The God Particle

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The God Particle Page 54

by Leon Lederman

], [>]

  vs. quantum theory, [>], [>]

  Deuteron, [>], [>]

  Dileptons, [>]

  Dimuon experiment, [>]–[>], [>]

  Brookhaven repeat of, [>]

  and charm quark, [>]

  Dirac, Paul, [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]

  Dirac equation, [>], [>]

  Discharge tube, [>]

  Distribution curve, [>]

  Donahue, Phil, [>], [>]

  Double-slit experiment, [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>]

  Down quark, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]

  Drake, Stillman, [>]

  Drell, Sidney, [>]

  Drell-Yan experiment, [>]–[>], [>]

  Dyson, Freeman, [>]

  Eastern religious mysticism. See Mysticism

  Eddington, Sir Arthur, [>]

  Eddy currents, [>]

  E = mc2, [>]–[>], [>]

  Einstein, Albert, [>], [>], [>]

  and aether; [>], [>]

  and black body radiation, [>]

  Bronowski on, [>]

  and de Broglie, [>]

  and E = mc2, [>]–[>], [>]

  and free fall, [>]

  on God playing dice, [>], [>]

  on knowing God's mind, [>], [>]

  on Maxwell, [>]

  Nobel Prize to, [>]

  Pauli letter to, [>]

  and photoelectric effect, [>]–[>], [>], [>]

  and photons, [>]–[>], [>]

  and positive electron, [>]

  and quantum theory, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]

  relativity theory of general, [>], [>], [>], [>]

  special, [>], [>], [>]

  as scientific revolutionary, [>]

  on "spontaneous transitions," [>]

  The Story of Relativity by, [>]

  and unified theory, [>], [>]

  Eisenhower, Dwight, [>], [>]

  Electric charge, of particles, [>]

  Electricity and electrical forces, [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]

  and atom, [>], [>]–[>], [>]

  development of understanding of, [>]

  investigators of, [>]–[>], [>] (see also individuals)

  long-range inverse-square law of, [>]

  and magnetism, [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]

  and Newton's laws, [>]

  Electrochemistry, [>]–[>], [>]

  Electrolysis, Faraday's laws of, [>]

  Electromagnetic wave, [>], [>]

  Electromagnetism, [>]–[>], [>]

  and alpha (1/137), [>]

  and cathode rays, [>]–[>]

  and classical era, [>]

  and light, [>]

  and radioactivity, [>]

  in standard model, [>]

  Electron(s), [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]

  and accelerator; [>], [>], [>], [>]

  and alpha (1/137), [>]

  charge of, [>], [>]

  and classical theory, [>]

  coining of term, [>], [>]

  discovery of, [>], [>]–[>], [>]

  and double-slit experiment, [>]–[>]

  and exclusion principle, [>]–[>]

  and flavor, [>]

  g-value of, [>]–[>], [>]

  as lepton, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]

  mass of, [>], [>], [>]

  and photoelectric effect, [>]

  and photons, [>]

  probabilities associated with (quantum theory), [>]–[>]

  and radioactivity, [>]–[>]

  shells of, [>]–[>]

  "spin" of, [>], [>], [>]

  and standard model, [>]

  and strong force, [>]–[>]

  and uncertainty principle, [>]–[>]

  and virtual photon, [>]

  wavelength of, [>]–[>]

  as wave, [>]–[>]

  See also Atom, modern conception of

  Electronic salvage, [>]

  Electron neutrino, [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>]

  Electron volt (eV), defined, [>]

  Electroweak theory or force, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]

  Elements

  periodic table of, [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]

  in space, [>]

  Ellis, Charles D., [>]

  Ellis, John, [>]

  elm (charge/mass ratio), [>]–[>]

  Empedocles, [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]

  Empty space. See Void

  Energy, [>]–[>]

  of accelerators, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>]

  and antimatter [>]

  conservation of, [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]

  and electron volts, [>]

  and Higgs field, [>], [>]–[>]

  kinetic, [>]

  potential, [>]

  quantum of, [>]–[>]

  Energy Research and Development Agency (ERDA), [>]

  Eötvös, Baron Roland, [>], [>]

  EPR (Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen) thought experiment, [>]–[>], [>]

  Equations, meaning of, [>]–[>]

  Ether. See Aether

  Eureka moments, [>]–[>]

  Experiment(s), [>]–[>]

  and assumptions, [>]

  and Greek philosophers, [>]–[>]

  Heisenberg on interpreting, [>]

  and instruments, [>]–[>]

  in seventeenth century, [>]

  as test of ideas, [>]

  in thought, [>], [>]–[>]

