Pollack, William, 309
Pol Pot, 158
Pope, Alexander, 138, 373
Popper, Karl, 151, 287
population, 236–37
Population Bomb, The (Ehrlich), 237
Posner, Richard, 287
postmodernism, 198, 202, 208, 213, 214, 216, 285, 411–17, 426–27
reaction against, 416–17
Postrel, Virginia, 342
Poussaint, Alvin, 107
Pratto, Felicia, 342
prejudice, 141, 145–49, 201–2, 204–7, 212–13, 214, 217, 337–39, 341, 351, 354, 355
Presentation of Self in Everyday Life, The (Goffman), 264
price controls, 234
Principia Ethica (Moore), 150
Prisoner’s Dilemma, 334–35
probability, sense of, 220, 231–33
Proctor, Robert, 154–55
Pryor, Richard, 262–63, 425
psychiatry, 181, 184
psychoanalysis, 40
see also Freud, Sigmund
psychology, 6, 18–19, 20, 22, 24, 27–28, 69, 169, 181, 183, 184, 191, 214, 226, 233, 249, 302, 422–23
arts and, 404–9, 412, 417
of categories, 201–7
developmental, 101, 383–90
emotions studied in, 39–40, 107–8, 221, 243, 255, 271–75
genetics and, 50
of imagery, 215–16, 236, 406, 417
neuroscience and, 45
of perception, 199–201, 214–15, 405, 417
social, 63, 204–5, 233–34, 241, 245, 247, 255, 256–58, 264–66, 270–75, 277–79, 281–82, 294, 303–4, 321, 327–28
stereotypes and, 201–2
see also associationism; behavioral genetics; behaviorism; emotions; evolutionary psychology; memory; number sense; personality; theory of mind
psychopathy, 51, 125, 259–63, 315
Public Enemy, 329
public goods, 256–58, 294
Public Opinion (Lippmann), 201
punishment, 180–85
Putnam, Hilary, 70, 149
Pygmalion effect, 206
Pylyshyn, Zenon, 80
quantum mechanics, 239
Quartz, Stephen, 84
Quayle, Dan, 394
races:
possibility of genetic differences among, 6, 15–18, 67–69, 107, 143–44
and violence, 313, 314, 315
words for, 211–13
racial profiling, 148
racism, 15, 16–17, 108, 145, 149, 202, 205, 273
see also prejudice
radical science movement, 111–12, 121–39, 146–47, 153, 293, 366, 426–27
Rage Against the Machine, 246–47, 300
Raising Cain (Kindlon), 309
Ramachandran, V.S., 405
Rand, Ayn, 255
rape, viii, 160–61, 162–63, 164, 176, 340, 346, 359–71
evidence for sexual component of, 367–68
reduction of, 368–71
rational-actor theory, 303
see also economics, human nature as seen in
Rawls, John, 150–51
Reagan, Ronald, 287
Real Boys (Pollack), 309
realism, naïve, 199
recursion, 36–37, 79–81, 236, 336
Redmond, Elsa, 118
reductionism, 10, 69–72, 112, 113–14, 118, 126–27
relativism, 23, 172, 198–201, 202, 208, 213–14, 272–73, 411, 426–27
language and, 207–11
see also postmodernism
religion, 94, 128–33, 137, 154, 166, 175, 182, 186–90, 224–28, 240, 246, 247, 257, 263, 286, 287, 288
human nature and, 1–2
morality and, 138, 182, 186–90
religiosity, 375
religious right, 128–33, 163–64, 175, 250, 286, 287
Republic (Plato), 285
responsibility, 131–33, 166, 174–85
retaliation, law of, 324–25
see also revenge
Rethinking Innateness (Bates and Elman), 34–35, 84
Return of Beauty, 417
revenge, 53, 54, 180–82, 322–29, 428–31
Rhodes, Richard, 308–9
Rice, Marnie, 263, 342
Richards, Robert, 154
Ridley, Matt, 256
risk, 231–33
Roback, Jennifer, 353, 357
robots, 61
see also artificial intelligence
Rockefeller, John D., 16
Rockwell, Norman, 402
Roiphe, Katie, 343
Roman Catholic Church, 186–87, 225
romanticism, 10, 154, 159–65, 255, 263, 264, 300–301, 331, 413
