by James Gleick
accuracy of, 330, 348
crisis in, 99–100, 226, 234, 239
Dyson’s, 266–72, 377–78
early, 48–49
Feynman’s, 127–29, 146–48, 245–52, 258, 267–77, 311, 321, 380–81
“partons” of, 394
Schwinger’s, 251–52, 255–62, 266–69, 275–76, 321
Tomonaga’s, 259–61
Quantum Electrodynamics, 12
quantum mechanics, 13, 55–56, 70–77, 88–89
causality and, 7, 40, 70–72, 112, 243, 371
chemistry and, 40, 87
diffusion and, 174–75, 249
exclusion principle, 6–7, 255, 258
infinities in, 4, 49, 99–100, 231–32, 238
Klein-Gordon equation, 74
least action in, 121, 127–29, 131–32, 138–39, 147, 247–50
mysteriousness of, 40, 44–45, 54, 70–71, 114,436–37
philosophy and, 40, 70–72, 243–44, 371–72, 375
probability in, 72–75, 88, 128, 132, 246–49, 275, 393–94, 433
two-slit experiment, 247–48, 250, 366
uncertainty and, 8, 70, 72–73, 75, 78, 89, 258, 321, 361, 429–30, 435
wave-particle duality, 7, 18–19, 40, 54, 80, 250, 261–62
quarks, 9, 390–96, 402–3, 432
quasiparticles, 300–302
Quine, W. V., 371
Quintilian, 313
Rabi, Isidor Isaac, 232, 233, 386
anti-Semitism and, 53
at Columbia, 232, 234, 251
Feynman and, 144, 296
at Pocono, 255
at Radiation Laboratory, 91, 137, 141
Schwinger and, 215–16, 243
at Trinity, 154, 156
radar, 91, 124, 136–38, 209, 216
radiation resistance, 109–11, 114
radiation science, 196–200
radio, 17–19, 46–47
ham, 282
rainbow, 130, 434
Ramanujan, Srinivasa, 238
Rand, Sally, 41
Reagan, Ronald W., 416
reality, 38, 44–45, 101, 243–44, 375, 395
Reichstag, 167
relativity, 71, 99–100
general, 42, 74–75, 115, 316, 329, 351—54
popularization of, 42–43, 45, 429–30
quantum electrodynamics and, 99–100
renormalization, 239–40, 251–52, 259–62, 270, 282, 330, 377
qualms over, 347–49, 378, 380
Resnick, Judith, 415
Reviews of Modern Physics, 80, 249
Rhodes, Richard, 159
Richter, Charles, 281–82
Ride, Sally, 417
Riordan, Michael, 389–90
risk, 197, 427–28
Ritz, Walter, 118–19
Robertson, H. P., 130
Roethke, Theodore, 412–13
Rogers, Will, 281
Rogers, William P., 416–17, 419–23, 426
Rome, University of, 166
Röntgen, Wilhelm, 99
Rosen, Nathan, 216
Rothstein, E. V., 412
Royal Air Force, 236–37
Rubáiyát (Omar Khayyám), 343
Russell, Henry Norris, 115
Ruth, Babe, 43–44, 327
Rutherford, Ernest, 71
S matrix, 267, 329
safecracking, 15, 189–90
Sakharov, Andrei, 297
Salam, Abdus, 405, 431
Salieri, Antonio, 322
Salk, Jonas, 133
samba, 286, 340
Sands, Matthew, 343, 363
Schein, Marcel, 304
Schrieffer, Robert, 303
Schrödinger, Erwin, 73–75, 88, 128, 232, 242, 246, 367
cat, 243
Schrödinger equation, 73, 88–89, 102, 129, 146–47, 174, 249, 301, 436
Schweber, Silvan S., 348, 386–87
Schwinger, Julian, 158, 215–16, 227, 243, 295, 309, 395
childhood, 48–49
early papers, 48–49
Feynman and, 16, 49, 252, 377–79
Nobel Prize, 377–79
at Pocono, 5–6, 255–58
quantum electrodynamics and, 239, 241, 251–53, 255–63, 266–69, 271, 275–77, 279–80, 321, 347, 367
at Shelter Island, 233–34
students, 276–77, 378
science
as career, 52–53
creativity in, 314, 321, 324–26, 409
experimental attitude, 14–16, 19
explanation in, 29
laws of, 13–14
military financing of, 4, 209–11, 294–95, 385
religion and, 31–32, 58–60
Science, 145
science fiction, 121, 235, 255, 299
Scientific American, 104, 414
scientists
aging of, 347
as children, 17, 19
as craftsmen, 321–22
as nerds, 44, 63
patriotism of, 137
public view of, 40–42, 44, 203
Scobee, Francis, 415–16
Segrè, Emilio, 198–99
seismology, 281–82
Selective Service, 222–25, 297
Serber, Robert, 163, 168–69, 173
sexual politics, 287–91,411–12
Shaaray Tefila, 23
Shakespeare, William, 313, 314, 317, 325, 328
Shelter Island conference (1948), 232–34
Shockley, William, 85, 137
Siegel, Carl Ludwig, 98
simplicity, see nature, simplicity in
Sitwell, Edith, 106
Slater, John C, 40, 53–55, 67–68, 83–91, 94, 301, 366
Slotin, Louis, 196–97
Slotnick, Murray, 270–72, 282
Smith, Lloyd, 263
Smith, Michael, 415
Smyth, Harry D., 84, 137, 140, 144, 149–50, 164, 227
Snow, C. P., 9–10
solid-state physics, see physics
Sommerfeld, Arnold, 166
South Pacific, 308
Soviet Academy of Science, 297–98
Soviet Union, 6, 191, 278, 296–98, 340–41