  See also Accelerators, particle

  Experimenters, [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]

  Faraday as, [>]–[>]

  Rutherford as, [>]

  Faraday, Michael, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>]

  Bronowski on, [>]

  and electric charge, [>]

  Fermi (unit of size), [>]

  Fermi, Enrico, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]

  congressional testimony of, [>]

  and radioactivity, [>]

  and Scuola Normale, [>]

  and weak force, [>], [>], [>]

  Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab), [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]

  accelerators at, [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>]

  and neutral currents, [>]

  and quark experiments, [>]–[>]

  and superconductivity, [>]

  (see also Tevatron)

  astrophysicists at, [>]

  "bump" experiment at, [>]

  Collider Detector Facility at, [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]

  neutrino beams at, [>]

  and SSC, [>]

  tau neutrino mass experiment at, [>]

  upsilon discovery at, [>]

  and Wilson, [>]–[>], [>]–[>] (see also Wilson, Robert R.)

  Fermions, [>], [>]

  Feynman, Richard P., [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>]

  and Challenger disaster, [>]

  and Drell-Yan experiment, [>]

  and infinities, [>], [>]

  and jets of hadrons, [>]

  and muon, [>], [>]

  and proton experiment, [>]

  and QED, [>]

  and quantum theory, [>], [>]

  and renormalization, [>]

  and weak force, [>], [>]

  Fields of force, [>]–[>], [>]

  and Boscovich, [>], [>]–[>]

  and electromagnetism, [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]

  and Faraday, [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]

  Higgs, [>], [>], [>]–[>] (see also Higgs field or particle)

  and quantum electrodynamics, [>]–[>]

  Fifth force, [>]–[>]

  Fine structure, [>]

  Fine-structure constant, [>]

  Fitch, Val, [>]–[>]

  Fizeau, Armand-Hippolyte-Louis, [>]

  Flatlander metaphor, [>]

  Flatness problem, [>]–[>], [>]–[>]

  "Flavor," [>]–[>], [>]–[>]

  Force(s)

  atoms surrounded by, [>]

  and class
ical era, [>]

  fields of, [>], [>]–[>] (see also Fields of force)

  and Higgs particle, [>]

  and matter; [>]

  and Newton's laws, [>]–[>]

  in standard model, [>], [>]

  types of

  electromagnetic, [>]–[>]

  electroweak, [>]–[>], [>], [>]

  gravity, [>], [>]

  strong, [>], [>], [>], [>]

  weak, [>], [>], [>]–[>]

  see also particular forces

  unification of, [>] (see also Unification)

  Force carriers, [>], [>], [>], [>]. See also Messenger particles

  Franklin, Benjamin, [>], [>]

  Fraunhofer, Joseph von, [>], [>]–[>], [>]

  Friedman, Jerome, [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]

  Fringe field focusing, [>]–[>]

  Fukui, Shuji, [>]

  Gaia hypothesis, [>]

  Gaillard, Mary, [>], [>]

  Galilei, Galileo, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]

  and accelerators, [>]

  and Aristotle, [>], [>]–[>]

  as astrologer, [>]

  on atoms, [>], [>]

  attitudes of, [>], [>]–[>]

  Church condemnation of, [>], [>]

  on constant velocity, [>]

  and Copernican system, [>]–[>]

  and evolution of science, [>], [>]

  experiments of, [>]–[>]

  and imperfect conditions, [>]

  with inclined plane, [>]–[>]

  and Leaning Tower of Pisa, [>]–[>]

  and how vs. why, [>]

  and inertia, [>]

  and Kepler, [>]

  on light, [>]–[>], [>]

  and Newton's first law of motion, [>], [>]

  telescopes made by, [>], [>]

  and theory-experiment relation, [>]

  upbringing of, [>]–[>]

  and vacuum problem, [>]

  Galilei, Vincenzo, [>], [>], [>]–[>]

  Galvani, Luigi, [>]

  Gamow, George, [>]–[>]

  Garwin, Richard, [>]–[>]

  Gauge bosons, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]

  Gauge symmetry, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]

  Gauge theories, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]

  Gauss, C. F., [>]

  Geiger, Hans, [>], [>], [>]

  Geller Uri, [>]

  Gell-Mann, Murray, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]

  Germer, Lester [>]

  g-factor

  of electron, [>]–[>], [>]

  of muon, [>]–[>]

  Glaser, Donald, [>], [>]

  Glashow, Sheldon, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]

  Glass, Bentley, [>]

  Glazebrook, Sir Richard, [>]

  Gluons, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>]

  and protons, [>], [>]

  and quark experiments, [>]

  g minus 2 experiment, [>]–[>], [>]

