by Demosthenes
[54] οὐ τοίνυν ἐγὼ μὲν ταῦθ᾽ ἕτοιμος ἦν, οἱ δὲ μάρτυρες οὐ τὴν αὐτὴν γνώμην ἐμοὶ εἶχον, ἀλλ᾽ ἐκεῖνοι παραστησάμενοι τοὺς παῖδας, ὑπὲρ ὧν ἐμαρτύρησαν, πίστιν ἐπιθεῖναι ἠθέλησαν κατ᾽ ἐκείνων. ὁ δ᾽ οὔτ᾽ ἐκείνοις οὔτ᾽ ἐμοὶ δοῦναι τὸν ὅρκον ἠξίωσεν, ἀλλ᾽ ἐπὶ λόγοις μεμηχανημένοις καὶ μάρτυσιν οὐ τἀληθῆ μαρτυρεῖν εἰθισμένοις τὸ πρᾶγμα καταστήσας, ἐλπίζει ῥᾳδίως ὑμᾶς ἐξαπατήσειν. λάβ᾽ οὖν αὐτοῖς καὶ ταύτην τὴν μαρτυρίαν.”Μαρτυρία”
[54] Do not suppose that while I was ready to take this course, the witnesses did not hold the same opinion. No; they too were ready to place their children by their side, and in confirmation of the testimony they had given, to take an oath with imprecations upon them, if they swore falsely. But Aphobus did not see fit to allow an oath to be given either to them or to me. Instead, he rests his case on arguments subtly planned and on witnesses accustomed to perjury, and thinks thereby easily to mislead you. So take and read to the jury this deposition also.” Deposition”
[55] πῶς οὖν ἄν τις σαφέστερον ἐξελέγξειεν συκοφαντουμένους ἡμᾶς καὶ καταμεμαρτυρημένα τἀληθῆ καὶ τὴν δίκην δικαίως ὠφλημένην, ἢ τοῦτον τὸν τρόπον ἐπιδεικνύς; οἰκέτην τὸν τὴν μαρτυρίαν γράφοντ᾽ οὐκ ἐθελήσαντα τοῦτον βασανίζειν περὶ αὐτῶν τῶν μεμαρτυρημένων: αἴσιον τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ ταῦτα μεμαρτυρηκότα, ἅ φησιν εἶναι ψευδῆ:
[55] How could one prove more clearly than I have proved that we are the object of a malicious charge; that the evidence brought forward against my opponent is true; and that his condemnation was just? I have shown that he refused to examine by torture the slave who wrote the testimony regarding the very things to which he had testified; that his brother, Aesius, has attested the facts which he on his part declares to be false;
[56] τοῦτον αὐτὸν ταὐτὰ τοῖς μάρτυσιν οὓς διώκει μεμαρτυρηκότα μοι κατὰ Δήμωνος, ὄντος αὐτῷ θείου καὶ συνεπιτρόπου: τὰς θεραπαίνας οὐκ ἐθελήσανθ᾽ ὑπὲρ τοῦ τὸν ἄνθρωπον ἐλεύθερον εἶναι βασανίζειν: τὴν μητέρα τὴν ἐμαυτοῦ πίστιν περὶ τούτων ἐπιθεῖναι καθ᾽ ἡμῶν ἐθέλουσαν: τῶν ἄλλων οἰκετῶν οὐκ ἐθέλοντα τοῦτον παραλαμβάνειν οὐδένα, τῶν πάντ᾽ εἰδότων μᾶλλον ἢ Μιλύας: τῶν μαρτύρων οἳ κατεμαρτύρουν χρήματ᾽ ἔχειν αὐτόν, οὐδενὶ τῶν ψευδομαρτυρίων ἐπεσκημμένον:
[56] that Aphobus himself has, at my summons, given against Demo, his uncle and co-trustee, the same testimony as the witnesses whom he is suing; that he refused to examine my women-servants as to the fact of Milyas being a freeman; that my own mother was ready to give an oath regarding these matters with imprecations upon us; that he refused to accept for examination any one of my other slaves who knew all the circumstances better than Milyas did; that he has not brought a charge of false witness against any one of those who testified that he had the money;
[57] τὴν διαθήκην οὐκ ἀποδόντα, οὐδὲ τὸν οἶκον μισθώσαντα τῶν νόμων κελευόντων: πίστιν ἐπιθεῖναι προομνύντος ἐμοῦ καὶ τῶν μαρτύρων, ὥστ᾽ ἀφεῖσθαι τοῦτον τῶν χρημάτων καθ᾽ ἃ τὸν Μιλύαν ἐξῄτησεν, οὐκ οἰηθέντα δεῖν; μὰ τοὺς θεούς, ἐγὼ μὲν οὐκ ἂν ἔχοιμ᾽ ἐπιδεῖξαι ταῦτ᾽ ἀκριβέστερον ἢ τοῦτον τὸν τρόπον. οὕτω τοίνυν φανερῶς τῶν μαρτύρων καταψευδόμενος καὶ ἐκ τῶν πραγμάτων οὐδὲν ζημιούμενος καὶ τὴν δίκην δικαίως ὠφληκώς, ὅμως ἀναισχυντεῖ.
