White Rider see Gandalf
White ship 1030
White Tower, of Minas Tirith (Tower of Ecthelion) 417, 657, 751, 752, 765, 800, 810, 811, 818, 821, 823, 825, 853, 856, 871, 955, 965, 1056, 1057, 1086, 1088
White Towers (Elf-towers) 7, 45, 266, 1030; see also Tower Hills
White Tree, of Gondor (Silver Tree, the Tree) 244, 252, 423, 597, 641, 671, 753, 807, 847, 963, 971, 972, 974, 1048, 1054, 1057, 1071, 1084–8 passim, 1095, 1110; Nimloth [white flower] 971–2, 1037, 1110; see also Withered Tree
White Tree, of Valinor see Telperion White-socks 144
Whitfoot, Will (Mayor of Michel Delving, Flourdumpling) 156, 157, 1002, 1012, 1021, 1025, 1096, 1097
Whitfurrows 1002
Whitwell 769
Widfara 836
Wights see Barrow-wights
Wild, the 63, 165, 171, 198, 231, 233, 273, 1089; Wilderness 210
Wild Men, of Dunland see Dunlendings
Wild Men (Woses) 831, 832, 833, 835, 976, 1093, 1127, 1129; see also Ghânburi-Ghân
Wilderland 3, 11, 52, 57, 58, 228, 251, 274, 281, 359, 385, 388, 390, 394, 472, 499, 1041, 1086, 1130
Willow, Old Man (Willow-man, Great Willow) 116–20, 126, 130
Windfola 804, 840
Winding Stair 643, 709, 738, 739
Window of the Eye 942
Winged Shadow(s), Terror see Nazgûl
Winterfilth 1106, 1109, 1110
Wise, the [the Wizards and the Rulers of the Elves] 2, 47, 48, 49, 52, 55, 56, 249, 250, 257, 259, 267, 268, 270, 615, 819, 1027, 1085, 1087; see also White Council
Wise-nose 144
Witch-king (sorcerer king of Angmar, Wraith-king, chief of the Ringwraiths, Lord of the Nazgûl, Morgul-lord, Black Captain, Captain of Despair, etc.) 5, 195, 197, 198, 214, 220, 257, 264, 706, 707, 738, 817, 818, 819, 820, 822, 824, 828–9, 837, 839, 840–2, 844, 846, 850, 856, 859, 866, 867, 880, 900, 919, 926, 1040, 1041, 1042, 1050–3 passim, 1064, 1070, 1080, 1086, 1087, 1093; cry of 842, 855–6; Dwimmerlaik 841; winged beast of 840, 841–2, 843, 845
Withered Tree (Dead Tree) [dead relic of the Tree of Gondor] 753, 826, 963, 971, 972, 979, 1088; see also White Tree, of Gondor
Withywindle 99, 113, 115, 116–18, 121, 126, 128, 135; valley of 113, 114, 128
Wizard(s) [one of the Order of Istari] 8, 9, 84, 398, 472, 473, 486, 511, 554, 583, 588, 590–1, 594, 682, 757, 813, 1084; Order 48, 252, 256, 257, 581, 583, 1084–5; Istari 1084, 1085; Five Wizards 583, 1084; see also names of individual Wizards, e.g. Gandalf; the word ‘wizard’ often refers specifically to Gandalf, and is also used casually to refer to [a magician; anyone credited with strange powers; contemptuously; ‘wizardry’: magic of kind popularly ascribed to the Wizards]
Wizard’s Vale see Nan Curunír
Wold of Rohan 429, 440, 804, 836, 979, 1064, 1068, 1087
Wolf, Farmer Maggot’s dog 92, 93
Wolf of Angband 193
Wolf-riders 437, 529, 551
Wolves 5, 92, 260, 261, 274, 297–9, 307, 308, 309, 344, 349, 400, 527, 550, 551, 554, 566, 572, 573, 677, 993, 1043, 1077, 1092; wargs 222, 297–9; white wolves 177, 288, 1089; Hound of Sauron 298; see also Wolf of Angband
Wood-elves see Elves
Woodhall 71, 76, 81, 88, 91, 93
Woodmen, of Mirkwood 58; language of 1129
Woody End 71, 73, 74, 79, 88–91, 918, 1000, 1009, 1015, 1027, 1096
World’s End 236
Wormtongue (Gríma, son of Gálmód) 436, 437, 509, 512–21 passim, 528, 529, 544, 555, 556,572–5 passim, 578, 584, 585, 599, 780, 792, 866, 867, 980, 983, 984, 1019, 1020, 1117, 1136; name 1136
Woses see Wild Men
Wraiths see Nazgûl
Writing and spelling, in Middle-earth 4, 1113–26; see also Elvish writing; Runes; Tengwar; writing under names of peoples, e.g. Dwarves
Wulf 1065, 1066, 1067, 1088
Yale, the 76, 1101, 1102
Yellowskin (Yearbook of Tuckborough) 1111
Younger Days 259
Yule 1022, 1106, 1109
Zirakzigil (Zirak) see Celebdil
MAPS
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Works by J.R.R. Tolkien
THE HOBBIT
LEAF BY NIGGLE
ON FAIRY-STORIES
FARMER GILES OF HAM
THE HOMECOMING OF BEORHTNOTH
THE LORD OF THE RINGS
THE ADVENTURES OF TOM BOMBADIL
THE ROAD GOES EVER ON (WITH DONALD SWANN)
SMITH OF WOOTTON MAJOR
Works Published Posthumously
SIR GAWAIN AND THE GREEN KNIGHT, PEARL AND SIR ORFEO
THE FATHER CHRISTMAS LETTERS
THE SILMARILLION
