5 See Claudine Hunting, “The Philosophes and Black Slavery, 1748–1765,” Journal of the History of Ideas 59, no. 3 (July–September 1978); and Sue Peabody, “There Are No Slaves in France”: The Political Culture of Race and Slavery in the Ancien Régime (Oxford University Press, 1996).
6 Le Nègre des Lumières, an opera of his life, constructed by Alain Guédé, using his music, was staged in Avignon in 2005, the same year that his one extant opera, L’Amant anonyme, was performed in Metz.
7 See David Brion Davis, “He Changed the New World,” The New York Review of Books, May 31, 2007; and The French Revolution and Human Rights: A Brief Documentary History, edited by Lynn Hunt (St. Martin’s, 1996). The Black Jacobins: Toussaint L’Ouverture and the San Domingo Revolution (1938) by C.L.R. James is the great work on the connections between the French and Haitian revolutions.
Chapter 18
1 Arnold Rampersad explores the Koestler-Hughes meeting in depth in his biography The Life of Langston Hughes, vol. 1, 1902–1941: I, Too, Sing America (Oxford University Press, 1986).
Chapter 21
1 See the catalog, published in 2013, of the 2011 exhibition of Dust Jackets for the Niggerati—and the Supporting Dissertations, Drawings, submitted ruefully by Dr. Kara E. Walker.
Chapter 22
1 See Kenneth O’Reilly, Racial Matters: The FBI’s Secret File on Black America (Free Press, 1989), as well as O’Reilly’s Black Americans: The FBI Files, edited by David Gallen (Carroll and Graf, 1994); David J. Garrow, The FBI and Martin Luther King, Jr.: From “Solo” to Memphis (Norton, 1981); and Fred Powledge, Free at Last? The Civil Rights Movement and the People Who Made It (Little, Brown, 1991).
2 Stephen B. Oates, Let the Trumpet Sound: The Life of Martin Luther King, Jr. (Harper and Row, 1982), 315.
3 See My Soul Is Rested: Movement Days in the Deep South Remembered, edited by Howell Raines (1977; Penguin, 1983); Andrew Young, An Easy Burden: The Civil Rights Movement and the Transformation of America (HarperCollins, 1996); John Lewis with Michael D’Orso, Walking with the Wind: A Memoir of the Movement (Simon and Schuster, 1998).
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
“How I Got Over” first appeared in Altogether Elsewhere: Writers on Exile, edited by Marc Robinson; “Busted in New York” first appeared in The New Yorker; “Deep in the Bowl” was published in Harper’s Magazine and “Banjo” in Salmagundi. The remaining essays and reviews were published in The New York Review of Books (with the exception of the previously unpublished “Pilot Me”). I have been most fortunate in the editors I have been able to work with: Eliot Fremont-Smith at The Village Voice was among the first. I wish also to remember Marc Robinson, Virginia Cannon, Gemma Sieff, Matt Seaton, and Robert Boyers. For years I wrote for Barbara Epstein and Robert Silvers, and after their deaths for Michael Shae and Ian Buruma.
I want to thank Alexis Adler, Bobbie Chung, Antony Peattie, and Rodney Carter; Lynn Nesbit, of Janklow & Nesbit; and Logan Hill, Jeff Seroy, and Jonathan Galassi, my editor, at Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
ALSO BY DARRYL PINCKNEY
FICTION
High Cotton
Black Deutschland
NONFICTION
Out There: Mavericks of Black Literature
Blackballed: The Black Vote and US Democracy
A NOTE ABOUT THE AUTHOR
DARRYL PINCKNEY is the author of two novels, Black Deutschland and High Cotton, and two works of nonfiction, Blackballed: The Black Vote and US Democracy and Out There: Mavericks of Black Literature. You can sign up for email updates here.
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CONTENTS
Title Page
Copyright Notice
Dedication
Epigraph
Foreword: Thus Far on the Way, BY ZADIE SMITH
I
Slouching Toward Washington
Busted in New York
Beyond the Fringe
II
Dreams from Obama
Obama and the Black Church
What He Really Said
Deep in the Bowl
III
Invisible Black America
In Ferguson
Black Lives and the Police
IV
Pilot Me
Austere and Lonely Offices
The Great Puzzle
The Afro-Pessimist Temptation
V
Paris: The Black Maestro
On Your Own in Russia
How I Got Over
Banjo
VI
The Real Harlem
The Genius of Blackness
Black Master
VII
Looking at Selma
Under the Spell of James Baldwin
Moon over Miami
VIII
Miss Aretha Franklin
Notes
Acknowledgments
Also by Darryl Pinckney
A Note About the Author
Copyright
Farrar, Straus and Giroux
120 Broadway, New York 10271
Copyright © 2019 by Darryl Pinckney
Foreword copyright © 2019 by Zadie Smith
All rights reserved
First edition, 2019
E-book ISBN: 978-0-374-71714-8
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Busted in New York and Other Essays Page 39