she was eighty-four: Gina Kolata, “Dr. Barbara McClintock, 90, Gene Research Pioneer, Dies,” New York Times, September 4, 1992.
A Return to the Self: Anthony Storr, Solitude: A Return to the Self (New York: Free Press, 1988).
“care to display”: Isaac Asimov, “Isaac Asimov Asks, ‘How Do People Get New Ideas?’” MIT Technology Review, published with permission of Asimov Holdings, October 20, 2014.
pass on to posterity: Special cable to the New York Times, “$100,000 in Pictures Destroyed by Monet,” New York Times, May 16, 1908.
into the Arno: Michael Kimmelman, “Robert Rauschenberg, American Artist, Dies at 82,” New York Times, May 14, 2008.
“peaceful when desired”: Thuy-vy T. Nguyen, Richard M. Ryan, and Edward L. Deci, “Solitude as an Approach to Affective Self-Regulation,” Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 44, no. 1 (October 2017): 92–106. Also: University of Rochester NewsCenter, Rochester.edu.
a “moral inventory”: Alan Westin, Privacy and Freedom (New York: IG Publishing, Association of the Bar of the City of New York, 1967).
Research in Personality: Jerry M. Burger, “Individual Differences in Preference for Solitude,” Journal of Research in Personality 29, no. 1 (March 1995): 85–108.
“get the alone time”: Bill Clinton, My Life (New York: Vintage Books, 2005).
powerful or outsiders: John D. Barbour, “A View from Religious Studies: Solitude and Spirituality,” in The Handbook of Solitude: Psychological Perspectives on Social Isolation, Social Withdrawal, and Being Alone, eds. Robert J. Coplan and Julie C. Bowker (West Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons, 2014).
(often wrong) distinction: Burger, “Individual Differences.”
selfish and unselfish: Abraham H. Maslow, Toward a Psychology of Being (Jersey City, NJ: Start Publishing, 2012).
solitude can offer: Burger, “Individual Differences.”
detachment, and meditativeness: Maslow, Toward a Psychology of Being.
whether or not it’s voluntary: Nguyen, Ryan, and Deci, “Solitude as an Approach to Affective Self-Regulation.”
play a role: Kenneth H. Rubin, “Foreword: On Solitude, Withdrawal, and Social Isolation,” in The Handbook of Solitude: Psychological Perspectives on Social Isolation, Social Withdrawal, and Being Alone, eds. Robert J. Coplan and Julie C. Bowker (West Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons, 2014).
solitude and excessive loneliness: James R. Averill and Louise Sundararajan, “Experiences of Solitude: Issues of Assessment, Theory, and Culture,” in The Handbook of Solitude: Psychological Perspectives on Social Isolation, Social Withdrawal, and Being Alone, eds. Robert J. Coplan and Julie C. Bowker (West Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons, 2014).
“trip in Wales”: Charles Darwin, “This Is the Question Marry Not Marry,” in The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online, ed. John van Wyhe, 2002, http://darwin-online.org.uk/.
“good deal of solitude”: Charles Darwin, “Letter no. 489,” Darwin Correspondence Project, accessed on March 3, 2018, http://www.darwinproject.ac.uk/DCP-LETT-489.xml.
six hours a day: English Heritage, “Description of Down House,” http://www.english-heritage.org.uk/visit/places/home-of-charles-darwin-down-house/history/description/.
solve a problem: Sir Hedley Atkins, Down: The Home of the Darwins; The Story of a House and the People Who Lived There (London: Phillimore for the Royal College of Surgeons of England, 1976).
here and now: Charles Baudelaire, The Painter of Modern Life and Other Essays, ed. and trans. Jonathan Mayne (London: Phaidon Press, 1964).
“this being-with-everything”: Rainer Maria Rilke, Letters of Rainer Maria Rilke, 1892–1910, trans. Jane Bannard Greene and M.D. Herter Norton (New York: W.W. Norton, 1945).
“to live it”: John Russell, Paris (New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., Publishers, 1983).
limiting or flat-out unhealthy: Storr, Solitude.
“heart of the multitude”: Baudelaire, Painter of Modern Life.
“charmed flâneur” in Italian Hours: Henry James, Italian Hours (Boston and New York: Houghton Mifflin, 1909).
living in Paris: Julia Child with Alex Prud’homme, My Life in France (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2006).
