by Ron Chernow
51. “Longstreet’s Reminiscences.” The New York Times, July 24, 1885.
52. Farmer, National Exposition Souvenir, 59.
53. Pryor, My Day, 379.
54. Farmer, National Exposition Souvenir, 59.
55. Saratoga Daily Advertiser, April 27, 1893.
56. USGH. “Interview with Julia Dent Grant.”
57. McFeely, Grant, 24.
58. Los Angeles Times, February 23, 1896, and Julia Grant, Memoirs, 42.
59. GPL. S2 B5 F20. Los Angeles Times, February 23, 1896, and Julia Grant, Memoirs, 34.
60. Taussig, “Personal Recollections of General Grant.”
61. USGH. “Interview with Eliza Shaw.”
62. Casey, “When Grant Went a-Courtin’.”
63. Ibid.
64. GPL. S2 B5 F20. “Interview with Julia Grant.” HGP.
65. St. Louis Republican, July 24, 1885.
66. Casey, “When Grant Went a-Courtin’.”
67. Ibid.
68. Julia Grant, Memoirs, 50.
69. Ibid., 49.
CHAPTER THREE: ROUGH AND READY
1. Stahr, Seward, 96.
2. Grant, Memoirs, 1:41.
3. Perret, Ulysses S. Grant, 51.
4. GPL. S2 B54 F29. “Conversations with Grant” by John Russell Young. HGP.
5. PUSG, 1:28. Letter to Mrs. George B. Bailey, June 6, 1844.
6. Ibid., 40. Letter to Julia Dent, January 12, 1845.
7. Casey, “When Grant Went a-Courtin’.”
8. Berkin, Civil War Wives, 232.
9. PUSG, 1:44. Letter to Julia Dent, May 6, 1845.
10. Grant, Memoirs, 1:50.
11. PUSG, 1:48. Letter to Julia Dent, July 6, 1845.
12. Ibid., 50. Letter to Julia Dent, July 11, 1845.
13. Ibid., 53. Letter to Julia Dent, September 14, 1845.
14. Ibid., 57. Letter to Julia Dent, October 10, 1845.
15. Sherman, Memoirs, 105.
16. Greenberg, A Wicked War, 99.
17. Grant, Memoirs, 1:95.
18. Girardi, Civil War Generals, 68.
19. PUSG, 31:65. Letter to Thomas H. Taylor, September 19, 1883.
20. “General Grant and the South.” The New York Times, July 24, 1885.
