Six Minutes in May

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Six Minutes in May Page 57

by Nicholas Shakespeare


  Charles Ritchie, The Siren Years: Undiplomatic diaries, 1937–1945, Macmillan, 1974

  Andrew Roberts, The Holy Fox: A biography of Lord Halifax, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1991

  —Eminent Churchillians, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1994

  — Churchill: Embattled Hero, Phoenix, 1996

  —Hitler and Churchill: Secrets of leadership, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2003

  Giles Romilly, The Privileged Nightmare, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1954

  Giles and Esmond Romilly, Out of Bounds, Hamish Hamilton, 1935

  Kenneth Rose, The Later Cecils, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1975

  Stephen Roskill, Hankey: man of secrets, Collins, 1974

  —Churchill and the Admirals, Morrow, 1977

  A. L. Rowse, All Souls and Appeasement, Macmillan, 1961

  Anthony Seldon, 10 Downing Street: The illustrated history, HarperCollins, 1999

  Robert Self, Neville Chamberlain: A biography, Ashgate, 2006

  J. E. Sewell, Mirror of Britain, Hodder & Stoughton, 1941

  Geoffrey Shakespeare, Let Candles Be Brought In, Macdonald, 1949

  Emanuel Shinwell, Conflict without Malice, Odhams, 1955

  —I’ve Lived Through It All, Gollancz, 1973

  —Lead with the Left: My first ninety-six years, Cassell, 1981

  William Shirer, Berlin Diary: The journal of a foreign correspondent, 1934–1941, Hamish Hamilton, 1941

  —This is Berlin: Reporting from Nazi Germany, 1938–40, Hutchinson, 1999

  Claire Simpson, Neville’s Island, Amazon, 2012

  Nick Smart, Neville Chamberlain, Routledge, 2010

  Mary Soames, A Daughter’s Tale: The memoirs of Winston Churchill’s Youngest Daughter, Random House, 2011

  —Clementine Churchill, Cassell, 1979

  Mary Soames, ed., Speaking for Themselves: The Personal Letters of Winston and Clementine Churchill, Doubleday, 1998

  Edward L. Spears, Prelude to Dunkirk, William Heinemann, 1954

  Stephen Spender, New Selected Journals, 1939–45, ed. Lara Feigel and John Sutherland, Faber, 2012

  David Stafford, Churchill and Secret Service, John Murray, 1997

  Graham Stewart, Burying Caesar: Churchill, Chamberlain and the battle for the Tory Party, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1999

  Leland Stowe, No Other Road to Freedom, Faber, 1942

  James Stuart, Within the Fringe: An autobiography, Bodley Head, 1967

  John Sutherland, Stephen Spender: The authorized biography, Viking, 2004

  Philip Cunliffe Lister, Earl of Swinton, Sixty Years of Power: Some memories of the men who wielded it, Heinemann, 1966

  A. J. Sylvester, Life with Lloyd George: The diary of A. J. Sylvester, 1931–45, ed. Colin Cross, Macmillan, 1975

  A. J. P. Taylor, Beaverbrook, Hamish Hamilton, 1972

  —A Personal History, Hamish Hamilton, 1982

  Laurence Thompson, 1940, Collins, 1966

  D. R. Thorpe, The Uncrowned Prime Ministers, Darkhorse, 1980

  —Alec Douglas-Home, Sinclair-Stevenson, 1996

  John Tilley, Churchill’s Favourite Socialist: A life of A. V. Alexander, Manchester, 1995

  Daniel Todman, Britain’s War, Allen Lane, 2016

  Philip Toynbee, Friends Apart: A memoir of Esmond Romilly and Jasper Ridley in the thirties, Sidgwick & Jackson, 1954

  Ronald Tree, When the Moon Was High, Macmillan, 1975

  Robert Vansittart, The Mist Procession, Hutchinson, 1958

  Tristan de Vere Cole, The Last Bastard?, Wilton65, 2015

  Philip Vian, Action this Day: A war memoir, Muller, 1960

  Derek Walker-Smith, Neville Chamberlain: Man of Peace, Hale, 1940

  Evelyn Waugh, Put Out More Flags, Penguin, 1943

  —Men at Arms, Chapman & Hall, 1961

  —The Diaries of Evelyn Waugh, ed. Michael Davie, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1976