PICTURES BY J.R.R. TOLKIEN
UNFINISHED TALES
THE LETTERS OF J.R.R. TOLKIEN
FINN AND HENGEST
MR BLISS
THE MONSTERS AND THE CRITICS & OTHER ESSAYS
ROVERANDOM
THE CHILDREN OF HÚRIN
THE LEGEND OF SIGURD AND GUDRÚN
The History of Middle-earth – by Christopher Tolkien
I THE BOOK OF LOST TALES, PART ONE
II THE BOOK OF LOST TALES, PART TWO
III THE LAYS OF BELERIAND
IV THE SHAPING OF MIDDLE-EARTH
V THE LOST ROAD AND OTHER WRITINGS
VI THE RETURN OF THE SHADOW
VII THE TREASON OF ISENGARD
VIII THE WAR OF THE RING
IX SAURON DEFEATED
X MORGOTH’S RING
XI THE WAR OF THE JEWELS
XII THE PEOPLES OF MIDDLE-EARTH
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*As the records of Gondor relate this was Argeleb II, the twentieth of the Northern line, which came to an end with Arvedui three hundred years later.
† Thus, the years of the Third Age in the reckoning of the Elves and the Dûnedain can be found by adding 1600 to the dates of Shire-reckoning.
* See Appendix B: annals 1451, 1462, 1482; and note at end of Appendix C.
* Represented in much reduced form in Appendix B as far as the end of the Third Age.
* See note 2, III, p. 1111
* Elves (and Hobbits) always refer to the Sun as She.
* The Hobbits’ name for the Plough or Great Bear.
* The Brandywine River.
* See note in Appendix F: Of the Elves.
* See Appendix F under Ents.
* Every month in the Shire-calendar had 30 days.
* See Appendix F, 1131.
* There were thirty days in March (or Rethe) in the Shire calendar.
* It was probably Orkish in origin: sharkû, ‘old man’.
1 A few references are given by page to this edition of The Lord of the Rings, and to the hardback 4th (reset 4th edition (1995)) edition of The Hobbit.
2 Cf. pp. 244; 598; 971-2: no likeness remained in Middle-earth of Laurelin the Golden.
1 p. 243; p. 712.
2 p. 193; p. 712.
3 The Hobbit, p. 49; The Lord of the Rings, p. 316.
4 pp. 233–6.
5 pp. 361–5; pp. 712, 720; pp. 915, 922.
6 pp. 52, 185.
1 See pp. 974, 978.
1 p. 235.
1 p. 597; p. 971.
2 p. 242.
3 p. 244.
4 p. 243.
1 He was the fourth son of Isildur, born in Imladris. His brothers were slain in the Gladden Fields.
2 After Eärendur the Kings no longer took names in High-elven form.
3 After Malvegil, the Kings at Fornost again claimed lordship over the whole of Arnor, and took names with the prefix ar(a) in token of this.
1 See p. 755. The wild white kine that were still to be found near the Sea of Rhûn were said in legend to be descended from the Kine of Araw, the huntsman of the Valar, who alone of the Valar came often to Middle-earth in the Elder Days. Oromë is the High-elven form of his name (p. 838).
1 p. 185.
2 p. 201.
1 These are a strange, unfriendly people, remnant of the Forodwaith, Men of far-off days, accustomed to the bitter colds of the realm of Morgoth. Indeed those colds linger still in that region, though they lie hardly more than a hundred leagues north of the Shire. The Lossoth house in the snow, and it is said that they can run on the ice with bones on their feet, and have carts without wheels. They live mostly, inaccessible to their enemies, on the great Cape of Forochel that shuts off to the north-west the immense bay of that name; but they often camp on the south shores of the bay at the feet of the Mountains.
1 In this way the ring of the House of Isildur was saved; for it was afterwards ransomed by the Dúnedain. It is said that it was none other than the ring which Felagund of Nargothrond gave to Barahir, and Beren recovered at great peril.
2 These were the Stones of Annúminas and Amon Sûl. The only Stone left in the North was the one in the Tower on Emyn Beraid that looks towards the Gulf of Lune. That was guarded by the Elves, and though we never knew it, it remained there, until Círdan put it aboard Elrond’s ship when he left (pp. 45, 108). But we are told that it was unlike the others and not in accord with them; it looked only to the Sea. Elendil set it there so that he could look back with ‘straight sight’ and see Eressëa in the vanished West; but the bent seas below covered Númenor for ever.