21. Ibid.
22. USGH. “Interview with J. D. Elderkin.” HGP.
23. GPL. S2 B54 F27. Letter from Jesse R. Grant to Thomas L. Hamer, April 20, 1846. HGP.
24. Shapiro, Shakespeare in America, xix.
25. Perret, Ulysses S. Grant, 49.
26. Shapiro, Shakespeare in America, xix.
27. Young, Around the World, 376–77.
28. PUSG, 1:71. Letter to Julia Dent, February 5, 1846.
29. Ibid., 81. Letter to Julia Dent, April 20, 1846.
30. Grant, Memoirs, 1:66.
31. Smith, Grant, 48.
32. PUSG, 1:96. Letter to John W. Lowe, June 26, 1846.
33. Ibid., 85. Letter to Julia Dent, May 11, 1846.
34. Smith, Grant, 339.
35. Garland, “Grant’s Quiet Years at Northern Posts.”
36. Grant, Memoirs, 1:68.
37. Ibid., 69.
38. PUSG, 1:87. Letter to Julia Dent, May 11, 1846.
39. Young, Around the World, 246.
40. PUSG, 1:91. Letter to Julia Dent, June 5, 1846.
41. Ibid., 102. Letter to Julia Dent, July 25, 1846.
42. Ibid., 97. Letter to John W. Lowe, June 26, 1846.
43. Ibid., 106–7. Letter to Bvt. Col. John Garland, August 1846. [n.d.]
44. USGH. “Interview with J. D. Elderkin.” HGP.
45. PUSG, 1:121. Letter from Brig. Gen. Thomas L. Hamer to a friend [Dec. 1846].
46. Ibid., 105. Letter to Julia Dent, August 14, 1846.
47. Grant, Memoirs, 1:76.
48. Smith, Grant, 55.
49. Simpson, “Butcher? Racist?”
50. Smith, Grant, 55.
51. Grant, Memoirs, 1:78.
52. Ibid., 81–82.
53. Ibid., 82.
54. PUSG, 1:117. Letter to Julia Dent, November 7, 1846.
55. Ibid.
56. GPL. S2 B54 F43. “Interview with Chilton A. White.” HGP.
57. Grant, Memoirs, 1:83.
58. Smith, Grant, 59.
59. Grant, Memoirs, 1:83.
60. Porter, Campaigning with Grant, 193.
61. Grant, Memoirs, 1:94.
62. PUSG, 1:128. Letter to Julia Dent, February 25, 1847.
63. Korda, Clouds of Glory, 117.
64. Grant, Memoirs, 1:87.
65. PUSG, 1:129. Letter to Julia Dent, April 3, 1847.
66. Greenberg, A Wicked War, 208.
67. USGA Newsletter, January 1971.
68. Grant, Report of the First Reunion, 41.
69. PUSG, 1:131. Letter to Julia Dent, April 24, 1847.
70. Ibid., 132.
71. Ibid., 145. Letter to Addressee Unknown, September 12, 1847.
72. Ibid., 144. Letter to Addressee Unknown, August 22, 1847.
73. Korda, Clouds of Glory, 141.
74. PUSG, 1:143. Letter to Addressee Unknown, August 22, 1847.
75. Julia Grant, Memoirs, 315.
76. “Longstreet’s Reminiscences.” The New York Times, July 24, 1885.