  Josiah Wedgwood, Memoirs of a Fighting Life, Hutchinson, 1940

  John Wheeler-Bennett, King George VI: His life and reign, Macmillan, 1958

  —ed., Action this Day: Working with Churchill, Macmillan, 1968

  Meredith Whitford, Churchill’s Rebels, Jessica Mitford and Esmond Romilly, Umbria Press, 2014

  Francis Williams, A Prime Minister Remembers, Heinemann, 1961

  —Nothing so strange: an autobiography, Cassell, 1970

  —A Pattern of Rulers, London, 1965

  Herbert Williams, Politics – Grave and Gay, Hutchinson, 1949

  Harold Wilson, A Prime Minister on Prime Ministers, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1977

  —Attlee as I Knew Him, ed. Geoffrey Dellar, London, 1983

  Edward Winterton, Orders of the Day, Cassell, 1953

  Frederick Woolton, Memoirs, Cassell, 1959

  T. C. Worsley, Fellow Travellers: A memoir of the thirties, London, 1971

  John Evelyn Wrench, Geoffrey Dawson and Our Times, Hutchinson, 1955

  Alun Wyburn-Powell, Clement Davies: Liberal leader, Politico, 2003

  JOURNALS, PERIODICALS AND LECTURES

  Canadian Alpine Journal, 1929

  David Cannadine, ‘Churchill and Leadership: What lessons for today?’, lecture delivered at Exeter College, Oxford, 23/5/2016

  N. J. Crowson, ‘Conservative Parliamentary Dissent Over Foreign Policy During the Premiership of Neville Chamberlain: Myth or Reality?’ Parliamentary History, Vol. 14, 1995, 315–36

  David Dilks, ‘Appeasement Revisited’, University of Leeds Review, vol. 15, no. 1, May 1972

  —‘Great Britain and Scandinavia in the Phoney War’, Scandinavian Journal of History, 2, 1977, 29–51

  —‘Britain and Canada in the Age of Mackenzie King’, Canada House lecture series 4, 1978

  —‘The Twilight War and the Fall of France: Chamberlain and Churchill in 1940’, Royal Historical Society, Vol. 28 (1978), 61–86

  —‘Three Visitors to Canada: Baldwin, Chamberlain and Churchill’, Canada House lecture series 28, March 1985

  —‘Britain and Germany before the War’, lecture delivered at the Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, 13 July 1998

  Alfred Duff Cooper, ‘A Candid Portrait’, American Mercury, January 1940

  John D. Fair, ‘The Norway Campaign and Winston Churchill’s rise to power in 1940: A study of perception and attribution’, English Historical Journal, vol. 9, no. 3, Aug 1987

  Peter Fleming, ‘Return to Namsos’, Spectator, 16/5/1970

  Dingle Foot, ‘Chamberlain’s Downfall’, Guardian, 8/5/1965

  Patrick Higgins, unpublished biography of Rab Butler

  Nellie Hozier, ‘Prisoners in Germany’, English Review, Feb 1915, 305–323

  Kevin Jefferys, ‘May 1940: The downfall of Neville Chamberlain’, Parliamentary History, vol. 10, 1991, 363–78

  Martin Lindsay, ‘Reconnaissance’, Spectator, 17/5/1940

  —‘Death of a Town’, Spectator, 23/5/1940

  London Gazette, Supplement, 8/7/1947

  H. D. Loock, ‘Weserübung – A Step towards the Greater Germanic Reich’, Scandinavian Journal of History 2, 1977, 67–88

  Victor Macclure, ‘Gladiators in Norway’, Blackwood’s Magazine, February/March 1941, vol. 249

  Piers Mackesy, ‘Churchill on Narvik’, Journal of the Royal United Services Institution, 115, December 1970, 28