space, generalized conceptions of, 76, 507
space shuttle, see Challenger
space travel, 218–19, 340–41, 374, 414–28
space-time, 7, 74, 109, 124, 152, 246–49, 255, 272–75, 355, 351, 354
world-lines in, 121–22
spectroscopy, 55, 85, 254
Spellbound (Hitchcock), 225
spin, 75, 80, 99, 228–51, 240, 242, 282, 350, 356–57, 375, 399
Sputnik, 340–41,414
Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC), 391–95
Stanwyck, Barbara, 44
State Department, United States, 285, 298, 341
Stone, Arthur, 104
strangeness, 509–10, 360
Stratton, Julius A., 55, 55–56
Strauss, Lewis L., 295–96
streptomycin, 195–96
string theory, 455
stroboscope, 77
strong interaction, 507, 509–10, 350, 354, 392–95
Structure of Scientific Revolutions (Kuhn), 521–22
Stückelberg, Ernst, 272–75
SU(3), 387, 389–91, 455–54
Sudarshan, E. C. C, 357–58, 411
superconductivity, 299–505
superfluidity, 9, 298–505
Surely You’re Joking, Mr. Feynman!, 11, 409–11
surface tension, 501
Sykes, Christopher, 369
symmetry, 258, 255, 506, 509–10, 361
breaking, 389–90, 452, 455
isospin, 506
left-right, 506, 350–55, 358–40
spin, 229
time, 111–14, 118–20
Szilard, Leo, 156, 160
technology
attitudes toward, 41, 257, 406, 416
influence on theory, 41, 71, 108, 124
telescope, 27, 77, 120, 281, 284–85
&
nbsp; television, 45, 47, 520, 346, 372, 416
Teller, Edward, 255, 255
cold war and, 341
Feynman and, 6–7, 157, 224–25
Hungarian conspiracy, 136
hydrogen bomb, 204, 258, 296
at Los Alamos, 166–69, 175, 197–98
Oppenheimer and, 166–69, 296
Schwinger and, 216
at Trinity, 153
Tetrode, H., 120
Theory of Fundamental Processes, 12
thermodynamics, 88, 126, 174, 355, 361, 365
Thinking Machines Corporation, 454
Thomson, J. J., 42–45
Thome, Kip S., 404
thought experiment, 107–8, 245, 247–49, 355
3M Company, 406
Three Mile Island nuclear accident, 416
time
philosophy of, 109, 125–28
reversibility, 7, 82, 108–12, 118–20, 125, 255–54, 258, 272–74
Time, 379
Time-Life Films, 407
Tiomno, Jayme, 278
Tokyo University, 260
Tolman, Richard, 144
Tomonaga, Shin’ichiro, 259–61, 267, 377–579
Townsend Harris High School (New York), 48
Treasure Island (Stevenson), 65
triboluminescence, 285
Trinity test, 6, 65–66, 155–57, 205
Truman, Harry S, 209
tuberculosis, 155–55, 149–50, 194–96
Tübingen, University of, 167
Tuck, Helen, 385
Tuckerman, Bryant, 104
Tukey, John, 104–5
turbulence, 9, 298, 502, 450–51, 454, 436
UCLA Medical Center, 405, 457–58
UFO’s, 375–74
Ulam, Stanislaw, 155, 168, 437
uncertainty
in computation, 175–74
of knowledge, 5, 15, 29, 67, 126, 195, 285, 371–75, 438
in quantum mechanics, 8, 70, 72–73, 75, 78, 89, 258, 321, 361, 429–30, 435
Union Carbide, 141
unitarity, 7, 258
United Nations, 339
uranium
atom, 94–95
bomb design, 170–72
critical mass calculations, 168–69
diffusion in, 169–73
hydride, 173
isotope separation, 136, 139–46
practical uses, 218–19
predetonation of, 6, 168–69
radiation danger, 195–200
reactors, 157–58, 161–65
Urey, Harold, 144
V-A theory, see weak interaction
Vallarta, Manuel S., 81–82, 215
Verne, Jules, 235
Vinogradov, I. M., 236
visualization, see physics, visualization in
V-particles, 309–10
Watson, James, 349, 386–87
wave-particle duality, 7, 18–19, 40, 54, 80, 250, 261–62
weak interaction, 9, 309–10, 330, 334–39
Wegener, Alfred, 321
Weinberg, Steven, 101, 348, 404, 431, 435
Weiner, Charles, 409
Weisskopf, Victor, 66–67, 167–69, 175, 185, 203, 232, 241, 251–53, 309, 330, 334, 352, 382–83, 403
Welton, Theodore (T. A.), 51–52, 56, 73–79, 169–71, 173, 183, 228, 325–26
Wentzel, Gregor, 272
Weyl, Hermann, 18, 52
What Do You Care What Other People Think?, 11
Wheeler, John Archibald, 93–96, 102, 124–25, 141, 146, 233, 255, 258–59
Feynman and, 96, 98–99, 106, 108, 116, 130, 147, 148, 250, 362, 380
fission and, 94–95, 139
Wheeler-Feynman electrodynamics, 110–15, 117–29, 147, 215, 246, 253–54, 278, 333, 381
Whitehead, Alfred North, 366
Whitman, Walt, 319
Whitney, Eli, 319
Wiener, Norbert, 172
Wigner, Eugene, 53, 94, 96, 114–15, 116, 117, 130–31, 136, 137, 144, 146, 148, 184
Wilbur, Richard, 37
Williams, Ted, 327
Wills, A. P., 56
Wilson, Robert R.