see also naturalistic fallacy; Noble Savage
Romer, Paul, 237
Roosevelt, Theodore, 153
Rorty, Richard, 202
Rose, Hilary, 255, 366
Rose, Steven, 111, 112, 113–14, 115, 122–23, 124, 126, 127, 133, 255, 377–78
Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead (Stoppard), 317
Rossi, Alice, 342
Rousseau, Jean-Jacques, 6–8, 11, 12, 56, 159, 193, 285, 287, 288, 296, 301
Rowe, David, 381
Rozin, Paul, 230–31, 272, 275
Rumelhart, David, 21, 35, 74
Rummel, R.J., 332
Russell, Bertrand, 2, 26, 270
Russian Revolution, 295
Ryle, Gilbert, 9–10, 126
Sahlins, Marshall, 108–9, 135
St. Helena, 311
Salmon, Catherine, 342
Samoans, 56
Sanger, Margaret, 153
Sapir, Edward, 207–8
Sargent, John Singer, 160
Sarich, Vincent, 144
Sartre, Jean-Paul, 180
Satel, Sally, 342, 370
Saturday Night Live, 343
Saving Private Ryan, 160
Scandinavia, 16, 47, 71, 315
Scarr, Sandra, 381
Scarry, Elaine, 417
Schelling, Thomas, 322
schizophrenia, 45–46, 215
Schlesinger, Laura, 164
Schwartz, Felice, 353
Schwarzenegger, Arnold, 226
science studies, 198
Scopes Monkey Trial, 130
Scott, Dred, 292
Scott, James, 170
Searle, John, 65, 327–28
Segal, Nancy, 47
Sejnowski, Terrence, 84
self, unified, 42–43
self-deception, 111, 128, 260–66, 280, 290, 293, 294, 295, 301, 324, 325, 330, 336, 423–29
Selfish Gene, The (Dawkins), 112, 124, 241, 242
selfishness, 50, 52, 161–62, 163, 169–70, 190–91, 242–45, 246–47, 255–63
Sen, Amartya, 237, 272
Serrano, Andres, 414
Seville Statement, 307–8
sex differences, 142, 144–45, 171–72, 178–79, 205, 251–54, 337–71, 422, 433
in brain, 347
discomfort about, 351
gender gap and, 351–61
in parenting, 252–54, 350
in violence, 309–11, 316–17
women as researchers on, 342
sex discrimination, 16–17, 145, 148, 149, 202, 205, 273, 337–39, 341, 351, 354, 355, 357
sexual assault, see rape
sexual behavior, 20, 54, 56, 60, 89, 112, 132, 148, 160, 178–79, 211, 236, 252–54, 267–68, 271, 273, 276, 338, 344, 348, 356, 360–63, 367–68, 370–71
sexual competition, 319, 346, 347
arts and, 407–8
sexual orientation, 44, 46, 93–94, 154, 164, 201–2
Shakespeare, William, 197, 224, 418
Shalit, Wendy, 339
Shastri, Lokendra, 80
Shatz, Carla, 91–92
Shaw, George Bernard, 153, 181, 287–88, 423
Shaywitz, Sally, 342
Shepard, Roger, 199, 200, 405
Sherman, Cindy, 411
Shockley, William, 153
Shosha (Singer), 251
Shweder, Ric
hard, 26, 272
sibling conflict, 248–250, 266–70, 389–90
sickle cell anemia, 144
sign language, 95–96, 391
Silk, Joan, 342
Silver, Ron, 432
Simon, Herbert, 105, 302
Simon, Julian, 237
Simon, Paul, 22
Singer, Isaac Bashevis, 251, 431–34
Singer, Peter, 166–67, 298, 320
Skinner, B. F., 20, 169, 177, 207, 246
slavery, 6, 15, 109, 144, 145, 155, 156, 292, 298, 329, 338
Slavs, 154
Sledgehammer, 403
slippery slopes, 228–29
Slovic, Paul, 231, 302
Small, Meredith, 342
smell (olfactory) system, 93
Smith, Adam, 161, 233, 285, 287, 288, 290, 302
Smith, Edgar, 262
Smith, John Maynard, 108, 167, 284
Smith, Susan, 189
smoking, 275, 373, 391, 393
Smolensky, Paul, 80
Smothers Brothers, 250
Smuts, Barbara, 342
Sober, Elliot, 259
social constructionism, 6, 17, 22–29, 31, 38, 40, 134, 198, 327, 341, 393
social contract, 8, 150–51, 193, 285–86, 296, 330
Social Contract, The (Rousseau), 8
Social Darwinism, 16, 103, 109, 134, 141, 149, 150, 152, 157, 162, 425