77. Grant, Memoirs, 1:104.
78. USGH. “Interview with J. D. Elderkin.” HGP.
79. GPL. S2 B54 F41. Letter from Major Edwin A. Sherman to Edward J. Wheeler, October 6, 1908. HGP.
80. PUSG, 11:298. Letter from Bvt. Lt. Gen. Winfield Scott to Elihu B. Washburne, July 2, 1864.
81. Grant, Memoirs, 1:106.
82. Ibid., 109.
83. PUSG, 1:183. Letter from Bvt. Maj. Gen. Roger Jones, January 14, 1850.
84. Young, Men and Memories, 2:474.
85. Korda, Clouds of Glory, 155.
86. Pryor, Reading the Man, 167.
87. New York World, July 5, 1881.
88. Grant, Memoirs, 1:111.
89. PUSG, 1:146. Letter to Julia Dent, September 1847.
90. Ibid., 147.
91. Grant, Memoirs, 1:112.
92. PUSG, 1:149. Letter to Julia Dent, January 9, 1848.
93. Grant, Memoirs, 1:119.
94. Ibid., 120.
95. PUSG, 1:157. Letter to Julia Dent, May 7, 1848.
96. GPL. S2 B54 F13. “Interview with J. D. Elderkin.” HGP.
97. Simpson, Ulysses S. Grant, 44–45.
98. GPL. S2 B4 F10. Letter from Tekones Rowe [John Rowe?] to his wife, May 12, 1848.
99. Ibid., S2 B24 F12. Letter from Richard Dawson to Hamlin Garland, July 17, 1896. HGP.
100. Grant, Memoirs, 1:129.
101. Foner, Fiery Trial, 52.
102. Grant, Memoirs, 1:42.
103. Foner, Fiery Trial, 53.
CHAPTER FOUR: THE SON OF TEMPERANCE
1. Perret, Ulysses S. Grant, 80.
2. GPL. S2 B5 F20. “Interview with Julia Grant.” HGP.
3. Casey, “When Grant Went a-Courtin.’”
4. Ross, The General’s Wife, 45.
5. Waugh, U. S. Grant, 33.
6. GPL. S2 B54 F9. “Interview with Samuel Simpson.” HGP.
7. Troy Intelligencer, April 17, 1892.
8. USGH. “Interview with Louisa Boggs.” HGP.
9. GPL. S2 B21 F8. LLP.
10. USGH. “Interview with Louisa Boggs.” HGP.
11. Ross, The General’s Wife, 48.
12. Julia Grant, Memoirs, 56.
13. Ibid., 57.
14. Ibid.
15. Ibid., 58.
16. Ibid.
17. Ibid.
18. Richardson, A Personal History, 110.
19. The New York Times Book Review, July 1, 2012.
20. Smith, Grant, 75.
21. Garland, “Grant’s Quiet Years at Northern Posts.”
22. Perret, Ulysses S. Grant, 85.
23. USGH. “Interview with Colonel James E. Pitman.” WCCP.
24. GPL. S2 B5 F20. “Interview with Julia Grant.” HGP.
25. Ibid.
26. Julia Grant, Memoirs, 68.
27. USGH. “Interview with Colonel James E. Pitman.” WCCP.
28. Simpson, Ulysses S. Grant, 51.
29. USGH. “Interview with Colonel James E. Pitman.” WCCP.
30. GPL. S2 B54 F8. “Interview with Silas Farmer.” HGP.
31. PUSG, 1:194. Letter to Bvt. Maj. Oscar F. Winship, June 14, 1850.
32. Simpson, Ulysses S. Grant, 52.
33. USGH. “Interview with Colonel James E. Pitman.” WCCP.
34. Ibid.
35. Richardson, A Personal History, 119.
36. PUSG, 1:206–7. Letter to Julia Dent Grant, June 7, 1851.
37. Ibid., 212. Letter to Julia Dent Grant, June 22, 1851.
38. Ibid., 223. Letter to Julia Dent Grant, August 3, 1851.
39. Ibid., 215. Letter to Julia Dent Grant, June 29, 1851.
40. Simpson, Ulysses S. Grant, 53.
41. Garland, “Grant’s Quiet Years at Northern Posts.”
42. Okrent, Last Call, 9.
43. Perret, Ulysses S. Grant, 87.
44. Garland, “Grant’s Quiet Years at Northern Posts.”
45. Ross, The General’s Wife, 68.
46. Julia Grant, Memoirs, 69.
47. Ibid., 71.
48. Ibid.
49. PUSG, 1:243. Letter to Julia Dent Grant, July 1, 1852.
50. LoC. WCCP. Box 2. “Interview with H. C. Hodges.”
51. Perret, Ulysses S. Grant, 93.
52. PUSG, 1:248. Letter to Julia Dent Grant, July 15, 1852.