Café et Pluie ~ Coffee and Rain
“soul is lost”: Eleanor Clark, The Oysters of Locmariaquer (New York: Harper Perennial, 2006).
street of writers: Marquis de Rochegude, Promenades dans toutes les rues de Paris: 5e Arrondissement (Internet Archive, Paris: Hachette, 1910), https://archive.org/stream/promenadesdansto05rochuoft#page/n5/mode/2up.
apartment there in the 1700s: Denis Diderot, Oeuvres de Diderot, vol. 1 (Paris: Paulin, 1843).
late-fifteenth century: Michel Poisson, Paris Buildings and Monuments: An Illustrated Guide with Over 850 Drawings and Neighborhood Maps (New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., Publishers, 1999).
what is now Turkey: Anastasia Loukaitou-Sideris and Renia Ehrenfeucht, Sidewalks: Conflict and Negotiation over Public Space (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2009).
marshes of Guérande: Poilâne Bakery, http://laboiteny.com/poilane-bakery.
(Poilâne’s bread sculptures): Meg Bortin, “Apollonia Poilâne Builds on Her Family’s Legacy,” New York Times, June 18, 2008.
rue de Buci: Les Deux Magots, http://www.lesdeuxmagots.fr/en/history-restaurant-paris.html.
“bread with another”: Oxford University Press, “Companion,” https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/companion.
that “emphasizes togetherness”: UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity List, “Gastronomic Meal of the French,” https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/gastronomic-meal-of-the-french-00437.
“delights of the moment”: Fred B. Bryant and Joseph Veroff, Savoring: A New Model of Positive Experience (Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 2007).
“baking the batch”: Poilane, “Discover Our Universe,” https://www.poilane.com/en_US/page/about.
tips of his fingers: “PARIS Lionel Poilane THE BAKER,” CBS Sunday Morning, video, 3:59, June 7, 2010, YouTube, https://www.youtu.becom/WYOOyNZ5axs.
platter of sole meunière: Child, My Life in France.
bite or sip: Clark, Oysters of Locmariaquer.
“suddenly from the oven”: Jean-Paul Aron, The Art of Eating in France: Manners and Menus in the Nineteenth Century, trans. Nina Rootes (New York: Harper & Row, 1975).
“guilt and shame”: Sonja Lyubomirsky, The How of Happiness: A Scientific Approach to Getting the Life You Want (New York: Penguin Press, 2008).
psychologist Daniel T. Gilbert: Matthew A. Killingsworth and Daniel T. Gilbert, “A Wandering Mind Is an Unhappy Mind,” Science 330, no. 6006 (November 2010): 932.
you are in the present: Steve Bradt, “Wandering Mind Not a Happy Mind,” Harvard Gazette, November 11, 2010.
a TEDxCambridge conference: Matt Killingsworth, “Want to Be Happier? Stay in the Moment,” TEDxCambridge, November 2011, https://www.ted.com/talks/matt_killingsworth_want_to_be_happier_stay_in_the_moment.
wife in 1902: Rilke, Letters.
pajamas, drinking Champagne: Luke Barr, Provence, 1970: M.F. K. Fisher, Julia Child, James Beard, and the Reinvention of American Taste (New York: Clarkson Potter, 2013).
his hotel room: James Beard, The Armchair James Beard (New York: Open Road Integrated Media, 2015).
La Vie est Trop Courte Pour Boire du Mauvais Vin ~ Life Is Too Short to Drink Bad Wine
“make it yourself”: Diana Vreeland, Diana Vreeland: The Eye Has to Travel, directed by Lisa Immordino Vreeland, Bent-Jorgen Perlmutt, and Frédéric Tcheng, 2011.
“sky,” he wrote: Thich Nhat Hanh, Peace Is Every Step: The Path of Mindfulness in Everyday Life (New York: Bantam Books, 1991).
market research company: The NPD Group/National Eating Trends, “Consumers Are Alone Over Half of Eating Occasions as a Result of Changing Lifestyles and More Single-Person
Households, Reports NPD,” August 6, 2014, https://www.npd.com/wps/portal/npd/us/news/press-releases/consumers-are-alone-over-half-of-eating-occasions-as-a-result-of-changing-lifestyles-and-more-single-person-households-reports-npd/.
“it is almost fashionable”: Stephen Dutton, “South Korea Sets the Standard for Global Solo Dining Trends,” Euromonitor International, August 12, 2016.
“snackification of meals”: “Evolving Trend in Eating Occassions: ‘All by Myself,’” Hartman Group, April 19, 2016.
Economic Cooperation and Development: Sophie Hardach, “Sleeping and Eating—the French Do It Best,” Reuters, May 4, 2009.
“for the theatre”: Alice B. Toklas, The Alice B. Toklas Cook Book (New York: Harper Perennial, 2010).
not at mealtime: Nathaniel Hawthorne, “Concord, May 29th, 1844,” Love Letters of Nathaniel Hawthorne, Volume 2 of 2 (Project Gutenberg, 2012; originally published 1907).
“Refuses to Dine Alone”: Barrett McGurn, “Pope John’s First Year—II: He Shatters Tradition, Refuses to Dine Alone,” Daily Boston Globe, October 20, 1959, 25.
not a “with”: Erving Goffman, Relations in Public: Microstudies of the Public Order (New Brunswick, NJ: Transactions Publishers, 2010).
