by Brad Snyder
Tushnet, Mark. The NAACP’s Legal Strategy Against Segregated Education, 1925-1950. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1987.
Tygiel, Jules. Baseball’s Great Experiment: Jackie Robinson and His Legacy. New York: Oxford University Press, 1983; Vintage Books, 1984.
———, ed. The Jackie Robinson Reader: Perspectives on an American Hero. New York: Dutton, 1997.
———. Past Time: Baseball as History. New York: Oxford University Press, 2000.
Veeck, Bill, with Ed Linn. The Hustler’s Handbook. New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1965.
———. Veeck As in Wreck. New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1962.
Waller, Spencer Weber, et al. eds. Baseball and the American Legal Mind. New York: Garland, 1995.
White, G. Edward. Creating the National Pastime: Baseball Transforms Itself 1903-1953. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1996.
———. Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes: Law and the Inner Self. New York: Oxford University Press, 1993.
Whitfield, Shelby. Kiss It Goodbye. New York: Abelard-Schuman, 1973.
Whitford, David. Extra Innings: A Season in the Senior League. New York: HarperCollins, 1991.
Williams, Juan. Thurgood Marshall: American Revolutionary. New York: Times Books, 1998.
Woodward, Bob, and Scott Armstrong. The Brethren: Inside the Supreme Court. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1979.
Yarbrough, Tinsley E. John Marshall Harlan: Great Dissenter of the Warren Court. New York: Oxford University Press, 1992.
———. The Rehnquist Court and the Constitution. New York: Oxford University Press, 2000.
Zimbalist, Andrew. May the Best Team Win: Baseball Economics and Public Policy. Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution Press, 2003.
ARTICLES
Ali, Muhammad. “‘I’m sorry, but I’m through fighting now.’ ” Esquire, May 1970, 120-22, 226-27.
“A Loss for Curt Flood.” Newsweek, July 3, 1972, 67.
“Arthur J. Goldberg’s Legacies to American Labor Relations.” 32 J. Marshall L. Rev. 667 (1999).
“At Last, Professional Bargaining in Baseball.” Sport, October 1967, 98.
Axthelm, Pete. “Let’s Make a Deal.” Newsweek, November 15, 1982, 96.
———. “Slap on the Wrist.” Newsweek, April 13, 1970, 48.
“Baseball’s Forgotten Man.” Newsweek, April 2, 1979, 18.
Bingham, Walter. “Frolic in the Spring.” Sports Illustrated, March 9, 1959, 58-59.
“The Black Scholar Interviews: Muhammad Ali.” The Black Scholar, June 1970, 32-39.
Blount, Roy, Jr. “Birds of a Feather Flock to Bob.” Sports Illustrated, November 2, 1970, 26-28, 31.
Bourginon, Henry J. “Second Mr. Justice Harlan: His Principles of Judicial Decision Making.” 1979 Sup. Ct. Rev. 251.
Boyle, Robert H. “This Miller Admits He’s a Grind.” Sports Illustrated, March 11, 1974, 22-26.
———. “The Private World of the Negro Ballplayer.” Sports Illustrated, March 21, 1960, 16-19, 74-80, 82, 84.
Breyer, Stephen. “Clerking for Justice Goldberg.” Supreme Court Historical Society 1990 Yearbook, 4.
Bright, Myron H. “The Power of the Spoken Word: In Defense of Oral Argument.” 72 Iowa L. Rev. 35 (1986).
Briley, Ron. “Baseball and America in 1969: A Traditional Institution Responds to Changing Times.” Nine: A Journal of Baseball History & Social Policy Perspectives 4, no. 2 (Spring 1996): 265-81.
Brill, Steven. “Benching of Bad Judges.” Esquire, April 10, 1979, 20-21.
———. “How Could Anyone Have Believed Then?” American Lawyer, November 1989, 5, 35-41.
Carroll, Brian. “Wendell Smith’s Last Crusade: The Desegregation of Spring Training.” In The Cooperstown Symposium on Baseball and American Culture 2001. William M. Simons, ed. Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland, 2002.
