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Abbreviations
The most frequently used primary sources are abbreviated as follows in the notes:
PRINTED MATERIAL
CCCP&C
T. V. Domracheva et al, eds. Apparat TsK KPSS i kultura, 1958–1964: dokumenty (Apparatus of the Central Committee of the Communist Party and Culture 1958–1964: Documents). Moscow: Rosspen, 2005.
FRUS X:1
Ronald D. Landa, James E. Miller, David S. Patterson, and Charles S. Sampson, eds. Foreign Relations of the United States, 1958–1960. Vol. 10, part 1: Eastern Europe Region, Soviet Union, Cyprus. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1993.
KM
Nikita Khrushchev. Memoirs of Nikita Khrushchev. Vol. 2, Reformer (1945–1964). Edited by Sergei Khrushchev. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2007.
KR
Nikita Khrushchev. Khrushchev Remembers. Translated and edited by Strobe Talbott. New York: Little, Brown, 1970.
NKCS
Sergei Khrushchev. Nikita Khrushchev and the Creation of a Superpower. Translated by Shirley Benson. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2000.
TOML
Max Frankel. The Times of My Life and My Life with the Times. New York: Random House, 1999.
VC
Howard Reich. Van Cliburn. Nashville, TN: Thomas Nelson, 1993.
VCL
Abram Chasins and Villa Stiles. The Van Cliburn Legend. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1959.
YM
Viktor Sukhodrev. Yazyk moi—drug moi (My Tongue Is My Friend). Moscow: AST; Olimp, 2008. Internet version: RuLIT.net.
RESEARCH COLLECTIONS
CWIHP
Cold War International History Project. Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars. Washington, DC.
DDEPL
Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library. Abilene, KS.
FBI (FOIA)
Declassified Federal Bureau of Investigation files relating to Van Cliburn. Obtained under the Freedom of Information Act.
GFPL
Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Ann Arbor, MI.
GM
Glinka Museum of Music Culture. Moscow.
JA
Juilliard School Archives. Juilliard School, New York.
JABT
Board of Trustees. Minutes and reports, 1944–1981. Juilliard School Archives.
JAD
Office of the Dean. General Administrative Records, 1947–1962. Juilliard School Archives.
JAP
Office of the President. General Administrative Records, 1932–1962. Juilliard School Archives.
JH
John Hay Special Collections. Brown University. Providence, RI.
LBJL
Lyndon Baines Johnson Library. Austin, TX.
MMP
Minutes of Music Panel Meeting. International Exchange Program.
NACP
National Archives and Records Administration. College Park, MD.
PFJA
Placement file. “Cliburn, Van.” Juilliard School Archive.
RLP
Rosina Lhévinne Papers. Music Division. New York Public Library.
RNPL
Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum. Yorba Linda, CA.
RRPL
Ronald Reagan Presidential Library. Simi Valley, CA.
SH
Serrell Hillman Dispatch. New York. May 5, 1958. Dispatches from Time Magazine Correspondents: Second Series, 1956–1968 (MS Am 2090.1). Houghton Library. Harvard University. Hereafter Time dispatches.
SHM
State House Museum of Tchaikovsky. Klin.
TM1
Tom Martin Dispatch. Dallas. May 1, 1958. Time dispatches.
TM2
Tom Martin Dispatch. Dallas, May 5, 1958. Time dispatches.
VCA
Van Cliburn International Piano Competition Archive. Mary Couts Burnett Library. Texas Christian University. Fort Worth, TX.
VCG
Van Cliburn, interview conducted for The Cliburn: 50 Years of Gold. Film produced by Peter Rosen Productions, Inc. for the Van Cliburn Foundation, 2012. Unedited transcript courtesy Peter Rosen.
VCJA
Van Cliburn Biographical File. Juilliard School Archive.
WSP
William Schuman Papers and Records. Music Division. New York Public Library.
NEWSPAPERS AND MAGAZINES
DMN
Dallas Morning News
FWS-T
Fort Worth Star-Telegram
KNH
Kilgore News Herald
NYT
New York Times
SK
Sovetskaya Kultura
SM
Sovetsky Muzykant
ST
Shreveport Times
WP
Washington Post
Notes
INTRODUCTION
1“What’s goin’ on”: VCL, 131.
1most famous person in America: The Tchaikovsky prize, as suggested in the program note for a 1958 appearance with the Dallas Symphony, had “made Mr. Cliburn the most widely known pianist, one might almost say individual, in the United States today” (VCJA).
PRELUDE IN TWO PARTS
5one Viennese critic: Eduard Hanslick, reviewing the premiere of Tchaikovsky’s violin concerto in the Neue Freie Presse of December 5, 1981.