  H. R. S. Massy, ‘Operation in Central Norway, 1940’, London Gazette no. 37584, 29/5/1946

  Austen Mitchell, ‘A Forbidden Glimpse of History’, The House magazine, 20/8/1992

  Phyllis Moir, ‘I was Winston Churchill’s Private Secretary’, Life Magazine, 21/4/1941, 79

  Harold Nicolson, ‘Drama in Parliment’, Montreal Standard, 11/5/1940

  J. S. Rasmussen, ‘Party Discipline in Wartime: The Downfall of the Chamberlain Government’, Journal of Politics, xxxii, 1970, 379–406

  David M. Roberts, ‘Clement Davies and the Fall of Neville Chamberlain, 1939–40’, Welsh History Review, viii, 1976

  Nick Smart, ‘Four Days in May: The Norway Debate and the Downfall of Nevi
lle Chamberlain’, Parliamentary History, vol. 17, no. 2, 1998, 231

  INDEX

  The page references in this index correspond to the printed edition from which this ebook was created. To find a specific word or phrase from the index, please use the search feature of your ebook reader

  A-Day (‘Angriffstag’), 375

  Abdication crisis (1936), 211, 294, 395

  Addison, Christopher, 1st Viscount Addison, 288

  Admiral Graf Spee, 44, 46

  Admiralty Board Room, 227, 227

  Admiralty House, 224–5

  aerial photography, 6

  Afridi, HMS, 96, 142, 146, 220

  Aitken, Max, Lord Beaverbrook

  Cabinet Room meeting, account of, 362, 367

  Amery, relationship with, 347–8

  Chamberlain, relationship with, 177, 179, 379

  Churchill, relationship with, 186, 220, 249–50, 292, 319, 327, 351, 386

  Davies, relationship with, 244–5, 249–50, 329–30

  Kennedy, meeting with, 329–30

  Lloyd George, relationship with, 234, 249, 324

  Margesson interview, 365

  as Minister of Aircraft Production, 401

  and Norway Campaign, 149, 220

  and Norway Debate, 10, 11, 249–50, 251

  and Romilly, 218, 220

  Wood interview, 356

  Alexander, A. V., 183, 185, 299, 385

  All Party Action Group, 246, 278, 295–6

  Allingham, Margery, 72, 149, 150, 151–2, 275

  Altmark incident, 44–7, 45, 50, 113

  American Mercury, 261

  Amery, Bryddie, 241

  Amery, Leo Maurice, 237–44, 402

  and Abdication crisis (1936), 211, 243, 294

  Amery Group, 19, 237, 245–7, 278, 296

  and Black Forest, bombing of, 244

  and Boer War, 239–40, 244, 248, 355

  and Bonar-Law, 241

  coalition government, formation of, 362, 364, 366, 367, 369, 379–82, 389

  Churchill, relationship with, 13, 62, 219, 238–40, 243, 317, 293

  Chamberlain, relationship with, 188, 237–44, 275, 317, 347

  death, 402

  and diaries, 16, 245

  division and aftermath, 305, 317, 324, 327–8, 344–9, 358

  as First Lord of the Admiralty, 82, 224

  Harrow, studies at, 13, 239

  on Hitler, 53, 240

  and Hodgson, 17

  and India Bill, 239, 243, 294

  Lloyd George, relationship with, 234–5

  Mount Amery, ascent of, 349

  Norway Campaign, 83, 103, 123, 133, 149, 153, 244

  Norway Debate, 11, 103, 266, 250, 270–76, 278, 281–2, 287, 291–8, 305, 310, 349

  on Operation ‘Weserübung’, 53, 63, 82

  oratory, 271

  and Salisbury’s Committee, 195

  Amery Group, The, 19, 237, 245–7, 278, 296

  Åndalsnes, Norway, 6, 79, 88, 99, 108–11, 115, 141, 143, 148, 283, 352

  Anderson, Sir John, 10, 40, 318

  Andros, Bahamas, 161–5, 161, 163, 170, 262, 304

  Andros Fibre Company, 162–5

  Anstruther-Gray, William, 306

  Ashford, Pam, 65, 72

  Asquith, Herbert, 132, 201, 219, 234, 249, 334, 399

  Asquith, Margot, Countess of Oxford, 166, 169, 289, 399

  Astor, Nancy, Viscountess Astor, 10, 201, 211, 235–6, 251, 260, 286, 296, 305–6, 322