53. GPL. S2 B5 F27–28. Undated obituary of Ulysses S. Grant Jr.
54. McFeely, Grant, 47.
55. Garland, “Grant’s Quiet Years at Northern Posts.”
56. Ohio Daily Journal, January 27, 1880.
57. Grant, Memoirs, 1:131.
58. Garland, “Grant’s Quiet Years at Northern Posts.”
59. Grant, Memoirs, 1:131.
60. Ibid., 132.
61. Lewis, “Reminiscences of Delia B. Sheffield.”
62. Garland, “Grant’s Quiet Years at Northern Posts.”
63. PUSG, 1:253. Letter to Julia Dent Grant, August 9, 1852.
64. Ibid., 252.
65. Ibid., 288. Letter to Julia Dent Grant, February 15, 1853.
66. San Francisco Chronicle, October 6, 1879.
67. PUSG, 1:257. Letter to Julia Dent Grant, August 20, 1852.
68. Ibid., 257–58.
69. Grant, Memoirs, 1:135.
70. PUSG, 1:267. Letter to Julia Dent Grant, September 19, 1852.
71. Ibid., 279. Letter to Julia Dent Grant, January 3, 1853.
72. Allen and Boskey, “The Aftereffects of Alcoholism.”
73. GPL. S2 B54 F10. “Interview with General A. G. Smith.” HGP.
74. Ibid. S2 B24 F13. “Interview with Julia Dent Grant.” HGP.
75. PUSG, 1:268. Letter to Julia Dent Grant, October 7, 1852.
76. Stahr, Seward, 138.
77. PUSG, 1:270. Letter to Julia Dent Grant, October 26, 1852.
78. Ibid., 286. Letter to Julia Dent Grant, January 29, 1853.
79. USGH. “Interview with J. D. Elderkin.” HGP.
80. Lewis, “Reminiscences of Delia B. Sheffield.”
81. Garland, “Grant’s Quiet Years at Northern Posts.”
82. PUSG, 1:307. Letter to Julia Dent Grant, July 13, 1853.
83. GPL. S2 B54 F30. Letter from Thomas M. Anderson, November 25, 1897. HGP.
84. PUSG, 1:296. Letter to Julia Dent Grant, March 19, 1853.
85. GPL. S2 B54 F41. Letter from Major Edwin A. Sherman to Edward J. Wheeler, October 6, 1908. HGP.
86. PUSG, 1:300. Letter to Julia Dent Grant, May 20, 1853.
87. Lewis, “Reminiscences of Delia B. Sheffield.”
88. Ellington, The Trial of U. S. Grant, 122.
89. Smith, Grant, 638.
90. GPL. S2 B4 F10. Letter from Henry C. Hodges to William C. Church, January 5, 1876. WCCP.
91. Simpson, Ulysses S. Grant, 58.
92. Lewis, “Reminiscences of Delia B. Sheffield.”
93. GPL. S2 B24 F15. “Interview with General Robert Macfeely.” HGP.
94. Ellington, The Trial of U. S. Grant, 168.
95. Perret, Ulysses S. Grant, 101.
96. PUSG, 1:288. Letter to Julia Dent Grant, February 15, 1853.
CHAPTER FIVE: PAYDAY
1. PUSG, 1:315. Letter to Julia Dent Grant, January 18, 1854.
2. Ibid.
3. Ibid., 316. Letter to Julia Dent Grant, February 2, 1854.
4. Ibid., 317.
5. Ibid., 316.
6. Ibid., 320. Letter to Julia Dent Grant, February 6, 1854.
7. Ibid., 321.
8. Ellington, The Trial of U. S. Grant, 151.
9. Shields, “General Grant at Fort Humboldt in the Early Days.”
10. Ibid.
11. GPL. S2 B54 F39. Letter from Stephen L. Merchant to Hamlin Garland, December 27, 1896. HGP.
12. Shields, “General Grant at Fort Humboldt in the Early Days.”
13. Ellington, The Trial of U. S. Grant, 133.
14. Shields, “General Grant at Fort Humboldt in the Early Days.”
15. GPL. S2 B24 F14. “Interview with General Henry Heth.” HGP.
16. LoC. WCCP. Box 2. “Interview with W. I. Reed.”
17. Grant, Memoirs, 1:141.
18. PUSG, 1:323. Letter to Julia Dent Grant, March 6, 1854.
19. Ibid.
20. Smith, Grant, 88.
21. GPL. S2 B54 F7. “Interview with General Augustus Chetlain.” HGP.