[57] that he did not give over the will, nor let the house, although the laws so bade; and finally that he did not see fit to give an oath, after the witnesses and I myself had sworn, whereby he could have secured release to the amount of the sums regarding which he had demanded Milyas for torture. By heaven, I certainly could think of no better way than this to establish these facts. Yet, plain as it is that he falsely attacks the witnesses; that he suffers no damage from the facts adduced; that he was justly condemned; he still tries to brazen it out.
[58] καὶ εἰ μὲν μὴ καὶ παρὰ τοῖς αὑτοῦ φίλοις καὶ παρὰ τῷ διαιτητῇ προεγνωσμένος ἀδικεῖν τούτους ἐποιεῖτο τοὺς λόγους, ἧττον ἂν ἦν ἄξιον θαυμάζειν: νῦν δ᾽ ἐπιτρέψαι με πείσας Ἀρχένεῳ καὶ Δρακοντίδῃ καὶ Φάνῳ τουτῳί, τῷ νῦν ὑπ᾽ αὐτοῦ φεύγοντι τῶν ψευδομαρτυρίων, τούτους μὲν ἀφῆκεν ἀκούσας αὐτῶν ὅτι, εἰ μεθ᾽ ὅρκου ταῦτα διαιτήσουσιν, καταγνώσονται τὴν ἐπιτροπήν, ἐπὶ τὸν κληρωτὸν δὲ διαιτητὴν ἐλθὼν καὶ οὐδὲν ἔχων ἀπολύσασθαι τῶν ἐγκεκλημένων ὦφλεν τὴν δίαιταν.
[58] If it were not that he uses his present language after having at the outset been judged to be in the wrong by his own friends and by the arbitrator, there would be less reason to wonder at all this. But the fact is, that after persuading me to refer the matter to Archeneus and Dracontides and Phanus （the last of whom he is now suing on a charge of giving false witness）, he rejected them （having heard them say that, if they decided on oath, they would condemn his conduct as guardian）, and appeared before the official arbitrator, who, since Aphobus was unable to clear himself from the charges which I brought, gave judgement against him.