Personality and Social Psychology: Thomas D. Gilovich, Victoria Husted Medvec, and Kenneth Savitsky, “The Spotlight Effect in Social Judgment: An Egocentric Bias in Estimates of the Salience of One’s Own Actions and Appearance,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 78, no. 2 (2000): 211–22.
search of answers: Bella DePaulo, “Single in a Society Preoccupied with Couples,” in The Handbook of Solitude: Psychological Perspectives on Social Isolation, Social Withdrawal, and Being Alone, eds. Robert J. Coplan and Julie C. Bowker (West Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons, 2014).
only for galas: Aron, Art of Eating in France.
A Room of One’s Own: Virginia Woolf, A Room of One’s Own (New York and Burlingame: Harcourt, Brace & World, 1929 and 1957).
New York Times: “Women’s Right to Eat Alone: Republican Club Members Vote for It, but Oppose Sunday Opening,” New York Times, February 12, 1908.
“experience with that situation”: Craig Claiborne, “Dining Alone Can Pose Problem for a Woman,” New York Times, June 16, 1964.
“enter a restaurant”: Deborah Harkins, “The City Politic: Sex and the City Council,” New York magazine, April 27, 1970.
partner, Jill Ward: Voices of Feminism Oral History Project, Sophia Smith Collection, Smith College, Northampton, MA. Dolores Alexander interviewed by Kelly Anderson, March 20, 2004 and October 22, 2005, Southold, NY.
magazine in 1975: Jim Jerome, “Feminists Hail a Restaurant Where the Piece de Resistance Is an Attitude, Not a Dish,” People Magazine 3, no. 21 (June 2, 1975).
about its pleasures: M.F.K. Fisher, Gourmet, 1948.
to “Supper Alone”: Marion Cunningham, Marion Cunningham’s Good Eating: The Breakfast Book; The Supper Book (New York: Wings Books, 1999).
“reading a book”: “Fran Lebowitz: By the Book,” New York Times, March 21, 2017.
restaurant reservations company: Caroline Potter, “You’re Not Alone: OpenTable Study Reveals Rise in Solo Dining, Names Top Restaurants for Solo Diners,” OpenTable, October 7, 2015.
parts of Asia, too: AFP Relaxnews, “Table for one: Solo dining trend is rising in Europe,” Inquirer.net, May 4, 2017.
Euromonitor has found: Daphne Kasriel-Alexander, “Top 10 Global Consumer Trends for 2017,” Euromonitor International.
smell of the food: “Testing Out Ichiran Ramen’s ‘Flavor Concentration Booths’—NYC Dining Spotlight, Episode 12,” ZAGAT, video, 4:37, November 22, 2016, YouTube, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BxdMZ7Co03s.
tickled by the concept: Andy Warhol, The Philosophy of Andy Warhol: From A to B and Back Again (New York: Harcourt, 1977).
conducive to savoring: Dutton, “South Korea Sets the Standard.”
“is not come”: Frank H Stauffer in the Epoch, “Stories About Musicians: Haydn Ate a Dinner for Five—Paesiello’s Best Music Was Written in Bed,” Boston Daily Globe, October 5, 1889.
“companions at the table”: A.J. Liebling, Between Meals: An Appetite for Paris (New York: North Point Press, 1986).
A Picnic for One in the Luxembourg Gardens
“place to settle”: Beard, The Armchair James Beard.
Aron put it: Aron, Art of Eating in France.
her native Florence: Paris Tourism website, https://en.parisinfo.com/paris-museum-monument/71393/Jardin-du-Luxembourg.
associated with ourselves: John T. Jones, Brett W. Pelham, Mauricio Carvallo, and Matthew C. Mirenberg, “How Do I Love Thee? Let Me Count the Js: Implicit Egotism and Interpersonal Attraction,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 87, no. 5 (November 2004): 665–83.
calls “super-encounterers”: Sanda Erdelez, “Information Encountering; A Conceptual Framework for Accidental Information Discovery,” ISIC ’96 Proceedings of an international conference on Information seeking in context, Taylor Graham Publishing, 412–21.
played in their discoveries: Pagan Kennedy, “How to Cultivate the Art of Serendipity,” New York Times, January 2, 2016.
be on hand: “History Timeline: Post-it Notes”, About Us, 3M Corporation, accessed March 7, 2018, https://www.post-it.com/3M/en_US/post-it/contact-us/about-us/.
the word’s etymology: Robert K. Merton and Elinor Barber, The Travels and Adventures of Serendipity (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2004).
“deep in the stream”: Woolf, A Room of One’s Own.
Of Oysters and Chablis
“quite works out”: Molly O’Neill, “Savoring the World According to Julia,” New York Times, October 11, 1989.