22. LoC. WCCP. Box 2. Letter from Col. Granville O. Haller to William Conant Church. [n.d.]
23. GPL. S2 B54 F9. Letter from Ben Perley Poore to Hamlin Garland, August 1, 1885. HGP.
24. Ibid. S2 B4 F9–11. Letter from Thomas M. Anderson to Gen. Charles King, January 20, 1915.
25. Ibid. S2 B4 F10. Letter from Henry C. Hodges to William C. Church, January 5, 1876. WCCP.
26. Ibid. S2 B54 F30. Letter from Thomas M. Anderson to Hamlin Garland. August 15, 1896. HGP.
27. Ibid.
28. Morgan, “From City Point to Appomattox with General Grant.”
29. Wilson, Rawlins, 18.
30. Woodward, Mary Chesnut’s Civil War, 520. Diary entry for January 1, 1864.
31. PUSG, 1:330–31. Letter from Jesse Grant to Jefferson Davis, June 21, 1854.
32. McFeely, Grant, 56.
33. Ross, The General’s Wife, 75.
34. Ibid.
35. “Mrs. U. S. Grant Sinking.” Chicago Sunday Tribune, December 14, 1902.
36. Young, Around the World, 378.
37. The New York Times, July 24, 1885.
38. Richardson, A Personal History, 135.
39. Ellington, The Trial of U. S. Grant, 163.
40. Shields, “General Grant at Fort Humboldt in the Early Days.”
41. PUSG, 1:332. Letter to Julia Dent Grant, May 2, 1854.
42. Grant, Memoirs, 1:139.
43. GPL. S2 B24
F13. “Interview with Julia Dent Grant.” HGP.
44. Ibid.
45. Ibid. S2 B25 F13. “Interview with Major Elderkin.” HGP.
46. Garland, “Grant’s Quiet Years at Northern Posts.”
47. “New Story of Grant.” The St. Louis Globe-Democrat, December 13, 1896.
48. Stahr, Seward, 144.
49. PUSG, 32:11–12. Letter to Thomas H. Stevens, June 13, 1854.
50. Ibid., 1:305. Letter to Julia Dent Grant, June 28, 1853.
51. GPL. S2 B54 F33. Letter from Walter B. Camp to Hamlin Garland, October 17, 1896. HGP.
52. USGH. “Interview with Simon Bolivar Buckner.” HGP.
53. Ranney, The Papers of Frederick Law Olmsted, 346.
54. Corum, Ulysses Underground, 240.
55. Waugh, U. S. Grant, 41.
56. Stevens, Grant in St. Louis, 36.
57. GPL. S2 B5 F20. “Interview with Julia Dent Grant.” HGP.
58. McFeely, Grant, 56–57.
59. Ibid., 57.
60. Julia Grant, Memoirs, 76.
61. Ibid.
62. USGH. “Interview with Louisa Boggs.” HGP.
63. GPL. S2 B54 F34. Letter from G. W. Fishback to Hamlin Garland, March 7, 1895. HGP.
64. Julia Grant, Memoirs, 78.
65. Garland, “Grant’s Life in Missouri.”
66. USGA Newsletter, January 21, 1971.
67. Richardson, A Personal History, 140.
68. Taussig, “Personal Recollections of General Grant.”
69. Ibid.
70. Julia Grant, Memoirs, 78.
71. Grant, Memoirs, 1:141.
72. Julia Grant, Memoirs, 79.
73. USGH. “Interview with Julia Grant.”
74. Julia Grant, Memoirs, 75.
75. St. Louis Republican, July 24, 1885.
76. Grant, “General Grant’s Son Speaks of His Father.”
77. GPL. S2 B5 F20. “Interview with Julia Grant.” HGP.
78. Grant, “General Grant’s Son Speaks of His Father.”
79. St. Louis Republican, July 24, 1885.
80. Grant, “My Father as I Knew Him.”
81. GPL. S2 B54 F23. Letter from M. T. Burke to Hamlin Garland, September 26, 1896. HGP.
82. Watrous, “Grant as His Son Saw Him.”
83. Julia Grant, Memoirs, 162.
84. “Grant Reminiscences.” Chicago Daily Tribune, September 1, 1885.
85. Julia Grant, Memoirs, 162.
86. GPL. S2 B5 F27–28. Undated obituary for Ulysses S. Grant, Jr.
87. Ross, The General’s Wife, 139.
88. Smith, Grant, 92.
89. Stevens, Grant in St. Louis, 44.