Zimmerer, K. 2000. The Reworking of Conservation Geographies: Nonequilibrium Land-
scapes and Nature Society Hybrids. Annals of the Association of American Geographers 90 (2): 356–69.
www.ebook3000.com
Index
Adarsh Housing Society scandal, 80, 85–86, 89,
Baltimore Ecosystem Study, 12, 173n42
148, 179n30
Basic Services to the Urban Poor, 163
advocacy: Breathing Space festival, 74–77,
Baviskar, Amita, 14
92; CitiSpace and, 74–77, 92, 178n23; civic
BCIL (Biodiversity Conservation India (Ltd.)):
advocacy, 71; housing advocacy networks,
housing development projects, 1–2, 21,
ix–x; Open Mumbai, 74–77; open space
132 fig. 12; overview of, 1–4; promotional
advocacy, 74; redevelopment and, 84–90;
literature, 1–3
social equity/social justice and, 92–94;
Bharatya Janata Party (BJP), 87
tensions and, 78–79
biodiversity, 36, 63, 91–92, 98, 101–5, 111, 180n16
Agarwal, Anil, 163, 176n11
Biodiversity Conservation India (Ltfd.)(BCIL). See
Ahmed, Mishkat, 44–45
BCIL (Biodiversity Conservation India (Ltd.))
AICTE (All India Council for Technical
biogeochemical processes/systems, 11–12, 47–48,
Education), 20, 175n77
174n69, 176n6(ch3), 182n31
air quality, 37, 55, 91–92
birds, 94–107, 145
All India Council for Technical Education
BJP (Bharatya Janata Party), 87
(AICTE), 20, 175n77
BMC (Bombay Municipal Corporation), 81–86,
Alternative Technology Foundation (ATF), 3, 4
88, 143, 148, 154
American Institute of Architects, 56
Bombay Natural History Society, 99
Anderson, B., 129
Bourdieu, Pierre, 20, 172n27
Anthropocene, xi, 14, 162
Braun, B., 14
APO Tokyo Eco-products Directory, 55
Breathing Space festival, 74–79, 75 fig. 8, 76 fig. 9,
Appadurai, Arjun, 9, 19, 167, 184n7
79, 84, 90, 92
Archaeological Survey of India, 20
BREEAM (Building Research Establishment
architectural firms, 152, 176n17, 183n5, 183n12
Environmental Assessment Method)
Auroville: decentralized water management
metrics, 12, 20, 177n21
systems, 165; DEWATS (decentralized
Brundtland Report, 35, 54
wastewater treatment), 49; founding
Buchli, V., 174n69
of, 51, 110; good design practices, 52–53;
builders: Builders’ Union, 146, 147–48; building
Green Home Technologies, 51. See also Sri
firms, 142, 147; corruption and, 143, 147–48;
Aurobindo Ashram, Tamil Nadu, Auroville
popular image of, 146; status of, 5
197
198 Index
built forms: expected shifts in, 38–39; good
consciousness, 108–32; Auroville study trips,
design practices and, 15; impacts of, 51;
110–11, 116–23; corrupt practices and, 150;
regional y-specific, precolonial, 43; social
Dakshinachitra study site, 112–15; Govardhan
forms and, x, 14–16, 174n69
Ashram and Eco-village, 123–28; identity
Buttel, F., 17
formation and, 19; Mahabalipuram, 115–16;
Marx on, 171n24; overview, 108–9; reference
Cadenasso, M. L., 12
texts, 129–32; Vedic lifestyle and, 111–12
capitalism: casino capitalism, 170n2; global
conservation issues: beach conservation, 178n20;
capitalism, 139, 140; good design and,
coastal degradation, 37; sea level rise, xi;
167–68; green capitalism, 59; indictment of,
Survival at Stake (Udyavar-Yehuda), 36;
139; market growth of, 143; Marx, Karl, 9,
vulture conservation, 94–107
171nn23–24, 174n69
consumption, 38, 140, 143, 170n2
Castree, N., 14
Correa, Charles, 44–45, 86–87, 131
Center for Science and the Environment, 163
corrupt practices, 143, 148–50, 152
Central Arizona-Phoenix Long Term Ecosystem
Coulter, Mary Jane, 119
Study, 12, 173n42
Council of Architecture (CoA), 20, 32–34
Central Zoo Authority, 99
cow protection, 125–28, 181n9
certification: assessment metrics, 12;
cultural issues: cultural identity, 21; cultural
demands for, 151; gold certification, 183n5;
narratives, 17, 21, 172n27; cultural norms,
greenwashing and, 60, 177n21; imperfection
174n68; cultural production, 20; cultural
