How to Hide an Empire

Home > Other > How to Hide an Empire > Page 61
How to Hide an Empire Page 61

by Daniel Immerwahr


  Bell, Gen. J. Franklin, 103, 107

  Bellamy, Edward, 122–25, 132

  Bentley, Alvin, 258

  beriberi, 102, 190

  Berle, Adolf, 229

  Berlin blockade and airlift, 295–96, 355, 375

  Bermuda, 217

  Bernstein, Leonard, 260

  Berry, Chuck, 369

  Betamax, 328, 331, 332

  Beveridge, Albert, 81

  B. F. Goodrich tire company, 265, 270

  Bharat, see India

  Bierce, Ambrose, 438n

  Bikini Atoll, 349–51, 356, 363

  Bill of Rights, 86

  bin Laden, Abdullah, 372

  bin Laden, Awadh, 372

  bin Laden, Mohamed, 372, 373

  bin Laden, Osama, 121, 374–75, 380–85

  bin Laden, Saad, 385

  bin Laden, Salem, 373

  bin Laden construction firm, 372, 373, 380

  birth control pills, 247–49, 251, 274, 383; see also contraceptives

  birther conspiracy theory, 397–98

  Birth of a Nation, The (movie), 117, 156

  Blackboard Jungle (movie), 260

  Black Panthers, 14

  blacks, see African Americans

  black sites, 388–89

  Blackwell, Blanche, 339

  Blackwell, Chris, 339, 340

  Bloody Island Massacre, 106, 422n

  Bollywood, 332

  Bolsheviks, 117

  Bonin Islands, 200

  Boone, Daniel, 25–29, 32, 34, 35, 36, 51, 61, 81

  Boone and Crockett Club, 60–61

  Boonesborough (Kentucky), 25–27

  Boot, Max, 386

  Booth, John Wilkes, 261

  Borneo, 276

  “Born in the U.S.A.” (Springsteen), 370

  Boston, 33, 119, 123–25, 144, 156

  Boston Globe, 354

  Boston Tea Party, 28, 239

  Boustany, Charles, 398

  Brazil, 154, 220, 276, 284, 329

  Brereton, Lewis, 442n

  Breslau, University of, 57

  Brezhnev, Leonid, 374

  Bridge on the River Kwai, The (movie), 370

  Britain, 132, 224, 229, 324, 355, 400; colonies of, see British Empire; in Desert Storm coalition, 377; industrialization in, 48; U.S. military in, 233, 355–57, 369

  British Council, 334

  British Empire, 13, 125, 154, 157, 163, 196, 265, 386, 413n; American independence from, 10, 25, 29, 33; end of, 315, 338; governments of colonies in, 75, 155, 161; holiday celebrating, 19, 111; in International Organization for Standardization, 310–11; measurement system in, 303; North American colonies of, 26–28, 32–33, 36, 415n; Oregon claims of, 41; in Paris Peace Conference, 119–20; Peruvian guano industry monopolized by, 50, 63, 339; telegraph cable system of, 288, 288; uprisings against, 120–21; in World War I, 267, 288–89, 296; in World War II, 4, 169, 189, 192, 197, 216–18, 283, 288, 288–89, 306–10, 337, 341; worldwide population of, 11