“splendour and majesty”: Baudelaire, Painter of Modern Life.
“sort of spiritual revolution”: Craig Claiborne, “A Young American’s Palate Gets an Education at Troisgros,” New York Times, February 12, 1975.
“glass of wine”: “Les Éditeurs,” TimeOut Paris, August 16, 2013, https://www.timeout.com/paris/en/restaurants/les-editeurs.
on rue Montorgueil: Stohrer website, http://stohrer.fr/.
across from a frog: Casey Baseel, “Sanrio’s Kero Kero Keroppi Hops Into Restaurant Biz with Character Cafe in Japan!” SoraNews24, April 25, 2017.
while at La Closerie: “Hemingway’s Paris,” New York Times, 2006, http://www.nytimes.com/fodors/top/features/travel/destinations/europe/france/paris/fdrs_feat_117_11.html.
“enjoy an oyster”: Clark, Oysters of Locmariaquer.
Musée de la Vie Romantique
“at our disposal . . . ”: Marcel Proust, Remembrance of Things Past (New York: Random House, 1949), https://archive.org/details/ost-english-remembranceofthi029925mbp.
Duke Ellington played: Paris Tourism website, “Paris: the plaque in memory of Gainsbourg unveiled by Jane and Charlotte,” Le Parisien, March 10, 2016. Michael Dregni, Django: The Life and Music of a Gypsy Legend (New York: Oxford University Press, 2004).
wondered in his journal: Hubert Wellington, The Journal of Eugene Delacroix (London: Phaidon Press, 1995).
toured the museum alone: Martin Tröndle, Stephanie Wintzerith, Roland Wäspe, and Wolfgang Tschacher, “A Museum for the Twenty-first Century: The Influence of ‘Sociality’ on Art Reception in Museum Space,” Museum Management and Curatorship, February 2012.
just in different ways: Jan Packer and Roy Ballantyne, “Solitary vs. Shared Learning: Exploring the Social Dimension of Museum Learning,” Curator: The Museum Journal 48, no 2 (2005).
Drake or Debussy: Stephanie Rosenbloom, “The Art of Slowing Down in a Museum,” New York Times, October 9, 2014.
Environment and Behavior: Stephen Kaplan, Lisa V. Bardwell, and Deborah B. Slakter, “The Museum as a Restorative Environment,” Environment and Behavior 25, no. 6 (November 1, 1993): 725–42.
>
“tranquillity and personal freedom”: Stéphane Debenedetti, “Investigating the Role of Companions in the Art Museum Experience,” International Journal of Arts Management 5, no. 3 (Spring 2003).
didn’t have many friends: Ratner and Hamilton, “Inhibited from Bowling Alone.”
“visit a friend”: John Steinbeck, Travels with Charley: In Search of America (New York: Penguin Books, 1980).
few of the latter: Paris Tourism website.
someplace more intimate: Parc Monceau: Marcel Proust, Swann’s Way: Remembrance of Things Past, vol. 1, trans. C.K. Scott Moncrieff (New York: Henry Holt, 1922).
It attracted banking families: The Parc Monceau website, http://madparis.fr/en/museums/musee-nissim-de-camondo/the-mansion-and-the-collections/the-parc-monceau.
banks in the Ottoman Empire: Les Arts Décoratifs website, http://www.lesartsdecoratifs.fr/en/museums/musee-nissim-de-camondo/.
than in the desk: Mervyn Rothstein, “A Parisian Trip to the 1700’s,” New York Times, January 20, 1991.
“idea of perfect happiness”: Camille Claudel, “Confessions. An Album to Record Opinions, Thoughts, Feelings, Ideas, Peculiarities, Impressions, Characteristics,” May 16, 1888, http://www.musee-rodin.fr/en/collections/archives/confessions.
“the Plaine Monceau”: Emile Zola, Nana, The Miller’s Daughter, Captain Burle, Death of Olivier Becaille (Project Gutenberg, 2006; originally published 1941).
“corners of Paris”: Henry James, The American, produced by Pauline J. Iacono, John Hamm, and David Widger, 1877.
“something good to eat”: Colette, “Claudine in Paris,” in Colette: The Complete Claudine, trans. Antonia White (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1976).
Murillo, Parc Monceau: George Sand and Gustave Flaubert, The George Sand-Gustave Flaubert Letters, trans. A.L. McKenzie (Project Gutenberg, 2004; originally published 1921).
once put it: Gustave Caillebotte, Sotheby’s catalogue, “Le Parc Monceau, Impressionist and Modern Art Evening Sale,” London, February 5, 2013, http://www.sothebys.com/en/auctions/ecatalogue/2013/impressionist-modern-art-evening-sale-l13002/lot.32.html.
Alone Time Page 20