Hitler’s belief in, 153, 157
social engineering, 158, 169–73
socialism, 257
see also Marxism
socialization, personality vs., 395
social psychology, see psychology, social
social reality, 64–65, 327
social sciences, 6
sociobiology, 6, 17, 22–29, 31, 53, 60, 67, 109, 124, 135, 201, 207, 249, 284–85, 301, 307–8, 342, 354, 419
Sociobiology (Wilson), 108–11, 115, 124,
284, 285
sociology, 23, 27, 284–85, 286
Socrates, 23
Sokal, Alan, 410
Solzhenitsyn, Aleksandr, 157
Sommers, Christina Hoff, 172, 341, 342
Sontag, Susan, 343
soul, 8–9, 10, 28–29, 31, 133, 186–87, 224–27, 243, 293
see also Ghost in the Machine
South Africa, 321
Southerners, 328, 428–31
Soviet Union, 152, 155, 158, 246, 286–87, 310, 331, 334, 410
Sowell, Thomas, 287, 295
Spanish Civil War, 321
spatial sense, 220
Specter, Arlen, 312
speech-recognition software, 106
Spencer, Herbert, 15–16, 150
Sperber, Dan, 65
Sperry, Roger, 43
Spock, Benjamin, 20
Sponsel, Leslie, 115–19
sports, 317
Springsteen, Bruce, 179
Stalin, Joseph, 152, 158, 295
Standard Social Science Model, 67, 69
see also social constructionism; social sciences
Stardust Memories, 49
statistics, 231–32
status, 21, 39, 52, 65, 106–7, 110, 128, 217, 223, 250, 273–74, 293, 302–5, 319, 326–29, 345, 355, 356, 358, 386, 390, 405, 406–8, 416
Stein, Gertrude, 417–18
Steinem, Gloria, 171, 343, 353
Steiner, George, 266, 415, 431
Steiner, Wendy, 417
stem cell research, 12, 224, 226
Stephen, James, 182
stepparenting, 164–65
stereotypes, 201–7
Stevens, Wallace, 236
Stich, Stephen, 38
Stills, Stephen, 253
Sting, 253
Stockhausen, Karlheinz, 416
Stoicism, 193
Stolba, Christine, 353
Stoppard, Tom, 317, 321–22
Storey, Robert, 417, 420
strict constructionism, 291
Strossen, Nadine, 342
Sullivan, Andrew, 348
Sullivan, Arthur, 283
Sulloway, Frank, 381, 389
Summerhill (Neill), 222
Superfund Act (1980), 278
superorganism (group mind), 26, 108, 158, 172, 244, 255, 284, 296, 309, 427
supervisory attention system, 40
Supreme Court, U.S., 129, 291
Sur, Mriganka, 85, 95
Switzerland, 311
symbiosis, 242
Symons, Donald, 114–15, 252, 267–68, 272–73
Szathmáry, Eörs, 167
Take Our Daughters to Work Day, 339, 352
Taliban, 254
Tasmania, 69
Taylor, Joan Kennedy, 342
Tay-Sachs, 144
technology, 68–69, 221, 237–39, 338
Tennyson, Alfred, Lord, 242
testosterone, 316, 328, 347–48
see also androgens
Tetlock, Philip, 277, 278
thalamus, 44, 87, 92, 95–96, 98
Thaler, Richard, 302
Thatcher, Margaret, 286, 287, 293
theory of mind, 61–63, 220, 223–24, 228
art and, 412, 417
chimpanzees and, 61–62
culture learning and, 61–63
Theory of Moral Sentiments, The (Smith), 288
Thomas, Elizabeth Marshall, 56
Thornhill, Nancy Wilmsen, 342
Thornhill, Randy, viii, 161, 176, 359–69
thought, language and, 207–11
“Thousand and One Nights, The,” 419
Thucydides, 322
Tierney, Patrick, 115–19
Tiger, Lionel, 111
Tilghman, Shirley, 358
Tinbergen, Niko, 70
tobacco industry, 275, 393
Todorov, Tzvetan, 134
Tolstoy, Leo, 247–48
Tooby, John, 134, 233–34, 238, 365
toolmaking, 220, 238, 323
Tootsie, 403
totalitarianism, 152, 155, 158, 169–70, 296, 425–28
trade, 167–69, 233–36, 255–56, 290–91, 297, 320
Traffic, 276
Tragic Vision, 287–305
traits:
emergenic, 152–53
heritability of, 45–47, 49–51, 373–78
Machiavellian, 259–60