  British Guiana, 109

  Brown, Wenzell, 242, 243, 260

  Brown v. Board of Education (1954), 96, 240

  Bryan, William Jennings, 80–81, 93, 152

  Brzezinski, Zbigniew, 374

  bubonic plague, 102, 125, 280–81

  Buchanan, Pat, 13–14

  Bud Bagsak Massacre, 107, 111, 423n

  Bud Dajo Massacre, 105–106, 106, 422n

  Buenos Aires, 64

  Buffalo (New York), 299

  Bullock, Seth, 60

  Buna, 200

  Burma, 189, 196, 197, 216, 234, 275, 283; uprising against imperialism, 230, 231

  Burnham, Daniel, 123–30, 131, 132–36, 143, 158, 196, 210, 428n

  Burr, Raymond, 351

  Burtonwood U.S. Air Force base, 355, 357–58, 474n

  Bush, George H. W., 200

  Bush, George W., 383–86, 389, 394

  Business Insider, 426n

  Butler, Nicholas Murray, 238, 241

  Byron, George Gordon, Lord, 26

  C++ coding language, 330

  C-5 and C-6 transport planes, 376

  Caddos, 42

  Cairo (Egypt), 285, 286

  Calhoun, John, 77

  California, 10, 41, 50, 228, 299, 319, 364, 369, 416n; annexation of, 77; statehood of, 34–35

  Cambodia, 394

  Cambridge University, 64

  Cameroon, 334

  Canada, 8, 39, 161, 165, 171–73, 220, 277, 306; First Nations of, 173; Francophones in, 329

  cancer, 144, 150–52, 350

  Canon, 369

  Canton Island, 341

  Cape Gloucester, 200

  Caribbean, 9, 51, 54, 74, 114, 120, 156–57, 218, 344; claims to uninhabited islands of, 10, 17, 47, 52, 54; rebellion against empires in, 230; war with Spain in, 67, 70; see also specific colonies and nations in or adjacent to waters of

  Carnegie, Andrew, 81, 122, 426n

  Caroline Islands, 219

  Carson, Kit, 35

  Carter, Jimmy, 295

  cartography, see maps

  Cash, Johnny, 370

  Casino Royale (movie), 340

  Castle, William, 248

  Castro, Fidel, 347, 389

  Castro, Raul, 347

  Catholics, 30, 65, 103, 247

  Cazneau, Jane, 409n

  Cebu (Philippines), 128, 421n

  Census Bureau, U.S., 43

  censuses, 10–13, 33, 62, 74, 78–79, 347, 416n, 422n

  Central America, 347

  Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), 223, 297, 346–48, 384, 385, 388, 389, 481n

  Central School (Manila), 128

  Chamberlain, Neville, 337

  Chamoru, 12, 319; see also Guam

  Chaplin, Charlie, 223

  Chateaubriand, François-René de, 26

  chemical weapons, 151–52, 248, 256, 259, 303, 381; see also poison gas

  Cheney, Dick, 375, 380, 386, 388

  Chernobyl nuclear accident, 348

  Cherokee Advocate, The, 43

  Cherokee Phoenix, 37

  Cherokees, 22, 37–39, 42, 409n; language of, 37, 44, 323, 330

  Cheyennes, 42

  Chiang Kai-shek, 109

  Chicago, 34, 233, 259, 299, 396; Burnham’s plan of, 127–28, 135; World’s Columbian Exposition in, 60–61, 123–24, 127

  Chicago Herald, 80

  Chicago Tribune, The, 159, 228

  Chickasaws, 42

  Chile, 46, 56, 264

  Chin, Gabriel, 395

  China, 73, 74, 85, 121, 230, 234, 321; Cultural Revolution in, 326; English language in, 118, 322, 331, 333; exclusion of immigrants to United States from, 83; exploitation of overseas laborers from, 53, 391; garment industry in, 394; imperial spheres of influence in, 62, 197; plastic manufactured in, 316; Red Army in, 231; Republic of, see Taiwan; revolution in, 109; U.S. soldiers’ protest in, 233; during World War II, 265, 283–86, 290