Craft, David. “Curt Flood: Just Around the Corner to the Light of Day.” Baseball Cards, September 1988: 72-74.
Curran, Ron. “Curt Flood and the Baseball Revolution.” LA Weekly, April 1-7, 1994, 1, 16-17, 24-25, 27.
“Curt Flood’s Troubles.” Newsweek, May 10, 1971, 67.
“Curt Flood, Featured in Ebony’s 50th Anniversary Issue, Battles Cancer.” Jet, November 13, 1995, 51.
Davis, Jack E. “Baseball’s Reluctant Challenge.” Journal of Sports History 19, no. 2 (Summer 1992): 144-62.
“Day in Court.” Time, March 30, 1962, 16.
Deford, Frank. “Heirs of Judge Landis.” Sports Illustrated, September 30, 1974, 82-96.
Dickey, Glenn. “Curt Flood.” Inside Sports, August 1985, 76-77.
“Ebbing Flood.” Sports Illustrated, August 11, 1975, 6, 8.
Eskridge, William N., Jr. “Overruling Statutory Precedent.” 76 Geo L.J. 1361 (1988).
Fimrite, Ron. “Marvin Miller: Yankee Stadium, Opening Day, 1980?” Sports Illustrated, March 3, 1980, 58-70.
Flood, Curt. “A New Idea: The United Baseball League.” Sport, April 1995, 43.
———, with Stu Black. “The Legacy of Curt Flood.” Sport, November 1977, 34-40.
———, as told to John Devaney. “Why I Am Challenging Baseball.” Sport, March 1970, 10. In The Armchair Book of Baseball, John Thorn, ed. New York: Scribner’s, 1985: 125-34.
“Flooding the Market.” Sport, January 1994, 12.
“Found—An ‘Abe Lincoln’ of Baseball.” Ebony, March 1970, 110.
Garrow, David. “The Brains Behind Blackmun.” Legal Affairs, May-June 2005.
———. “Mental Decrepitude on the U.S. Supreme Court: The Historical Case for a 28th Amendment.” 67 U. Chi. L. Rev. 995 (2000).
———. “The Supreme Court and The Brethren.” 18 Const. Comment. 303 (2001).
Goldberg, Arthur J., and Alan M. Dershowitz. “Declaring the Death Penalty Unconstitutional.” 83 Harv. L. Rev. 1773 (1970).
———. “Memorandum Conference Re: Capital Punishment—October 1963 Term.” 27 South Tex. L. Rev. 493 (1986).
Gross, Milton. “The Ballplayers’ Drive for Independence.” Sport, August 1969, 14-15, 82-83.
Gross, Nell. “Curt Flood—Ballplayer and Artist.” St. Louis Globe-Democrat Sunday Magazine, March 31, 1968, 1, 4-7. Reprinted in Sporting News, April 20, 1968, 9; Ebony, July 1968, 70-76.
Hertoff, Nat. “The Constitutionalist.” New Yorker, March 12, 1990, 60.
Holtzman, Jerome. “Attendance and Litigation Were Up in 1970.” In Official Baseball Guide for 1971. St. Louis: Sporting News, 1971, 272-303.
———. “Two Divisions, Rules, Player Demands, Etc.” In Official Baseball Guide for 1970. St. Louis: Sporting News, 1970, 271-275.
———. “Expansion, Canadian Club, Feature 1968.” In Official Baseball Guide for 1969. St. Louis: Sporting News, 1969, 185-89.
———. “ ’71 Saw Gate Up, Short Move, Alex Angry.” In Official Baseball Guide for 1972. St. Louis: Sporting News, 1972, 277-311.
Jacobs, Michael S., and Ralph K. Winter Jr. “Antitrust Principles and Collective Bargaining by Athletes: Of Superstars in Peonage.” 81 Yale L. J., 1 (1971-72).
Jordan, David, Larry Gerlach, and John Rossi. “A Baseball Myth Exploded.” In The National Pastime: A Review of Baseball History, no. 18 (Cleveland, Ohio: SABR, 1998), 3-13.