Trivers, Robert, 108, 111, 241, 244, 248, 251–52, 263–64, 266, 271, 301, 319, 343, 389
Trudeau, Pierre, 286
Truman, Harry S., 175
Tuchman, Barbara, 324
Turkheimer, Eric, 372, 379
Turner, Frederick, 410–11, 417
Turner, Mark, 417
Turner, Terence, 115–19
Turner’s syndrome, 349
Tversky, Amos, 302
Twain, Mark, 428–31
twin studies, 46–48, 98, 102, 142, 146,
374–77, 378–79, 396, 397
2001: A Space Odyssey, 337
Ultimatum game, 256
United Nations, 27, 307, 308, 360
United States, 2, 16, 57, 144, 153, 205, 257, 306, 307, 311, 330, 333, 334, 338
Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 167
Universal Grammar, 37–38, 55
Universal People, 55
universals, human, 37–38, 55, 435–39
see also specific topics
Updike, John, 431
urban renewal, 170–71
usury, 235
utopianism, 169–70
Utopian Vision, 287–305
Valian, Virginia, 206
Vanatinai, 339
van Buren, Abigail, 47
van Gogh, Vincent, 407, 409–10
Vasquez, John, 323–24
Veblen, Thorstein, 406, 407, 414
vegetarianism, 227–28, 275, 320
Venter, Craig, 75–76
Verbal Behavior (Skinner), 207
Vietnam War, 160, 298, 326
violence, 44, 56–58, 294, 306–36
fear and, 322–26
feuds and, 430–31
honor an
d, 326–29
morality and, 318–22
prevention of, 330–32
as public health problem, 312
Violence Initiative, 314
visual illusions, 199–201
visual system, 51–52, 87–97, 99, 199–201, 214–15
arts and, 405, 412, 417–18
Vonnegut, Kurt, 424–25
Waddington, C.H., 109
Wald, George, 153
Walker, Rebecca, 343
Wallace, Alfred Russel, 28, 42
War Against Boys, The (Sommers), 172
Ward, Elizabeth, 383
warfare, 125, 160, 306–7, 321, 322, 324, 326, 333–36
Warhol, Andy, 411
Warren, Earl, 181, 288, 291
Watson, John B., 19, 20, 24, 30, 77, 123–24, 207
Wealth of Nations, The (Smith), 233
Webb, Beatrice, 153, 301
Webb, Sidney, 153, 301
Weber, Max, 284
Weizenbaum, Joseph, 105–6, 279
welfare, 290, 304
Wells, H. G., 153
Wertheim, Margaret, 366, 393
West, John, 129
West Side Story, 179
White, Leslie, 25, 26
Whitney Museum, 217, 411, 417
Who, The, 209, 295
Whole Language, 222
Whorf, Benjamin, 207–8
Who Stole Feminism (Sommers), 341
“Who Will Bell the Cat?” (Aesop), 256
Wiesel, Torsten, 97, 108
Wilkinson, Milton J., 335–36
Wilkinson, Richard, 304
Williams, George, 108, 163, 244, 255, 258
Wilson, David Sloan, 259
Wilson, E. O., 30, 108–12, 113, 114, 124, 132, 134, 284, 285, 293, 296, 405
Wilson, Margo, 164–65, 182, 254, 304, 313, 319, 325, 327, 342
Wilson, Woodrow, 201
“Wisdom of Repugnance, The” (Kass), 274
Witelson, Sandra, 342
Wittgenstein, Ludwig, 207
Wöhler, Friedrich, 30
Wolfe, Tom, 131–33, 407, 414
women:
biblical view of, 2
interests of, 172, 337–38, 357–59, 361, 363, 365, 370–71
Taliban and, 254
U.S. Constitution and, 298
see also feminism; sex differences
Wooldridge, Adrian, 301, 302
Woolf, Virginia, 404, 409, 413
Words and Rules (Pinker), 81
Wordsworth, William, 159, 170, 295, 373
World War I, 160, 201, 323, 324, 334, 335
World War II, 27, 37, 57, 153, 155, 205, 235, 322, 333, 334
World Wide Web, 71, 402
Wrangham, Richard, 324
Wright, Robert, 133–34, 167, 168, 245, 320
Yanomamö, 115–19, 314, 323, 334, 431
Yeats, William Butler, 167
Young, Cathy, 342, 353, 360
Yugoslavia, 331
Zahavi, Amotz, 406
Zimbardo, Philip, 321
Zing Yang Kuo, 20
Zippy, 351
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