  Chincha Islands, 49–50

  Chirac, Jacques, 331

  Choctaws, 42, 44, 393

  cholera, 101–102, 125–26, 130, 198

  Christians, 37, 74, 104, 106, 264, 373, 379

  Christian Science Monitor, The, 159

  Chrysler, 371

  Churchill, Winston, 164, 189, 192–93, 217, 226, 321–23, 325, 334

  Cincinnati, 34

  Citigroup, 147

  city planning, 124–30, 132–36, 428n

  Civil War, 41, 66, 91, 103, 115, 116, 140, 421n

  Clansman, The (Dixon), 117

  Clapton, Eric, 369

  Clay, Gen. Lucius, 296

  Clehouse, E. H., 228

  Clemens, Samuel, see Twain, Mark

  Cleveland, 299

  Cleveland Herald, 49

  Cliff, Jimmy, 339

  Clinton, Bill, 381–83

  Clinton, Hillary, 260, 396–97

  CNN, 398

  Cody, Buffalo Bill, 60

  Cold War, 184, 264, 295–97, 311, 355, 356, 360

  Cole, Nat King, 357

  Cole, USS (dest
royer), 382

  Collazo, Oscar, 254, 255, 261

  Colombia, 114, 220, 280

  Colorado, 158

  “Columbia,” 76

  “Columbia, the Gem of the Ocean,” 76

  Columbia Pictures, 370

  Columbia Records, 370

  Columbia University, 238, 331–32

  Columbus, Christopher, 123

  Comanches, 42

  Coming of Age in Samoa (Mead), 154–55, 434n

  Commerce Department, U.S., 302

  communism, collapse of, 297, 374–75

  Congo, 265, 276

  Congress, U.S., 76, 78, 98, 112, 158, 163, 169, 179, 246, 344; birthers in, 398; decolonization efforts in, 235, 239; guano deliberations in, 50, 52; Indian Country and, 39–41, 43; nonvoting representative of Puerto Rico in, 244; Puerto Rican nationalist attack on, 16; standardization policies in, 300, 303; territories under control of, 29–30, 84–85, 87, 257, 258, 399; U.S. flag in moon landing required by, 263; during war with Spain, 67, 80; during World War I, 117; during World War II, 5, 194; see also House of Representatives, U.S.; Senate, U.S.

  Connery, Sean, 370

  Constitution, U.S., 12, 29, 31, 37, 66, 225, 395, 398, 416n; Second Amendment, 107; Thirteenth Amendment, 104; Fourteenth Amendment, 83–86, 394–95

  contraceptives, 156, 247, 249, 250, 252, 454n; see also birth control pills; sterilization

  Convention on a Uniform System of Road Signs and Signals, 313

  Coolidge, Calvin, 159, 220

  Cooper, James Fenimore, 35, 51–53

  Cornell University, 81

  Corregidor, 189, 192, 196, 237

  Corregidor (movie), 194

  Corretjer, Juan Antonio, 426n

  Cosmopolitan Clubs, 109–10, 119

  Costa Rica, 114, 242

  Costello, John, 442n

  cotton, 37, 48, 158, 265, 270, 283

  Council on Foreign Relations, 266

  Crane, Stephen, 69

  Crater, The (Cooper), 51

  Cream, 363

  Creeks, 42

  Creole languages, 467n

  Crèvecoeur, J. Hector St. John de, 27

  Crichton, Michael, 370

  Crockett, Davy, 35, 61

  Crosby, Bing, 357

  Cry “Havoc” (movie), 194

  Cuba, 51, 64–66, 75, 80–81, 112–13, 156, 286, 347, 389; independence of, 113–14; traffic signs in, 314; war with Spain in, 66–72, 97, 279, 414n