“The Judge Takes the Stand.” Time, August 17, 1962, 16-17.
Kahn, Roger. “ ‘I’m not discouraged either. Got it?’ ” Saturday Evening Post, January 29, 1966, 85-89.
Katz, Fred. “Life with the Cardinals.” Sport, July 1968, 54-61.
Keith, Larry. “Someone Old, Someone New.” Sports Illustrated, April 26, 1980, 46, 49.
King, Coretta Scott. “Martin’s Legacy.” Ebony, January 1986, 105-6, 108.
Kraft, Joseph. “Putting It All Together for Goldberg.” New York, April 13, 1970, 7-8.
Leggett, William. “The Big Leagues Select a Fan.” Sports Illustrated, February 17, 1969, 16-17.
———. “Futile Surge amid the Shuffle.” Sports Illustrated, Septem
ber 21, 1964, 98-101.
———. “Not Just a Flood, but a Deluge.” Sports Illustrated, August 19, 1968, 1, 18-21.
Lewis, Anthony. “Supreme Court Confidential.” New York Review of Books, February 7, 1980, 3-8.
Linn, Ed. “The Man Who Begs, Buys and Borrows Trouble.” Sport, May 1971, 66-67, 91-93.
Lukas, J. Anthony. “Playboy Interview: Bob Woodward.” Playboy, February 1989, 62-63.
McCarver, Tim, with Cal Fussman. “Curt Flood.” ESPN the Magazine, January 8, 2001, 12.
McDonald, Kevin D. “Antitrust and Baseball: Stealing Justice Holmes.” J. of Sct. Hist. 2 (1998): 89-138.
McKenna, Dave. “The Forgotten Flood of 1971.” Washington City Paper, April 30, 2004.
Mann, Jack. “Ted Williams and Bob Short: Baseball’s Odd Couple Meets the Wild Bunch.” Look, May 4, 1971, 71-75.
Mikva, Abner. “In Memoriam—Arthur J. Goldberg, The Practitioner.” Supreme Court Historical Society 1990 Yearbook, 1.
“Mr. Goldberg Runs for Office.” New Yorker, June 13, 1970, 27-29.
Navasky, Victor. “In Washington, You Just Don’t Not Return a Call from Abe Fortas.” New York Times Magazine, August 1, 1971, 7-24, 32-33, 67-68.
“Needed—Abe Lincoln of Baseball.” Ebony, April 1964, 110-11.
Noble, John Wesley. “The Coach Nobody Wanted.” Saturday Evening Post, May 10, 1958, 31.
O’Brien, David M. “Join-3 Votes, the Rule of Four, the Cert. Pool, and the Supreme Court’s Shrinking Plenary Docket.” 13 J. L. & Pol. 779 (1997).
“Oil in the Outfield.” Sport, March 1968, 8.
Okrent, Daniel. “The 10 Most Influential Athletes of the Century.” Time, June 14, 1999, 93.
Olsen, Jack. “In the Back of the Bus: Part 2, the Black Athlete.” Sports Illustrated, July 22, 1968, 28-41.
Pepe, Phil. “How Flood Finally Made It.” Sport, November 1962, 44-45.
Raskin, A. H. “A Conciliator Goes to the U.N.” New York Times Magazine, August 8, 1965, 10, 62-64.
Reeves, Richard. “ ‘Goldilocks may not be the most exciting fellow in town but he’s the only one who can win this year.’ ” New York Times Magazine, June 14, 1970, 7, 60, 64, 68.
———. “The Last Angry Men.” Esquire, March 1, 1978, 41-48.
———. “This Is the Battle of the Titans?” New York Times Magazine, November 1, 1970, 224.
Remnick, David. “How Muhammad Ali Changed the Press.” SportsJones Magazine, October 29, 1999, at www.sportsjones.com/ali4b.htm.
“The Return of Curt Flood.” Sport, July 1992, 8.
Roberts, Robin. “The Game Deserves the Best.” Sports Illustrated, February 24, 1969, 46-47.