  God

  and Newtonian determinism, [>]

  and science, [>]

  God Particle, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]

  and electron, [>]

  energy needed to crack, [>]

  and muon/electron, [>]

  and quantum theory, [>], [>]

  in Very New Testament, [>]

  See also Higgs field or particle

  Goldstone, Jeffrey, [>], [>], [>]

  Gottingen school, of physicists, [>]

  Goudsmit, Samuel, [>]

  Grand unification theories (GUTs), [>], [>]–[>]

  Graviton, [>], [>], [>]

  Gravity, [>], [>]–[>], [>]

  and beginning of universe, [>]

  Boscovich on, [>]

  and classical era, [>]

  counterforce to, [>]

  Einstein on, [>]

  vs. electrical force, [>]

  and Newton, [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]–[>]

  and quantum theory, [>], [>], [>], [>]

  and standard model, [>], [>], [>]

  and strong force, [>]

  and supersymmetry, [>]

  weakness of, [>], [>]–[>]

  and "weightlessness," [>]–[>]

  Green, Michael, [>]

  Gross, David, [>], [>]

  Guth, Alan, [>], [>]

  GUTs (grand unification theories), [>]–[>]

  Hadrons, [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]

  decay of, [>]

  family clusters of, [>]

  jets of, [>]–[>], [>]

  and quarks, [>], [>]

  and strong force, [>]

  Halpern, Isaac, [>]

  Hanson, Gail, [>]

  Hartle, Jim, [>]

  Harvey, Jeff, [>]

  Hawking, Stephen, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>]

  Heat, [>], [>]

  Heisenberg, Werner, [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]

  Heisenberg uncertainty principle or relations, [>], [>]–[>], [>]

  and Democritus, [>]

  and distribution of masses, [>]

  and double-slit experiment, [>], [>]

  and mass of particle, [>], [>]

  and temporary particles, [>]

  Heraclitus, [>]

  Herb, Steve, [>], [>]

  Hertz, Heinrich, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>]

  Hidden-variable hypothesis, [>]

  Higgs, Peten [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]

  Higgs field or particle (Higgs boson), [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]

  and decay mode, [>]

  and electroweak theory, [>]

  and energy, [>]–[>]

  in futurist dream, [>]

  and inflationary Big Bang, [>]–[>]

  and mass, [>], [>]–[>], [>]

  questions on, [>]

  and SSC, [>], [>]

  and standard model, [>]

  and supersymmetry, [>]

  and symmetry, [>], [>], [>]–[>]

  and unitarity crisis, [>], [>]

  in Very New Testament, [>]

  and void, [>]

  Hofstadter, Robert, [>]–[>]

  Hooke, Robert, [>], [>], [>]

  Hubble, Edwin, [>]–[>]

  Huxley, Thomas, [>]

  Huygens, Christian, [>], [>], [>], [>]

  Hydrogen atoms, [>], [>]–[>], [>]

  Hyperons, [>]

  Inertia, [>]

  Infield, Leopold, [>]

  Infinity, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]

  Inflationary Big Bang model, [>]–[>]

  Inflationary universe, [>]

  Innes, Walter, [>]

  Inverse-square law, [>], [>]

  Ions, [>], [>]

  Isospin, [>]

  Isotropy crisis, [>]

  Jets, of hadrons, [>]

  Johnson, Lyndon, [>]

  Johnston, Bennett, [>]–[>]

  Joule, James, [>]

  Joyce, James, and "quark," [>]

  J/psi, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]

  Kaons, [>], [>], [>], [>], [>], [>]

  negative (K−), [>], [>], [>]

  neutral (K0), [>], [>]

  positive (K+), [>], [>], [>]

  Kaufmann, Walter, [>]–[>], [>]

  Kelvin, Lord, [>], [>]

  Kendall, Henry, [>], [>], [>]–[>], [>]

  Kepler, Johannes, [>], [>], [>]–[>]

  Kirchhoff, Gustav Robert, [>], [>], [>], [>]

  Klein, Martin, [>]

  Kolb, Rocky, [>]

  Kosmos, [>]

  Kusch, Polykarp, [>], [>]

  Lagrange, Joseph Louis, [>]

  Lamb, Willis, [>], [>], [>]

  Lambda particle, [>], [>], [>]

  Lasers, [>]

  Lattes, Cesare, [>], [>]

  Lauritsen, Charles, [>]

  Lavoisier Antoine-Laurent, [>], [>]–[>]

  Lawrence, Ernest Orlando, [>]–[>], [>], [>], [>], [>]

  Leaning Tower of Pisa, [>], [>], [>]

 

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