  cultural artifacts, 15–16; see also titles of movies and songs

  Cumberland Gap, 25

  Cuneiform, 330

  Curtis, Charles, 301, 323

  Czechoslovakia, 120, 449n

  Daily Mirror, The, 357

  Dakota Territory, 60

  Danish West Indies, 114, 120

  Dar es Salaam (Tanzania), 6

  Darwin, Charles, 33

  Davao (Philippines), 129, 181

  Davy, Humphry, 48

  Dawson Creek (British Columbia), 172

  D-Day, 224, 289, 290

  DDT, 18, 225, 282, 292–93, 295, 314

  Deadwood (South Dakota), 60

  Deane, Gen. John, 290

  De Bevoise, Ken, 103

  Declaration of Independence, 25, 26, 95, 225, 380

  Deep Purple, 363

  Deerslayer, The (Cooper), 35

  deindustrialization, 365, 370

  Delaware, 51

  Delaware Indians, 42

  DeLay, Tom, 393

  Deming, W. Edwards, 361–62, 370

  Democratic Party, 93, 95–96, 115, 159, 160, 239, 350, 397–98; Southern, 240

  Democratic Party of Japan, 387

  Demolins, Edmond, 68

  Deng Xiaoping, 333

  Denmark, 353, 364

  depopulation of Indians, 36

  Detroit, 371

  Dewey, Commodore George, 67, 71, 73, 79, 80, 88–89, 102, 279

  Dhahran Air Base (Saudi Arabia), 372, 373, 375, 379, 380, 387

  dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, see DDT

  Diego Garcia, 377

  Dietrich, Marlene, 267

  Discman, 368

  diseases, 32, 124–26, 132, 146, 150, 261, 280–82; English settler deaths from, 32, 317; of guano workers, 53; among indigenous polities, 33, 36, 38, 173, 180; of livestock, 346; in wartime, 101–103, 150, 190, 291–93, 304, 421n; see also specific diseases

  Disneyland, 274, 337

  “Dixie,” 76

  Dixon, Thomas, Jr., 117

  Doane, Ralph Harrington, 134

  Dobbs, Lou, 398

  Dobyns, Henry F., 409n

  Doctor No (Fleming), 339–40, 345, 347, 348; movie of (Dr. No), 340

  Doctor Strangelove (movie), 353

  Dominican Republic, 78, 114

  Don Juan (Byron), 26

  Douglas, Stephen, 41

  Dresden, 215

  Drexel Institute, 133

  drones, 384–86, 390

  Drum, Gen. Hugh, 165

  Du Bois, W.E.B., 14, 81, 106

  Dulles, Allen, 347

  Dulles, John Foster, 364–65

  DuPont Corporation, 271, 277

  Durex, 249

  Durrell, Lawrence, 322

  Dust Bowl, 167

  Dutch Empire, 157, 189, 265; East Indies in, 160–61, 197, 198, 200, 291

  Dylan, Bob, 370

  “Dymaxion map,” 221

  dysentery, 102, 130, 190, 280, 291, 293

  Earhart, Amelia, 10, 341

  Early, Steve, 191

  Eastern Bloc, see Soviet Union

  Eaton Labs, 249

  École des Beaux-Arts, 128

  Economist, The, 382

  Eden, Anthony, 338

  Egypt, 85, 118, 121, 216–17, 220, 373, 388

  Einstein, Albert, 57, 322

  Eisenhower, Dwight, 166–67, 262–63, 290, 345, 363

  El Alamein, Battle of, 217

  Elba, 336

  electronics, 259, 314, 357, 365–69, 456n

  Elements of Agricultural Chemistry (Davis), 48–49

  Elks Club (Manila), 128

  Ellis, Joseph, 29

  Emerson, Ralph Waldo, 124

  Empire Day, 19, 111

  Enewetak Atoll, 350

  England, 32, 192, 199, 218, 373; U.S. nuclear weapons in, 356, 358–59; see also Britain; London

  English language, 33, 94, 113, 151, 225, 247, 317–35, 367, 371, 467n, 469n; alternative lingua francas to, 320–22; decolonization and native languages versus, 325–26; globalization of, 18, 118, 312, 316, 318, 320–22, 326–35; Native American speakers of, 37, 317, 319; simplified orthographies for, 322–25; in U.S. territories, 15, 109, 133, 151, 154, 195, 212, 242, 244, 247, 251, 304, 319–20