Robinson, Jackie. “A Kentucky Colonel kept me in baseball.” Look, February 8, 1955, 82-90.
———. “Now I know why they boo me!” Look, January 25, 1955, 22-28.
———. “ ‘Your temper can ruin us!’ ” Look, February 22, 1955, 78-87.
Rodell, Fred. “The ‘Warren Court’ Stands Its Ground.” New York Times Magazine, September 27, 1964, 23, 120-21.
Ross, Stephen F. “Reconsidering Flood v. Kuhn.” 12 U. Miami Ent. & Sports L. Rev. 169 (1995).
Rovell, Darren. “The Early Days of Free Agency.” ESPN.com, November 21, 2000, at espn.go.com/mlb/s/2000/1121/893718.html.
Rumill, Ed. “With Glove, Bat and Brush.” Baseball Digest, August 1967, 63-64.
Shapiro, Fred. “Arthur Goldberg You Owe Me $587.50.” Esquire, September 1970, 146, 187-99.
Shaplen, Robert. “Peacemaker-I.” New Yorker, April 7, 1962, 49-112.
———. “Peacemaker-II.” New Yorker, April 14, 1962, 49-105.
Shills, Edward B. “Arthur Goldberg: Proof of the American Dream.” U.S. Department of Labor Monthly Labor Review, January 1997, 56-71.
Skefos, Catherine Hetos. “The Supreme Court Gets a Home.” Supreme Court Historical Society 1976 Yearbook.
Smith, Claire. “Baseball’s Angry Man.” New York Times Magazine, October 13, 1991, 28-31, 53, 56.
Smith, Red. “Gardella Hales Baseball into Court.” Sports Illustrated, vol. 1, no. 2 (Dell Publishing), March 1949, 10-11, 71-72.
Snyder, Brad. “How the Conservatives Canonized Brown v. Board of Education.” 52 Rutgers L. Rev. 383 (2001).
Speers, William J. “Why Curt Flood Won’t Play for the Phillies.” Philadelphia Inquirer Magazine, May 17, 1970, 6-14.
Stark, Jayson. “The Decision That Changed the Game.” ESPN.com, November 22, 2000, at espn.go.com/mlb/columns/stark_jayson/891711.html.
———. “Part II: Free Agency Increased Competitive Balance.” ESPN.com, November 22, 2000, at espn.go.com/mlb/columns/stark_jayson/893655.html.
———. “Part III: Player Movement Part of Life.” ESPN.com, November 23, 2000, at espn.go.com/mlb/columns/stark_jayson/896430.html.
Stump, Al. “Curt Flood in the Midnight League.” Sport, March 1965, 32-33, 78-79.
“Supreme Court Memo from Rehnquist.” Newsweek, December 13, 1971, 32-37.
“Thanks, Curt.” Sports Illustrated, March 12, 1979, 13.
Thompson, Cordell S. “Man Who Fights Power Structure of Baseball.” Jet, February 12, 1970, 1, 50-54.
Topkis, Jay H. “Monopoly in Professional Sports.” 58 Yale L.J. 691 (1949).
Tygiel, Jules. “The Court-Martial of Jackie Robinson.” American Heritage, August- September, 1985, 34-39.
Underwood, John. “They’re Ho-Hummers No More.” Sports Illustrated, March 15, 1971, 26-28, 33.
Van Tassel, Emily Field. “Justice Arthur J. Goldberg.” In The Jewish Justices of the Supreme Court Revisited: Brandeis to Fortas, ed. Jennifer M. Lowe. Washington, D.C.: Supreme Court Historical Society, 1994.
Vecsey, George. “How Curt Flood Inspires the Cardinals.” Sport, October 1968, 64-68.
Ward, John Montgomery. “Is the Base-Ball Player a Chattel?” Lippincott’s Monthly Magazine, August 1887, 310-19.
“Whatever happened to . . . Curt Flood.” Ebony, March 1981, 55-56.
“Where the Negro Goes from Here in Sports.” Sport, September 1966, 56-59, 87-88.