  Attlee, Clement, 59, 167, 179, 183, 248–9, 254, 400, 404

  All Party Action Group, 245, 246, 248–9

  coalition government, formation of, 362, 370–74, 380–82, 385, 388–90, 393, 394

  division and aftermath, 6, 10, 15, 323–4, 326–8, 334, 341, 344, 348, 351, 357

  Gallipoli Campaign (1915–16), 371

  on Halifax, 197

  Norway Debate, 152, 262, 264–5, 277, 281–2, 307, 357

  Auchinleck, General Claude, 118–19, 230, 291

  Auden, W. H., 92

  Aurora, HMS, 119–22, 127

  Baldwin, Stanley, 12, 241, 319, 337

  Balfour, Arthur, 242

  Ball, Sir Joseph, 180–81, 207, 279

  Bardufoss, Norway, 231

  Barry, Sir Charles, 5

  Bartlett, Vernon, 5, 6

  Bartók, Béla, 176

  Batchelor, Major Denzil, 376

  Batory, MS, 119

  Baxter, Beverley, 321

  BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation) 140, 149, 205, 294, 378, 404

  Beaverbrook, Lord, see Aitken, Max, Lord Beaverbrook

  Beckwith, Colonel Charles, 109

  Belgium, 329, 376–9, 382–3

  Bergen, Norway, 27, 32, 45, 54, 63, 66, 67, 70–72, 80–82, 84, 88

  Berlin, Germany, 48, 51, 143, 203, 218, 375

  Bernays, Robert, 191, 293–4, 299

  Bernd von Arnim, 28

  Berney-Ficklin, Brigadier Horatio Pettus, 108

  Berry, William, 1st Viscount Camrose, 185, 221, 369–70

  Berwick, HMS, 82, 103

  Béthouart, Brigadier General Antoine, 232

  Bevan, Aneurin, 248, 266

  Birmingham Daily Post, 160

  Bigham, Clive, 2nd Viscount Mersey, 321

  Bison, 146

  Blake, Robert, 321

  Blücher, 63, 122

  Blythe, Ronald, 272–3, 307

  Blythmoor, 127

  Bodleian Library, Oxford, 254

  Boer War (1899–1902), 12, 35, 219, 239–40, 244, 248, 290, 293, 355

  Bogø, Denmark, 218

  Bonar Law, Andrew, 192, 241, 334–5, 337, 393

  Bonham Carter, Leslie, 210

  Bonham Carter, Violet, 400

  Chamberlain, relationship with, 169

  coalition government, formation of, 367, 400

  division and aftermath, 310, 321, 325, 326, 352, 354–5

  on Halifax, 325

  and Namsos evacuation, 150, 248

  Norway Debate, 282, 284, 287, 301, 310, 316

  on sex, 210

  speeches, 242

  Boothby, Bob, 78, 245–8, 265, 285–6, 295–6, 305, 310, 357, 372, 401

  Boyle, Admiral William, 12th Earl of Cork and Orrery, 118–23, 125–7, 130, 228–31, 290–91, 353, 361

  Bracken, Brendan

  All Party Action Group, 245

  Chamberlain, relationship with, 173, 177

  Churchill, promotion of, 16, 18, 292, 293, 320

  coalition government, formation of, 366, 386

  division and aftermath, 306, 320, 327–8, 342, 351

  Norway Campaign, 116

  Norway Debate, 251, 292, 293

  papers, loss of, 16

  and Privy Council, 401

  Romilly, capture of, 74

  Bräuer, Curt, 54, 145

  Bridges, Sir Edward, 40, 398

  Bright Astley, Joan, 91

  Broadbridge, Sir George, 379

  Broch, Theodore, 27, 30, 31, 107

  Brook, Norman, 1st Baron Normanbrook, 60

  Brooke, General Alan, 77, 115–16

  Brooks, Collin, 72, 279

  Brown, Gordon, 12

  Bruce Lockhart, Robert, 208, 328

  Buchan, John, 334

  Burgin, Leslie, 106

  Butler, Richard ‘Rab’, 9–10, 18, 58, 198, 250, 323–4, 331–2, 334, 337–40, 361, 390–91