at Cornell, 226–27
Feynman and, 130, 139–40
isotron, 141–44, 157–58, 160
in Manhattan Project, 136–37, 156, 208
on modern physics, 209–10
Wheeler and, 93–94
Wisconsin State Journal, 43–44
Wolfe, Thomas, 84
Wolfe, Tom, 407
World’s Fair, 40–41, 260
World War I, 77
World War II, 3–4, 84, 128, 237–38
aftermath, 208
scientists’ preparations for, 136–38
Wu, Chien Shiung, 334–35, 337
W. W. Norton and Company, 411
X rays, 18, 55, 99, 133
Yale lock, 15, 188, 297
Yale University, 46, 97, 225, 300–301, 308
Yang, Chen Ning, 333–34, 336–37
Yang-Mills theory, 329, 353, 387
Yeager, Chuck, 417
Yukawa, Hideki, 259–60, 282
Zeitschrift für Physik, 120
Zeleny, John, 44–45
Ziman, John, 371
Zweig, George, 390–91, 394, 396
ILLUSTRATION CREDITS
TEXT ILLUSTRATIONS
Illustration 1—courtesy of the American Institute of Physics; Illustration 2—Robin Brickman; Illustration 3—Gardner 1989; Illustration 4—Robin Brickman; Illustration 5—Wheeler and Feynman 1945; Illustration 6—courtesy of the Archives, California Institute of Technology; Illustration 7—Victor Weisskopf and E. Wigner, “Berechnung der natürlichen Linienbreite auf Grund der Diracschen Lichttheorie,” Zeitschrift für Physik 63 (1930); Illustration 8—Robin Brickman; Illustration 9—Robin Brickman; Illustration 10—Dyson 1949a; Illustration 11—Stückelberg 1941; Illustration 12—Feynman 1949b; Illustration 13—Feynman 1949b; Illustration 14—Cvitanović 1983; Illustration 15—Feynman 1985a.
PHOTOGRAPHS
Image 1—courtesy Joan Feynman; Image 2, top—courtesy Joan Feynman; Image 3, bottom—courtesy Michelle Feynman; Image 4—courtesy Michelle Feynman; Image 5—Los Alamos Scientific Library, courtesy AIP Niels Bohr Library; Image 6—Los Alamos Scientific Library, courtesy AIP Niels Bohr Library; Image 7, top—S. A. Goudsmit, courtesy AIP Niels Bohr Library; Image 8, bottom—AIP Niels Bohr Library; Image 9, top—AIP Niels Bohr Library, Marshak Collection; Image 10, bottom—AIP Niels Bohr Library, Physics Today Collection; Image 11, top—Richard Hartt Photography, courtesy of Caltech; Image 12, bottom—AIP Niels Bohr Library
Image 13, top—AIP Niels Bohr Library, Physics Today Collection; Image 14, bottom—Joe Munroe, courtesy of Caltech; Image 15—courtesy of the Archives, California Institute of Technology; Image 16, top—UPI/Bettmann; Image 17, bottom—courtesy Gweneth Feynman; Image 18-19, top and bottom—courtesy Michelle Feynman; Image 20, top—courtesy Michelle Feynman; Image 21, bottom—Consulate General of Japan, N.Y., courtesy AIP Niels Bohr Library; Image 22, top—courtesy Michelle Feynman; Image 23, bottom—Robert Walker, courtesy Michelle Feynman; Image 24-25, top and bottom—courtesy of Caltech; Image 26—UPI/Bettmann.
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British Broadcasting Corporation: Excerpt from” Fun to Imagine,” an interview between Richard Feynman and Christopher Sykes as broadcast by the British Broadcasting Corporation in 1983. Used by permission.
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David Higham Associates: Four lines from “Tattered Serenade,” from Collected Poems by Edith Sitwell, published by Macmillan London. Reprinted by permission of David Higham Associates.
copyright © 1992 by James Gleick
cover design by Milan Bozic
cover image courtesy of the Archives, California Institute of Technology
ISBN: 978-1-4532-1046-8
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