White, Russ. “Baseball’s Roaming Son Back at ‘Kid’s Game’ and Liking It.” Washington Star Sportsweek, November 22, 1970, S-4, S-6, S-14.
Whitford, David. “Curt Flood.” Sport, December 1986, 102-7.
Wilks, Ed. “Curt Flood and the Handwriting on the Wall.” Super Sports, November 1969, 15-17, 60.
Winkelman, Nancy. “Just a Brief Writer.” Litigation, Summer 2003, 50-53.
THESES AND DISSERTATIONS
Jacobson, Josh. “The Danny Gardella Story.” Senior honor’s thesis, University of Minnesota, 1987.
Smith, Maureen M. “Identity and Citizenship: African American Athletes, Sport, and the Freedom Struggles of the 1960s.” Ph.D. diss., Ohio State University, 1999.
TELEVISION SOURCES
Burns, Ken. Baseball. Innings 6, 8, and 9. 1994.
ESPN. “Curt Flood,” SportsCentury.
Firestone, Roy. Sports Look, June 10, 1986.
Lee, Spike. “The Curt Flood Story.” Real Sports with Bryant Gumbel, March 10, 1997.
Moyers, Bill. “Mr. Justice Blackmun: In Search of the Constitution with Bill Moyers,” Public Affairs Television, 1987.
Vanderbilt University, Television News Archive.
UNPUBLISHED SOURCES
Karen Brecher, mailgram to Toastmaster, California Coaches’ Association, January 30, 1981.
Ken Burns interview with Curt Flood for Baseball documentary, transcript.
Early, Gerald. “Curt Flood, Gratitude, and the Image of Baseball.” Unpublished paper, delivered at Harvard University, October 30, 2003.
Curt Flood, letter to Lawrence Williams, January 9, 1978.
Curt Flood, letter to Lawrence Williams, March 2, 1978.
Curt Flood Christmas Letters, 1994 and 1996.
Curt Flood file, Cincinnati Reds Museum, Cincinnati, Ohio.
Curt Flood file, FBI, San Francisco, California, and Washington, D.C.
Curt Flood file, National Baseball Hall of Fame Library, Cooperstown, New York.
Curt Flood file, Sporting News Archives, St. Louis, Missouri.
Curt Flood file, State Department, Washington, D.C.
“Curt’s Ninth Inning,” Funeral Program.
Bob Gibson, letter to Curt Flood, January 12, 1981.
Buddy Gilbert Scrapbook, 1956 and 1957.
Major League Baseball Players Association Meeting Minutes and Notes, December 13-14, 1969.
Frank Robinson Hall of Fame Induction Speech, transcript, August 1, 1982, National Baseball Hall of Fame Library, Cooperstown, New York.
Gabriel Schechter interview with Marvin Miller, transcript, March 24, 1992.
“A Tribute to Curt.” Oakland Board of Education, March 24-29, 1980.
Lawrence Williams, telegram to Curt Flood, January 10, 1978.
George Will’s Eulogy.
INDEX
Aaron, Hank: criticism of Flood; integration of Sally League; support for Flood
Ainslie, Tom. See Carter, Richard
Ali, Muhammad: absence from Supreme Court oral argument rights groups support for; comparison of Flood to ; draft-evasion case; Howard Cosell’s relationship with; Justice Harlan’s opinion in favor of; return to boxing; slave comments; starring role in Buck White
Allen, Bernie
Allen, Dick (Richie); contract negotiations; support for Flood lawsuit
Alvis, Max
Andorra
Anheuser-Busch: dismissal of case against ; Justice Powell’s stock ownership ; as named defendant in lawsuit
Anthony House
antitrust exemption, MLB: challenge to; Federal Baseball decision. See Federal Baseball Club of Baltimore, Inc. . National League of Professional Baseball Clubs; Gardella decision. See Gardella . Chandler; Second Circuit decision on; Supreme Court decisions ; Supreme Court’s reasons offered to maintain; Toolson decision. See Toolson . New York Yankees
arbitration: independent arbitrator clause ; salary arbitration
Armstrong, Scott