  Cadogan, Sir Alexander

  on Attlee–Chamberlain meeting, 381

  Chamberlain, relationship with, 169, 185, 358, 380

  coalition government, formation of, 16, 362, 365–6, 374, 377, 380, 381

  division and aftermath, 318, 337, 339, 345, 358

  Halifax, relationship with, 191, 208, 337, 339, 377

  Hoare, relationship with, 400

  Operation ‘Gelb’, launch of, 377

  Operation ‘Wilfred’, 39, 40, 43, 55–6, 64, 66

  MPs, opinion of, 261

  Norway Campaign, 84, 117, 138

  Wood, meeting with, 354

&nbs
p; Café Iris, Narvik, 30, 32, 33, 86, 127

  Campbell-Johnson, Alan, 9, 292

  Campbell-Preston, Frances, 151, 277

  Camrose Lord, see Berry, William, 1st Viscount Camrose

  Canaris, Admiral Wilhelm, 47

  Canetti, Elias, 8–9, 167–8

  Cannadine, David, 228

  Cartland, Ronald, 188

  Carton de Wiart, Ernestine, 95–6

  Carton de Wiart, Major General Adrian, 90, 94–102, 107–8, 115, 117, 133, 137–42, 253, 267, 269

  Cayzer, Charles, 321

  Cazalet, Victor, 209, 321, 344

  Cecil, David, 211

  Cedarbank, 109

  Chamberlain, Anne, 8, 157–8, 160, 166, 174–5, 225, 282, 288, 292, 370, 408

  breakfasts, 174

  Chamberlain, Arthur, 168

  Chamberlain, Austen, 271

  Chamberlain Centenary Movement, 238

  Chamberlain Club, 238

  Chamberlain, Dorothy, 176

  Chamberlain, Francis, 170, 172, 238

  Chamberlain, Frank, 172

  Chamberlain, Hilda, 53, 60, 114, 159, 169, 174, 178, 187, 206, 395

  Chamberlain, Ida, 114, 170, 178, 186, 206, 261, 318, 343

  Chamberlain, Joseph, 160, 163–4, 237–8

  Chamberlain, Neville, 157–89, 407–10

  Altmark incident, 46, 47

  Amery, relationship with, 237–44, 344–5, 275, 317, 347

  appearance and dress, 168–9, 172–3

  art, love of, 176

  Bahamas, life in, 161–5, 170, 174, 188, 262, 304

  biographies of, 14, 17, 167, 262

  bird collection, 163–5, 228

  blockade of Germany, 41, 59, 233

  cancer, 173, 396

  Chequers, 158, 174–6

  Churchill, dinner with (1939), 159–61, 184

  Churchill, loyalty of, 18, 38, 182–7, 317–18, 351

  coalition government, formation of, 361–75, 376–99

  and cigars, 19, 162, 176

  death (1940), 14, 356, 396, 402, 410

  division and aftermath, 304–11, 323–7, 329–49, 351–60

  fishing, 169, 189

  Hitler, relationship with, 53, 59–60, 176, 320, 367

  ‘Hitler missed the bus’ comment, 59–60, 261, 262, 264

  humour, 158

  ‘I have friends in this House’ statement, 285, 358

  leadership, challenges to, 7, 192–4, 234, 237–51

  legacy, 14–19, 157, 159, 165–8

  and Lindsay Memorandum, 253–4

  Munich Agreement (1938), 26, 166–7, 182, 184, 204, 367

  Namsos evacuation, 6, 79, 354

  Norman, death of (1917), 14, 15, 170–71

  Norway Campaign, 26, 68, 72, 75, 79–81, 86–9, 109, 111–16, 125, 135–6, 139, 141, 301

 

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