Myths of the Rune Stone

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by David M Krueger


  Retzek, Father Henry, 109–10

  ritual, 12–13, 67, 79–80, 81, 83, 165n42, 165n47, 176n78; archeological excavations as, 54–55, 149. See also Runestone Pageant; scapegoat mechanism

  Robb, Maugridge, 123

  Rølvaag, Ole, 22–23, 41, 64–65

  Runestone Museum, 120–21, 130, 136, 151–52, 154–55, 193n2, 194n12

  Runestone Pageant, 1–4, 13, 81–83, 121, 130, 132, 134, 135. See also history pageants

  rune stones: cultural significance of, 6, 26

  sacred landscapes, 12, 52, 54, 147–48; Catholic landscape, 5, 12, 104, 109–13; ethnic landscape, 22, 24; theory of, 165n45, 167n29, 173n41, 174n53, 176n80, 192n85. See also myths: United States as a nation chosen by God

  sacrifice, 5, 8, 11; Christian, 43; immigrant, 18, 19, 29, 42, 164n38, 176n78; white, 49, 50–51, 57. See also martyr(s)

  Salverson, Laura Goodman, 126–27, 189n22

  Scandinavian Americans: privileged status in American culture, 39–40

  scapegoat mechanism: Indians as scapegoats, 60–61; Olof Ohman as scapegoat, 90

  Schaefer, Father Francis J., 100–101, 113, 115

  Schoolcraft, Henry, 44

  Sevareid, Eric: canoe trip from Minnesota to Hudson Bay, 183n83

  Sheen, Bishop Fulton J., 105, 119

  Sioux Uprising. See Dakota War of 1862

  skræling, 3, 6, 8, 29, 58, 60, 64, 67, 89, 121, 134, 150, 155; definition of, 2, 162n8

  Smith, Joseph, 6, 25–26, 44. See also Mormons

  Smithsonian Institution, 5, 13, 83–85, 93, 138, 182n67

  stone: cultural significance of, 12, 55, 174n55, 176n80; gravestones, 49–50, 60, 106. See also monuments

  Storm, Gustav, 16, 24, 31, 184n2

  symbolic violence: definition of, 165n45; examples of, 10, 51, 113, 165n44, 189n13. See also Bourdieu, Pierre

  Taoyateduta (“Little Crow”), 46, 58

  totem. See Durkheim, Émile

  tourism, 8, 74, 76–77, 78–79, 80, 81, 86, 87, 88, 92, 120, 121, 122, 136, 143, 151–52

  Tweed, Thomas: theory of religion, 22, 165n45, 183n84

  U.S. military: and Viking symbolism, 73–74, 121, 149, 192n76, 194n22

  Viking Altar Rock, 109–14. See also Catholicism

  Vinland sagas, 18, 31

  violence: vicarious participation in, 57–58

  visual culture. See material culture/religion

  Wagner, Richard: music, 2, 3, 161n1

  Wahlgren, Erik, 1, 6, 24, 76, 109, 128–30, 133, 137, 146, 169n62, 170n71, 173n32

  Washington Monument, 12, 75–76

  Wheaton, Henry, 42, 166n12

  Whipple, Henry, 46–47, 172n22

  whiteness. See race

  Winchell, Newton, 30, 145, 169n56, 192n66

  Wolter, Scott, 153–54, 193n9, 194n15

  World’s Columbian Exposition (Chicago, 1893), 25, 48–49, 101

  World’s Fair (New York City, 1965), 136–44

  Yzermans, Father Vincent A., 93, 106, 114

  David M. Krueger has a Ph.D. in religion from Temple University and a master's degree in theology from Princeton Theological Seminary. He is an ordained deacon in the United Methodist Church. His areas of specialization include American sacred spaces, religion and violence, U.S. religious history, and the sociology of religion. He grew up on a farm near Alexandria, Minnesota, and now lives in Philadelphia.

 

 

 


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