1 The sceptre was the chief mark of royalty in Númenor, the King tells us; and that was also so in Arnor, whose kings wore no crown, but bore a single white gem, the Elendilmir, Star of Elendil, bound on their brows with a silver fillet (p. 146; pp. 848, 861, 967). In speaking of a crown (pp. 170, 247) Bilbo no doubt referred to Gondor; he seems to have become well acquainted with matters concerning Aragorn’s line. The sceptre of Númenor is said to have perished with Ar-Pharazôn. That of Annúminas was the silver rod of the Lords of Andúnie, and is now perhaps the most ancient work of Men’s hands preserved in Middle-earth. It was already more than five thousand years old when Elrond surrendered it to Aragorn (p. 972). The crown of Gondor was derived from the form of a Númenórean war-helm. In the beginning it was indeed a plain helm; and it is said to have been the one that Isildur wore in the Battle of Dagorlad (for the helm of Anárion was crushed by the stone-cast from Barad-dûr that slew him). But in the days of Atanatar Alcarin this was replaced by the jewelled helm that was used in the crowning of Aragorn.
2 p. 227.
3 p. 5; p. 1016.
1 The great cape and land-locked firth of Umbar had been Númenórean land since days of old; but it was a stronghold of the King’s Men, who were afterwards called the Black Númenóreans, corrupted by Sauron, and who hated above all the followers of Elendil. After the fall of Sauron their race swiftly dwindled or became merged with the Men of Middle-earth, but they inherited without lessening their hatred of Gondor. Umbar, therefore, was only taken at great cost.
1 The River Running.
1 That law was made in Númenor (as we have learned from the King) when Tar-Aldarion, the sixth king, left only one child, a daughter. She became the first Ruling Queen, Tar-Ancalimë. But the law was otherwise before her time. Tar-Elendil, the fourth king, was succeeded by his son Tar-Meneldur, though his daughter Silmariën was the elder. It was, however, from Silmariën that Elendil was descended.
1 This name means ‘Ship of Long-foam’; for the isle was shaped like a great ship, with a high prow pointing north, against which the white foam of Anduin broke on sharp rocks.
1 ‘I gave Hope to the Dúnedain, I have kept no hope for myself.’
1 p. 335.
1 It flows into Isen from the west of Ered Nimrais.
1 The dates are given according to the reckoning of Gondor (Third Age). Those in the margin are of birth and death.
2 pp. 787, 797.
3 p. 1054.
1 For her shield-arm was broken by the mace of the Witch-king; but he was brought to nothing, and thus the words of Glorfindel long before to King Eärnur were fulfilled, that the Witch-king would not fall by the hand of man. For it is said in the songs of the Mark that in this deed Éowyn had the aid of Théoden’s esquire, and that he also was not a Man but a Halfling out of a far country, though Éomer gave him honour in the Mark and the name of Holdwine.[This Holdwine was none other than Meriadoc the Magnificent who was Master of Buckland.]
1 The Hobbit, p. 50.
1 p. 317.
2 Or released from prison; it may well be that it had already been awakened by the malice of Sauron.
3 The Hobbit, pp. 207-8.
4 The Hobbit, pp. 22.
5 Among whom were the children of Thráin II: Thorin (Oakenshield), Frerin, and Dís. Thorin was then a youngster in the reckoning of the Dwarves. It was afterwards learned that more of the Folk under the Mountain had escaped than was at first hoped; but most of these went to the Iron Hills.
1 Azog was the father of Bolg; see The Hobbit, p. 24.
1 It is said that Thorin’s shield was cloven and he cast it away and he hewed off with his axe a branch of an oak and held it in his left hand to ward off the strokes of his foes, or to wield as a club. In this way he got his name.
1 Such dealings with their dead seemed grievous to the Dwarves, for it was against their use; but to make such tombs as they were accustomed to build (since they will lay their dead only in stone not in earth) would have taken many years. To fire therefore they turned, rather than leave their kin to beast or bird or carrion-orc. But those who fell in Azanulbizar were honoured in memory, and to this day a Dwarf will say proudly of one of his sires: ‘he was a burned Dwarf, and that is enough.
2 They had very few women-folk. Dís Thrain’s daughter was there. She was the mother of Fíli and Kíli, who were born in the Ered Luin. Thorin had no wife.
3 p. 268.
1 March 15, 2941.
1 p. 243.
2 p. 597, The Hobbit, p. 151.
3 p. 971.
4 p. 317.
1 p. 670.
1 It afterwards became clear that Saruman had then begun to desire to possess the One Ring himself, and he hoped that it might reveal itself, seeking its master, if Sauron were let be for a time.
1 Months and days are given according to the Shire Calendar.
1 She became known as ‘ the Fair’ because of her beauty; many said that she looked more like an elf-maid than a hobbit. She had golden hair, which had been very rare in the Shire; but two others of Samwise’s daughters were also golden-haired, and so were many of the children born at this time.
1 p.7; p. 1042, note 2.
1 Fourth Age (Gondor) 120.
1 365 days, 5 hours, 48 minutes, 46 seconds.
1 In the Shire, in which Year 1 corresponded with T.A. 1601. In Bree in which Year 1 corresponded with T.A. 1300 it was the first year of the century.
The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring, The Two Towers, The Return of the King Page 161