[59] οἱ δικασταὶ δ᾽ ἀκούσαντες, εἰς οὓς ἐφῆκεν, ταὐτὰ καὶ τοῖς τούτου φίλοις καὶ τῷ διαιτητῇ περὶ αὐτῶν ἔγνωσαν καὶ δέκα ταλάντων ἐτίμησαν, οὐ μὰ Δί᾽ οὐχ ὅτι τὸν Μιλύαν ὡμολόγησεν εἶναι ἐλεύθερον （τοῦτο μὲν γὰρ οὐδὲν ἦν）, ἀλλ᾽ ὅτι πεντεκαίδεκα ταλάντων οὐσίας μοι καταλειφθείσης τὸν μὲν οἶκον οὐκ ἐμίσθωσεν, δέκα δ᾽ ἔτη μετὰ τῶν συνεπιτρόπων διαχειρίσας πρὸς μὲν τὴν συμμορίαν ὑπὲρ παιδὸς ὄντος ἐμοῦ πέντε μνᾶς συνετάξατ᾽ εἰσφέρειν, ὅσονπερ Τιμόθεος ὁ Κόνωνος καὶ οἱ τὰ μέγιστα κεκτημένοι τιμήματ᾽ εἰσέφερον,
[59] The jury, to whom he then appealed, having heard the case, gave the same decision that his own friends and the arbitrator had given, and fixed the damages at ten talents. This was not, heaven knows, because he had admitted Milyas to be a freeman （for this was nothing to the point）, but because, a fortune of fifteen talents having been left me, he had not let the property; because further, he with his co-trustees had the management of the estate for ten years, and agreed on behalf of me, a child, to pay a property-tax at the rate of five minae,
[60] χρόνον δὲ τοσοῦτον τὰ χρήματα ταῦτ᾽ ἐπιτροπεύσας, ὑπὲρ ὧν τηλικαύτην αὐτὸς εἰσφορὰν ἠξίου εἰσφέρειν, ἐμοὶ μὲν τὸ καθ᾽ αὑτὸν οὐδ᾽ εἴ�
�οσι μνῶν ἄξια παρέδωκεν, μετὰ δ᾽ ἐκείνων ὅλα τὰ κεφάλαια καὶ τὰς ἐπικαρπίας ἀπεστέρηκεν. θέντες οὖν οἱ δικασταὶ τοῖς πᾶσι χρήμασιν οὐκ ἐφ᾽ ὅσῳ μισθοῦσιν τοὺς οἴκους τόκον, ἀλλ᾽ ὃς ἦν ἐλάχιστος, ηὗρον τὸ σύμπαν πλέον ἢ τριάκοντα τάλαντ᾽ αὐτοὺς ἀποστεροῦντας: διὸ τούτῳ τῶν δέκα ταλάντων ἐτίμησαν.
[60] the same rate at which Timotheus, son of Conon, and those possessing the largest fortunes were assessed; and because, after administering for so long an estate, on which he voluntarily chose to pay so high a tax, he turned over to me, as the amount due from him, property not even of the value of twenty minae, having together with those others robbed me of my whole estate, principal as well as interest. The jurymen, therefore, although they allowed interest on the whole property at the lowest rate, and not that at which estates are ordinarily let, found that these men had robbed me of more than thirty talents, and accordingly fixed the damages against Aphobus at ten talents.
πρὸς Ὀνήτορα Ἐξούλης Α — AGAINST ONETOR 1
[1] περὶ πολλοῦ ποιούμενος, ὦ ἄνδρες δικασταί, μήτε πρὸς Ἄφοβόν μοι συμβῆναι τὴν γενομένην διαφορὰν μήτε τὴν νῦν οὖσαν πρὸς Ὀνήτορα τουτονί, κηδεστὴν ὄντ᾽ αὐτοῦ, πολλὰ καὶ δίκαια προκαλεσάμενος ἀμφοτέρους, οὐδενὸς ἐδυνήθην τυχεῖν τῶν μετρίων, ἀλλ᾽ ηὕρηκα πολὺ τοῦτον ἐκείνου δυσκολώτερον καὶ μᾶλλον ἄξιον ὄντα δοῦναι δίκην.
[1] I should have been most glad, men of the jury, had the difference which I have had with Aphobus, and also that in which I am now involved with this man Onetor, his brother-in-law, not come about. Accordingly, I made to them both many fair offers, but I have been unable to secure any reasonable action from either of them. On the contrary, I have found this man far harder to deal with, and more worthy of punishment than the other.
[2] τὸν μὲν γὰρ οἰόμενος δεῖν ἐν τοῖς φίλοις διαδικάσασθαι τὰ πρὸς ἐμὲ καὶ μὴ λαβεῖν ὑμῶν πεῖραν οὐχ οἷός τ᾽ ἐγενόμην πεῖσαι: τοῦτον δ᾽ αὐτὸν αὑτῷ κελεύων γενέσθαι δικαστήν, ἵνα μὴ παρ᾽ ὑμῖν κινδυνεύσῃ, τοσοῦτον κατεφρονήθην, ὥστ᾽ οὐχὶ μόνον λόγου τυχεῖν οὐκ ἠξιώθην, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐκ τῆς γῆς, ἣν Ἄφοβος ἐκέκτηθ᾽ ὅτ᾽ ὠφλίσκανέ μοι τὴν δίκην, ὑβριστικῶς ὑπ᾽ αὐτοῦ πάνυ ἐξεβλήθην.