of, 138; value of in Mumbai, 144. See also
sensitivities, 144; power, 172n27. See also
GRIHA (Green Rating for Integrated
Indian-ness
Housing Assessment); LEED (Leadership in
Curtis, William JR, 131
Energy and Environmental Design)
Chakrabarty, Dipesh, 9, 14
Dakshinachitra, 110, 112–15
Chennai, 108, 110, 112, 141, 150
Dashmukh, Laxmi (pseudonym), 84–90, 146
Chopra, P., 169n2
demand-supply system, 138, 140
Choy, Timothy, 14
Deshpande, Shirish, 57–58, 133
CitiSpace, 74–77, 92, 178n23, 178n25
Design Studio, 136, 138
climate change: global economic change
disturbance concept, 12, 47, 48, 49, 51, 104–5,
and, 139; global environmental awareness
180n14
and, 45, 135; An Inconvenient Truth (2006
Doongerwadi forest, 94–107, 100 fig. 10, 165–66,
documentary), 20, 40–41, 45; Mumbai floods
180n10
of 2005, 135; overview, 20, 40–41; RSIEA’s
Doshi, BV, 132 fig. 12
mission and, 164
drainage control, 91–92
colonial era: coastal ecosystem and, xi; colonial
projects, 174n68; colonial spatial production,
Earth Charter, 54
4; governance, 82, 169n2; Indian elites in,
Earth Summit (Rio de Janiero, 1992), 35
169n2; Indian heritage and, 42, 115, 130;
ecohistory, defined, 119
Mahalaxmi Racecourse, 74; physical form
ecology: defined, 47; ecological ideas sources,
aspects of, xi; political economy effects of,
165; etymology of, 178n28; RSIEA training,
43–44; remedies for, 128; urban traces of, 69
167; of urbanism, 10–11, 22, 180n16
commensurability issues, 31, 34, 176n15
ecology in practice, 133–61; certification, 144–46;
commitment: capitalist commitment, 59; of
commitment and, 160–61; consumption,
environmental architects, 8, 15, 19, 26, 52, 140,
142; corrupt practices, 143, 147–48, 148–50,
150, 160, 163; of faculty, 31–36; maintaining,
151–52; environmental shifts, 135, 136–39;
43, 52; as RSIEA mission, 31, 34–35, 125–26,
incremental change logic, 142; overview, 21;
164; spiritual consciousness of, 111–12, 120
political economy, 134; revolutionary change,
compromises: environmental, 165; in Indian
139–40; RSIEA training and, 146<
br />
architecture, 114; legal compromise, 149–50;
ecosystem ecology: architecture and, 15–16;
of RSIEA environmental architects, 137, 146,
integration of, 12, 16; land reclamation and,
164–65; social, 165
xi; overview, 19; RSIEA curriculum and, 18
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Index 199
ecosystems: defined, 47; processes, 164, 174n69;
global environmental awareness: awareness
urban ecosystems, 12–13
campaigns, 135, 140; climate change and, 45;
efficiency: of energy resources, 48, 55, 118, 142,
historical narratives of, 20, 40–41
145–46; of material resources, 48, 54; of space
global environmental discourses: environmental
resources, 48, 143–44
architect’s mission, 37; global open space
elites, Indian: colonial architecture and, 169n2;
development, 92–93; global political
empowered, 6–7, 9; money power of, 38;
economic patterns, 42–43; power relations
urban development and, 66, 68, 93–95,
and, 138; responsibility, 40–42; sustainability,
115, 144
109; urbanization, 17–19, 168
embodied energy, 52, 55–56
global political shifts, 42–43, 138–39
energy efficiency, 5, 48, 55, 118, 142, 145–46
good design: at Auroville, 52–53; capitalism
environment, defined, 46
and, 167–68; certification, 58–60, 64;
environmental activism, 35–36, 45
characteristics, 146; collective sociality
environmental affinities, 19, 109, 164, 168,
of, 164; defined, 15; as ecology in practice,
175n74, 181n3
40–64, 166; environmental affinities, 19;
environmental architects: compromises, 146; as
environmental architecture as, 40–64;
distinct from architects, 16; environmental
environmental vitality and, 49; global
shift and, 137–38; good design practices,
revolution and, 139; goal of, 49; Indian
