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Dissertations
Carp, E. Wayne. “Supplying the Revolution: Continental Army Administration and American Political Culture, 1775–1783.” Ph.D. dissertation, University of California at Berkeley, 1981.
Chase, Philander D. “Baron von Steuben in the War of Independence.” Ph.D. dissertation, Duke University, 1973.
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Wright, Robert K., Jr. “Organization and Doctrine in the Continental Army, 1774–1784.” Ph.D. dissertation, College of William and Mary, 1980.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Being a historian is not a solitary occupation. The work depends absolutely on the dedicated staffs and volunteers who run the institutions that guard our documentary, material, and published heritage. Of the many who have been especially helpful to me during the course of this project, I wish to single out two (in alphabetical order): Rebecca Cape, of the Lilly Library of Indiana University at Bloomington, and Diane Windham Shaw, of the Special Collections and College Archives, Skillman Library of Lafayette College, Easton, Pennsylvania. I have dealt with many archivists and librarians over the years, but from now on the word “archivist” will bring to mind these two outstanding representatives of their profession.
Other research institutions (and especially helpful people in them) who contributed to the work include the Division of Rare and Manuscript Collections of Cornell University Libraries, Ithaca, New York (Elaine Engst): the Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.; the University of Virginia Libraries, Charlottesville (especially those who provide Internet access to the Washington Papers); the Mount Vernon Ladies Association, Mount Vernon, Virginia (Barbara McMillan); the Paul Horgan Library of the New Mexico Military Institute, Roswell (Jerry Klopfer and all the ladies at the desk who arranged so many interlibrary loans); the Roswell Public Library, Roswell, New Mexico; the Library of Eastern New Mexico University at Roswell; the Golden Library of Eastern New Mexico University, Portales (Elisa Navarro and Ellen Jeane); the Zimmerman Library of the University of New Mexico, Albuquerque; the David Library of the American Revolution, Washington’s Crossing, Pennsylvania (Richard Ryerson); the National Archives, Washington, D.C.; and the Office of the Curator, United States Senate (Amy Barton).
Historic places important to this project include Brandywine Battlefield Park, Pennsylvania (Jon Ford); the General Lafayette Inn and Brewery, Lafayette Hill, Pennsylvania (Jordanna Kelly); George Washington Birthplace National Monument, Virginia (Roberta Samuel); George Washington Masonic National Memorial, Alexandria, Virginia; Independence National Historical Park, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (Andrea Ashby); Monmouth Battlefield State Park, New Jersey (Charles Sary); Morristown National Historical Park, New Jersey; Valley Forge National Historical Park, Pennsylvania; Washington Crossing Historic Park, Pennsylvania; Washington Crossing State Park, New Jersey; and Yorktown Battlefield, Colonial National Historical Park, Virginia (John Short).
A number of individuals also contributed advice, information, or other assistance. Bea Clary, Jim Donovan, John Flicker, Jay Miller, and Diane Shaw graciously agreed to read parts or all of an early draft of the manuscript, offered many useful comments, and helped keep me from making a fool of myself. Jack Frazier and Ian MacGillivray patiently answered my questions about the Freemasons without violating their oaths as members. Thanks to Jim Donovan, my agent, for making the project happen, and to my editor, John Flicker, who with his assistant Nina Sassoon turned it into what you hold in your hands. A special tip of the hat goes to Kristen Conner of the office of Senator Jeff Bingaman, who pointed me to an important source, and to the American Friends of Lafayette (Bill Kirchner and Al Oberst) for their interest, encouragement, and suggestions. And a bow of gratitude to Tracey and Ed Linneweber, who fed a lonely campaigner on his way from one battlefield to the next; visiting old friends is always a tonic.
I am grateful to Independence National Historical Park, the Lilly Library of Indiana University, the Skillman Library of Lafayette College, and the Office of the Curator of the United States Senate for their permission to reproduce illustrations from their collections.
As always, the fullest measure of credit belongs to my long-suffering but eternally patient quartermaster general, my wife, Beatriz Clary. This army of one could not begin to march without her, nor slog on through the struggle without her continuing support. She is really the one who keeps the guns in action.
Credit belongs to all of those good people for whatever is of merit in this book. Fault for whatever falls short is entirely my own.
ALSO BY DAVID A. CLARY
The Place Where Hell Bubbled Up: A History of the First National Park
These Relics of Barbarism:
A History of Barracks and Guardhouses of the United States Army to 1880
Timber and the Forest Service
The Inspectors General of the United States Army, 1777–1903
A Life Which Is Gregarious in the Extreme: A History of Barracks, Hospitals, and Guardhouses of the United States Army, 1880–1945
Fortress America:
The Corps of Engineers, Hampton Roads, and United States Coastal Defense
Before and After Roswell:
The Flying Saucer in America, 1947–1999
Rocket Man:
Robert H.Goddard and the Birth of the Space Age
ADOPTED SON
A Bantam Book / February 2007
Published by Bantam Dell
A Division of Random House, Inc.
New York, New York
All rights reserved.
Copyright © 2007 by David A. Clary
Maps by David Lindroth, Inc.
Title page art used by permission of Lilly Library, Indiana University.
Bantam Books is a registered trademark of Random House, Inc., and the colophon is a trademark of Random House, Inc.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Clary, David A.
Adopted son : Washington, Lafayette, and the friendship that saved the Revolution / by David A. Clary.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references.
eISBN: 978-0-553-90342-3
1. Washington, George, 1732–1799—Friends and associates. 2. Washington, George, 1732–1799. 3. Lafayette, Marie Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert Du Motier, marquis de, 1757–1834. 4. Presidents—United States—Biography. 5. Statesmen—France—Biography. 6. Friendship—United States—Case studies. 7. United States—History—Revolution, 1775–17
83—Biography. I. Title.
E312.17. C58 2007
973.3'30922—dc22
2006022981
www.bantamdell.com
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