[2] In the case of Aphobus, I held that his controversy with me should be settled among our friends, and not come to trial before you, but I could not persuade him. But this man, when I bade him act as judge in his own case, that he might not risk a trial before you, treated me with such contempt, that not only did he not think fit to give me a hearing, but I was even in the most outrageous manner driven off the land, which belonged to Aphobus, when he lost his suit to me.
[3] ἐπειδὴ οὖν συναποστερεῖ τέ με τῶν ὄντων τῷ ἑαυτοῦ κηδεστῇ, πιστεύων τ᾽ εἰς ὑμᾶς εἰσελήλυθεν ταῖς αὑτοῦ παρασκευαῖς, ὑπόλοιπόν ἐστιν ἐν ὑμῖν πειρᾶσθαι παρ᾽ αὐτοῦ τῶν δικαίων τυγχάνειν. οἶδα μὲν οὖν, ὦ ἄνδρες δικασταί, ὅτι μοι πρὸς παρασκευὰς λόγων καὶ μάρτυρας οὐ τἀληθῆ μαρτυρήσοντας ὁ ἀγών ἐστιν: ὅμως μέντοι τοσοῦτον οἶμαι διοίσειν τῷ δικαιότερα τούτου λέγειν,
[3] Since, therefore, he joins with his brother-in-law in seeking to deprive me of what is mine, and has come before you, trusting in the measures he has concocted, there is no other course open to me than to try in your court to get justice from him. I know well, men of the jury, that I have to contend against arguments craftily prepared, and against witnesses who are going to give false testimony; nevertheless I think that I shall have such an advantage over him because of the justice of my cause,
[4] ὥστ᾽ εἰ καί τις ὑμῶν πρότερον τοῦτον ἡγεῖτ᾽ εἶναι μὴ πονηρόν, ἔκ γε τῶν πρὸς ἐμὲ πεπραγμένων γνώσεσθαι, ὅτι καὶ τὸν ἄλλον χρόνον ἐλάνθανεν αὐτὸν κάκιστος ὢν καὶ ἀδικώτατος ἁπάντων. ἀποδείξω γὰρ αὐτὸν οὐ μόνον τὴν προῖκ᾽ οὐ δεδωκότα, ἧς φησι νῦν ἀποτετιμῆσθαι τὸ χωρίον, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐξ ἀρχῆς τοῖς ἐμοῖς ἐπιβουλεύσαντα, καὶ πρὸς τούτοις τὴν μὲν γυναῖκ᾽ οὐκ ἀπολελοιπυῖαν, ὑπὲρ ἧς ἐξήγαγέ μ᾽ ἐκ ταύτης τῆς γῆς,
[4] that, even if any one of you heretofore thought him an honest man, he will learn from the defendant’s acts toward me that even in time past he has been, without your knowing it, the basest and most unrighteous of men. I shall show, namely, that he has not only never paid the marriage-portion, to secure which he alleges that the land has been mortgaged, but from the very start has schemed to defraud me of my rights; that, further, the lady, on whose behalf he drove me from the land in question, has not been divorced at all;
[5] προϊστάμενον δ᾽ ἐπ᾽ ἀποστερήσει τῶν ἐμῶν Ἀφόβου καὶ τούτους ὑπομένοντα τοὺς ἀγῶνας, οὕτω μεγάλοις τεκμηρίοις καὶ φανεροῖς ἐλέγχοις ὥσθ᾽ ὑμᾶς ἅπαντας εἴσεσθαι σαφῶς ὅτι δικαίως καὶ προσηκόντως οὗτος φεύγει ταύτην ὑπ᾽ ἐμοῦ τὴν δίκην. ὅθεν δὲ ῥᾷστα μαθήσεσθε περὶ αὐτῶν, ἐντεῦθεν ὑμᾶς καὶ ἐγὼ πρῶτον πειράσομαι διδάσκειν.