167; Indian identity and, 43–45; perception
history of, 130; Indian identity and, 44–45;
of RSIEA training, 135; primary role of, 23;
inspiration for, 184n5; as integrated subject,
rise of, 163; of RSIEA, 168; social movements
31; knowledge frameworks, 31; materials
and, 20; standards and, 177n21; status of, 5;
protocols, 55–56; moral ecology of good
superficial role of, 179n35; survey responses,
design, 163; moral imperatives of, 45, 165;
140; sustainability and, 3; training in
overview, 20–21, 40; program courses, 45–46,
nature, 184n5; training of, 183n12; urban
51–53, 53–54, 56–57, 60; RSIEA curriculum,
environmental change and, 20
46–51; of RSIEA’s environmental architects,
environmental architectural education, x, 14,
167; scalar logics of, 165; sociopolitical
20, 136, 175n77, 175n78. See also RSIEA
implications, 14–16; spiritual focus, 42–44, 51;
(Rachana Sansad Institute of Environmental
stewardship, 41; study trips, 60–62, 63.
Architecture)
See also Indian-ness
environmental design. See green design
Gore, Al, 20, 40–41, 45
Environmental Products Declaration system, 56
Govardhan Ashram and Eco-village:
environmental reflexivity, 130
promotional literature, 111–12; study trips,
environmental shifts, 135–38
44, 111, 123–28, 129 fig. 11, 130; Vedic lifestyle
environmental vitality, 38, 48, 49, 91
at, 123–28; website of, 182n31. See also SBT
experimental architecture, 51
system
government sector: Bharatya Janata Party (BJP),
faculty, 37–39; CoA regulations and, 33–34;
87; colonial era, 82, 169n2; governance
commitment of, 31–36; curriculum revisions,
contests, 167, 175n74, 181n3; government
32–34; integrated subjectivity and, 37–39;
policy changes, 136–37, 138; municipal
Latoo, Dr., 29, 32 fig. 3; sociality of, 35;
government, 148–50, 170n2; private
social-professional networks and, 30–32
sector relationship, 146; state government
fertilizers, 104, 127, 128, 182n31
(Delhi), 148
Floor Space Index (FSI) regulations, 137, 144, 153
green architecture. See green design
flora species, 26, 48, 63, 105, 119
greenbelts, 118–19
forest management, 21, 71–72, 72 fig. 7, 91–92,
Green Cities Movement, 16
118–19, 145, 165–66. See also Doongerwadi
green design: Appadurai on, 19; defined, 15;
forest
future and, 3, 21; global scale of, 42; green
Foucault, Michel, 174n68
expertise, 16; as identity marker, 21; lack
of awareness and, 140; prospects for, 135;
Gaia Hypothesis, 47, 49, 176n6
social y meaningful aspects of, 16; urban
Gieryn, T., 176n8
revolution and, 10–16
200 Index
Green Home Technologies, 51
Heritage, 181n5; Mahabalipuram study site,
green marketing, 1–3, 136, 145–46
115–16; moral ecology and, 45; overview, 21,
Green Rating for Integrated Housing Assessment
108–9; reference texts, 129–32; transnational
(GRIHA). See GRIHA (Green Rating for
architectural discourse and, 45; Vedic
Integrated Housing Assessment)
lifestyle and, 111–12
green spaces, 91–92
industrialization, 143, 167–68
greenwashing, 60, 64
infrastructures: electrical infrastructure, 4;
GRIHA (Green Rating for Integrated Housing
green, 145–46
Assessment): development of, 177n21;
integrated subjectivity, 23–39; in building
imperfection of, 133, 138; incremental change
process, 147; CoA regulations and, 34;
and, 138, 144; standards of, 20; use of, 57, 136
environment as, 91; moral ecology and, 16;
Grundfos Pump Manufacturers, 58–60, 64
RSIEA faculty and, 35–39
International Environment Technology Center, 56
Habitat Summit (Istanbul, 1996), 35
International Institute for a Sustainable
Harvey, David, 8, 180n15
Future, 35
Hilgartner, S., 176n8
International Society for Krishna Consciousness
Hinduism, 44, 116, 125
(ISKON), 111
Hindu nationalism, 44, 109, 181n9
International Union for the Conservation of
histography, architectural, xi, 111–12, 130, 175n78.
