.66 meters (12 feet) tall at the hips with a weight of 14 metric tons (15.4 tons). (See Cretaceous) (Wikipedia.)

  Utahraptor (meaning Utah’s predator) is a genus of large dromaeosaurid dinosaur that lived in North America during the Early Cretaceous period. It was a heavy-built, ground-dwelling, bipedal carnivore. Height: 1,8 – 2 m (At the hips), Length: 5 – 7 m, Mass: 300 – 1 000 kg (Adult, Estimated) (See Cretaceous) (Wikipedia.)

  Watch – A security and/or law enforcement guard force as described for Prime City in this book.

  Zuniceratops – Pronounced “Zooni ceratops.” A genus of ceratopsian herbivore dinosaurs having two horns and a head frill. It is thought to have been a herd animal. Specimens suggest a length of 3 to 3.5 meters (10 to 11.5 feet) and a weight of 100 to 150 kilograms (220 to 330 pounds). Height at the hips was approximately 1 meter (3 feet). (See Cretaceous) (Wikipedia.)

  The Zoo - A second settlement of survivors who’d made their home inside the old Portland Zoo. Because they were denied entry into Prime City directly after the Shift, they despise all Primes and call themselves the Exiles.

  Special note: While every effort was made to use dinosaurs of the Late Cretaceous Period existing in North America, this remains a work of fiction. Certain creative license was taken in instances where it better served the plot, for example, the Utahraptor.