[5] and that he is now screening Aphobus, and standing this trial with the purpose of depriving me of what is mine. This I shall show by such strong and manifest proofs, that you will see how just and proper it is that I have instituted this action against him. I shall commence with matters which will best enable you to grasp the facts of the case.
[6] ἐγὼ γάρ, ὦ ἄνδρες δικασταί, πολλούς τ᾽ ἄλλους Ἀθηναίων καὶ τοῦτον οὐκ ἐλάνθανον κακῶς ἐπιτροπευόμενος, ἀλλ᾽ ἦν καταφανὴς εὐθὺς ἀδικούμενος: τοσαῦται πραγματεῖαι καὶ λόγοι καὶ παρὰ τῷ ἄρχοντι καὶ παρὰ τοῖς ἄλλοις ἐγίγνονθ᾽ ὑπὲρ τῶν ἐμῶν. τό τε γὰρ πλῆθος τῶν καταλειφθέντων ἦν φανερόν, ὅτι τ᾽ ἀμίσθωτον τὸν οἶκον ἐποίουν οἱ διαχειρίζοντες, ἵν᾽ αὐτοὶ τὰ χρήματα καρποῖντο, οὐκ ἄδηλον ἦν. ὥστ᾽ ἐκ τῶν γιγνομένων οὐκ ἔσθ᾽ ὅστις οὐχ ἡγεῖτο τῶν εἰδότων δίκην με λήψεσθαι παρ᾽ αὐτῶν, ἐπειδὴ τάχιστ᾽ ἀνὴρ εἶναι δοκιμασθείην.
[6] In common with many others of the Athenians, men of the jury, this man was well aware that my guardians were proving false to their trust. Indeed, it became clear very early that I was being wronged, so many were the discussions and arguments regarding my affairs held before the archon and before other officials. For the value of the property left me was well known, and it was pretty clear that the administrators were leaving it unlet in order that they might have the use of the money themselves. There was not a single one, therefo
re, among those who realized what was going on, who did not expect that I should obtain a judgement for damages from these men, as soon as I should attain my majority.
[7] ἐν οἷς καὶ Τιμοκράτης καὶ Ὀνήτωρ ταύτην ἔχοντες διετέλεσαν τὴν διάνοιαν. τεκμήριον δὲ πάντων μέγιστον: οὗτος γὰρ ἐβουλήθη μὲν Ἀφόβῳ δοῦναι τὴν ἀδελφήν, ὁρῶν τῆς θ᾽ αὑτοῦ πατρῴας οὐσίας καὶ τῆς ἐμῆς οὐκ ὀλίγης αὐτὸν κύριον γεγενημένον, προέσθαι δὲ τὴν προῖκ᾽ οὐκ ἐπίστευσεν, ὥσπερ εἰ τὰ τῶν ἐπιτροπευόντων χρήματ᾽ ἀποτίμημα τοῖς ἐπιτροπευομένοις καθεστάναι νομίζων. ἀλλὰ τὴν μὲν ἀδελφὴν ἔδωκεν, τὴν δὲ προῖκ᾽ αὐτῷ Τιμοκράτης ἐπὶ πέντ᾽ ὀβολοῖς ὀφειλήσειν ὡμολόγησεν, ᾧ πρότερον ἡ γυνὴ συνοικοῦσ᾽ ἐτύγχανεν.
[7] Among those who from first to last held this opinion were Timocrates and Onetor. Of this I can give you the strongest of proofs. For the defendant wished to give his sister in marriage to Aphobus, seeing that he had got into his hands his own patrimony and mine （which was not inconsiderable） as well; but he had not confidence enough in him to abandon her marriage-portion. It was as if he felt, forsooth, that the property of guardians was a security for their wards. He did, however, give him his sister, but the portion, Timocrates, who had been her former husband, agreed to keep as a loan with interest at the rate of five obols.