5Rubinstein asked the reticent composer: The reconstruction is based on Tchaikovsky’s letter to his patroness Nadezhda von Meck in 1887, quoted in John Warrack, Tchaikovsky (New York: Charles Scribner’s, 1973), 78–79.
6bells pealing the Royal Hours . . . marriage fortunes: The Orthodox Christmas Eve on January 6 marks the start of a traditional Slavic holiday, Svyatki, during which young women foretell their marriage prospects with wax and shadows. The Royal Hours, the services marking the times of prayer on the Eve of the Nativity, originated with the imperial services at Hagia Sophia in Constantinople.
7American composer: George Whitefield Chadwick (1854–1931), “Pyotr Il’yich Tchaikovsky: Piano Concerto no. 1 in B Flat Minor, op. 23,” Aspen Music Festival and School website, https://www.aspenmusicfestival.com/program_notes/view/tchaikovsky-piano-concerto-no.-1-in-b-flat-minor-op.-23/25896.
7hardly destined to become classical: The Boston Traveler, quoted in Concert Bulletin of the Boston Symphony Orchestra, Seventieth Season (Boston, 1950).
7“It turns out”: Tchaikovsky to Vladimir Davidov, New York, April 30, 1891, in Elkhonon Yoffe, Tchaikovsky in America: The Composer’s Visit in 1891, trans. Lidya Yoffe (New York: Oxford University Press, 1986), 62–63.
8quarter of a mile: New York Herald, May 6, 1891.
8Soviet spy: Aleksandr Feklisov, Za okeanom i na ostrove: Zapiski razvedchika (Across the Ocean and on the Island: Memoirs of an Intelligence Man) (Moscow: DEM, 2001), Internet version.
10most famous piano concerto: On November 28, 1909, with the New York Symphony Society conducted by Walter Damrosch.
11“six-and-a-half-foot scowl”: Igor Stravinsky and Robert Craft, Conversations with Igor Stravinsky (Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1959), 41.
11Hollywood movies: The two described are Mission to Moscow (1943) and The North Star (1943).
11premiere in Leningrad: The Seventh Symphony premiered in Kuibyshev on March 5, 1942, and in Moscow on March 29. Sir Henry Wood and the London Philharmonic presented it in London on June 22, and Toscanini and the NBC Symphony Orchestra performed it in New York on July 19. The famous Leningrad premiere took place on August 9.
11sixty-two times: Karl Aage Rasmussen, Sviatoslav Richter: Pianist, trans. Russell Dees (Boston: Northeastern University Press, 2010), 124.
1: THE PRODIGY
15“Sug, I think”: Video recording VC-2162 (Reel 36), Rildia Bee Cliburn interviewed by Peter Rosen [1989], V
CA.
15room 322: TM1.
15“Babe . . . our family”: Rildia Bee Cliburn interview, VCA.
15“Harvey Lavan (Van) Cliburn”: Wayne Lee Gay, “Rildia Cliburn, Mother of Famed Pianist, Dies,” FWS-T, August 4, 1994.
15met Sergei Rachmaninoff: Van often told the tale that his parents traced his decision to be a pianist to the night when Rachmaninoff played in Shreveport at the invitation of the committee to which Rildia Bee belonged. Van was supposed to attend the concert, the story went, but had caught chicken pox and had to stay at home; instead, he listened to it on the radio, and when Rildia Bee returned, she regaled him with every detail. This appears impossible. Van generally gave the date of this concert as November 14, 1938, though some accounts say 1939; he subsequently made his Carnegie Hall debut on November 14, 1954, and often noted the coincidence. But Rachmaninoff performed in Shreveport only on January 24, 1923, and November 14, 1932 (on the fifteenth, he wrote the letter lamenting the dire attendance), before Van was born. On November 14, 1938, Rachmaninoff appeared in Ames, Iowa, and on November 14, 1939, he performed in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania; he had no engagements in Texas or Louisiana during the 1938/39 season. He did, however, play in Fort Worth on November 15, 1937 (on the fourteenth, he was in St. Louis), when Van was three. It seems that two stories—one of Rildia Bee’s involvement in Rachmaninoff’s 1932 visit to Shreveport, another of Van listening to his later performance on the radio—were consciously or unconsciously blended into a single parable of the passing of the torch from master to student. For a complete list of Rachmaninoff’s American concert dates, see Robin Sue Gehl, Reassessing a Legacy: Rachmaninoff in America, 1918–43 (PhD diss., University of Cincinnati, 2008), Appendix D: 252–97.