Nature, 111
See also Indian-ness
investments, foreign-capital driven
historical narratives: historical reclamation,
speculative, 170n2
43; history-claiming, 21; Indian green
ISKON (International Society for Krishna
architecture and, 19, 67; overview, 19, 20;
Consciousness), 44, 111, 124
power relations and, 125–30; precolonial
history, 111–12, 114–15, 128; understanding
Jasanoff, S., 50
of, 17
Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal
Hobsbawm, E., 129
Mission, 163
homeostasis, 47, 49
Joshi, Ashok, 27–29, 28 fig. 2, 37, 37–39, 46, 49
Hosagrahar, Jyoti, 174n67, 175n77
Housing and Urban Development Corporation, 42
Kathpalia, Nayana, 178n25
housing sector: asymmetrical material wealth,
knowledge, architectural: biodiversity and,
37; gentrification, 170n2; growth in, 5;
180n16; Foucault on, 174n68; hybrid
inadequate housing, 170n2; social experience
knowledge, 16, 50, 56, 60; moral ecology and,
of, xi
16; Paniker on, 175n78; production of, 50
human/nonhuman transformations, 92
human rights concerns, 37
land reclamation, xi, 156, 159–60
Humar, H.D., 47
Latoo, Dr., 29, 32 fig. 3
hybrid knowledge, 16, 50, 56, 60
Latour, B., 50
laws/regulations, 137, 138, 145–47, 149–50, 153,
identity struggles, 109, 130, 175n74, 175n77, 181n3
170n2, 176n6, 177n21
IGBC (Indian Green Building Council), 177n21
LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental
An Inconvenient Truth (2006 documentary), 20,
Design): development of, 177n21; gold
40–41, 45
certification, 58–60; imperfection of, 138; as
incremental change logic, 37–38, 142
marketing gimmick, 144–45; standards of,
incremental design intervention logic, 137–38
20; use of, 135
India Bul s development firm, 4, 168
Lefebvre, H., 13
Indian green architecture, 19, 67
Long Term Ecosystem Research (LTER), 12
Indian Green Building Council (IGBC), 177n21
Lovelock, James, 47, 49, 176n6
Indian-ness, 108–32; Auroville study trips,
110–11, 116–23; Dakshinachitra study site,
Mahabalipuram, 110, 115–16
112–15; Govardhan Ashram and
Mahalaxmi Racecourse, 74, 75 fig. 8
Eco-village, 123–28; Indian National
Maharashtra Region and Town Planning Act of
Trust for Architectural and Cultural
1966, 6
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Index 201
Maharashtra state, 94–107, 128, 143, 170n2
marginalized groups, x, 93, 128
Occupy movements, 139, 163
market sector: economic globalization, 143;
Odum, E., 47
foreign products and, 143; good design
Open Mumbai exhibition, 69–74, 70 fig. 6
demand and, 138; green marketing, 136,
Open Mumbai project, 70, 74–79, 84, 90, 103,
144–46
178n24
Building Green: Environmental Architects and the Struggle for Sustainability in Mumbai Page 36