  Enlightenment, 26

  Epstein, Brian, 358

  Esperanto, 332

  extraordinary rendition, 388–89, 480n, 481n

  Exxon, 372

  Fagen, David, 96–97

  Fahd, King of Saudi Arabia, 375

  Fairbanks (Alaska), 16, 172, 218

  Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), 148, 256, 338

  Federalist Party, Puerto Rican, 108

  Fenn Manufacturing company, 304

  Ferguson, Niall, 386

  fertilizers, nitrogen, 47–49, 57; see also guano

  Feynman, Richard, 274

  Filipino Democratic Alliance, 232–33

  Filipinos, see Philippines

  Fillmore, Millard, 50

  Fireball Express, 284–85

  first-mover advantage, 369

  First World War, see World War I

  Fitzgerald, F. Scott, 45

  Flag Day, 111

  Fleming, Ian, 337–40, 345, 347, 348

  Flint (Michigan), 370

  Florida, 10, 46, 77, 158, 279, 286, 399

  flying fortresses, see B-17 bombers

  Flynn, Errol, 339

  Fonetik Crthqgrafi, 323

  Fong, Hiram, 241

  Food and Drug Administration (FDA), 249

  Forbes, Cameron, 124–32, 134, 159–60, 189r />
  Ford, Gerald, 200, 383

  Ford, Henry, 271

  Ford, John, 194

  Ford Motor Company, 370

  Fortune 500 companies, 393

  Fortune magazine, 165, 222, 271

  Fourteen Points, 117–18

  Fox News, 398

  France, 46, 109, 120, 229, 311, 313, 331, 400; colonies of, 19, 119, 125, 157–58, 265, 396; Louisiana acquired from, 30–32, 38, 46, 77, 416n; population of, 33–34; U.S. soldiers in, 233, 356; in World War I, 296, 305; in World War II, 290, 307, 449n

  Franklin, Ben, 27, 33, 34, 47, 318–20

  Freinkel, Susan, 271

  French Indochina, 169

  French language, 318, 320–21, 329, 469n

  Friedman, Andrea, 426n

  Friedman, Thomas L., 315

  From Here to Eternity (movie), 3

  frontier, 8, 26–30, 32–36, 59–63, 68, 154, 262, 297

  Fuller, Buckminster, 221

  Futenma (Japan), 387

  Gadsden Purchase, 46–47, 51

  Gag Law (Puerto Rico), 253, 256

  Gambia, 220

  Gandhi, Mohandas, 118–21, 325, 426n

  García, Gen. Calixto, 71

  Garrett, Pat, 60

  Gates, Robert, 379

  General Instrument, 383

  General Motors, 152, 370

  Georgetown University, 244

  Georgia, 29, 37–39, 457n

  German language, 318, 320–21

  Germany, 57, 121, 158, 329, 381; fleet of, 64; Harvard students from, 109–10; Jews in, 57–58; post–World War II occupation of, 17, 224, 234, 295–96, 449n; U.S. soldiers’ protest in, 233; Weimar, 267; in World War I, 110, 118, 264, 284, 288–89, 295; in World War II, 185, 191, 192, 197, 199–200, 215–17, 222, 229, 267–69, 273, 283, 287, 315, 337–38

  Gestapo, 178

  Ghana, 327

  Ghostbusters (movie), 370

  Gilded Age, 123

  Giuliani, Rudy, 260

  Glenn, Maj. Edwin F., 99–101

  global alphabet, 323–25

  globalization, 18, 264, 279, 282, 315–16, 328, 334

  global positioning system (GPS), 378–79, 383, 385, 385, 390

  “God Bless America,” 76

  Godzilla (movie), 351–52, 363, 400

  Gojira (movie), 351–52

  gold, 34, 37, 41, 190, 193, 226

  Goldwater, Barry, 394

  Gómez, Máximo, 70, 72

  Gompers, Samuel, 81

  González Martínez, Isaac, 430n

  Goran, Morris, 412n

  Göring, Hermann, 337

  Grant, Ulysses S., 78

  Grayson, William W., 90

  Great Depression, 142, 157–59, 161

  Great Dictator, The (movie), 223

  Greater America Exposition (Omaha, 1899), 82–83, 83, 88, 90

  Greater United States maps, 9, 9–12, 75, 112

  Great Migrations, 251

  Green Grow the Lilacs (Riggs), 44–45

  Greenland, 352–53, 364

  Griffith, D. W., 117

 

‹ Prev