Navigenics, 308
Nazi Ancestral Proof, The (Ehrenreich), 66, 69, 71–74, 81–82
Nazi Germany, 25, 65, 66–82, 126, 148–49, 234, 238
concentration camps in, 68–69, 75,
79, 149
eugenics in, 71–73, 75–76, 80–82
Kristallnacht in, 149
Lebensborn clinics in, 76–80
Nuremberg trials and, 75, 78, 80
Neanderthals, 209, 252–55
skin color and, 285
Netherlands, 192, 305
Newcastle, 175–76
New England Historic Genealogical Society (NEHGS), 30, 34, 36, 45
Newton, Ephraim, 23
New South Wales, 86, 99, 102, 104
New York Review of Books, 23–24
New York Times, 73, 80, 82, 182, 239
New Zealand, 32, 138
Niall of the Nine Hostages, 195–96
Niue, 117
Noakes, David, 138
North America, 249
North Korea, 93
Norway, 203–6
Nunn, Nathan, 141–46, 150–51,
152–53, 156
Nuremberg trials, 75, 78, 80
Obama, Barack, 39–40, 122
Obama, Barack, Sr., 39
Obama, Michelle, 39, 40
O’Donnell, Turlough, 196
“one drop” rule, 60
1000 Genomes Project, 317–18
On the Origin of Species (Darwin), 53,
59, 183
Orkney, 159–61, 164, 166–67, 169, 172, 176–77, 261–62
orphans, 85–92, 124
Oxford Ancestors, 179–80, 182
Pääbo, Svante, 252, 254
Pakistan, 181
palatal torus, 273, 279
palimpsests, 264
pangenesis, 53–54
Pardo, Juan, 272
Parkinson’s disease, 306
Parramatta:
Girls’ Training School, 89–90
Returned & Services League,
17–19, 22
Passing of the Great Race, The (Grant), 60, 75–76
path dependency, 12–13
Patterson, Glynis McHargue, 199–200
Patterson, Nick, 219, 257
pedigree collapse, 220
pedigrees, 36, 37, 62, 129, 217
Personal Genome Project (PGP), 316
pheromones, 259
physical traits, see traits
Picts, 167, 169, 177, 213
Pierre: or, The Ambiguities (Melville), 42
Pinker, Steven, 316–17
Pires, Tomé, 256
plagues, 158
Black Death, 147–48, 149, 151, 180
Plato, 49
plow, 152–53
Plowden, Alison, 286
pogroms, 147, 148, 149
Ponkapoag Indians, 35–36
poor, 60
Popenoe, Paul, 62–64, 65
population structure, 162–64
presentism, 29, 31, 187
pride, 23, 24
primates, 20
principal components analysis (PCA), 167
privacy laws, 88–89
Promethease, 207
proteins, 291
Punch, John, 40
purity, 60
racial, see racial purity
Pygmies, 255
Quebec, 133–35
Quoidbach, Jordi, 28–29, 33
QWERTY keyboard, 12
race, 236–39, 241, 311
ancestry and, 239, 263
defining, 238
facial recognition and, 283–84
genome and, 236–38
marriage laws and, 269–70
“one drop” rule and, 60
personalized, 263
triracial groups, 271
racial purity, 60, 65, 71
Nazi Germany and, 67, 72–74
racism, 233–34, 235, 238
Grant and, 56, 58
radioactive waste, 120–21
Ralph, Peter, 213–14, 216–17, 220, 222
records, 87, 91, 92, 110, 111–38
in Australia, 88, 91–92, 135–38
birth certificates, 87, 88–89
in Canada, 133–35
census data, 41, 47, 128–29, 133
in China, 94–96, 127
destruction of, 92–93
Domesday Book, 118–20
genealogy companies and, see genealogy companies
in Iceland, 120, 132–33
of institutionalized children, 87–92
in Ireland, 106, 107, 118
in Italy, 116
in Niue, 117
preservation methods and, 117–22
privacy laws and, 88–89
Reed, Paul, 45
Reich, David, 249–50, 252, 253
Republic, The (Plato), 49
Returned & Service’s League, Parramatta, Australia, 17–19, 22
Revolutionary War, 40–41, 43
Rh factor, 162–63
rice-growing cultures, 153–54
Robinson, Mark, 168–74, 176–78
Robinson, Thomas, 179–83
Roman Britain, 170–73
Romans, 36, 59, 169, 170, 172, 213,
222, 295
Roosevelt, Theodore, 56
Roots (Haley), 47–48
Roth, Wendy, 25–26, 27, 131–32,
242–44
Rymanów, 25
Saguenay, 134
St. Anne’s College, Oxford, 161
Salem witch trials, 35
Saltonstall, Leverett, 39, 41
Samaritans, 295–96
diseases in, 296, 299–300
San Francisco earthquake, 118
Sanghera, Sathnam, 20
Sarkar, Gudrun, 78–79
Saxons, 168–74, 177
Schurer, Kevin, 128–29
Science, 233
Scotland, 169
clans in, 187–91
Orkney, 159–61, 164, 166–67, 169, 172, 176–77
surnames in, 192–93
Scott, Richard, 277
Searching for My Source (Borjigin), 93
seeing, 259
senses, 259
September 11 terrorist attacks, 115, 156–57
Seven Up, 136
sexual selection, 283
Shakespeare, William, 121–22, 267, 320
Shapira, Emmanuel, 298
Sheedy, Leonie, 91
sheep, 49–51, 59, 107
shifting cultivation, 152
Shriver, Mark, 284
Siberia, 249, 250, 254, 277
sickle-cell anemia, 302
single nucleotide polymorphisms, xi
skin color, 284–85
Slaughterhouse-Five (Vonnegut), 67
slavery, 40, 41, 47, 92, 139–46, 151, 157, 158, 256–57, 260
betrayal and distrust and, 143–46, 150–51
economies and, 142–43, 145
genome and, 260
slime mold, 290, 291
smelling, 259
Smith, Joseph, 46, 113
SNPedia, 207
social institutions, 157
Society of Colonial Wars, 56
Society of the Cincinnati, 41, 44
Somalia, 32
Somersby, Horatio Gates, 45
Sorenson, James LeVoy, 203–6, 223–24
Sorenson Molecular Genealogy Foundation (SMGF), 206–7, 232
Spenser, Edmund, 272–73
Spiro, Jonathan Peter, 56
starch, 25
8–59
sterilization, 64, 72, 75
Stürmer, 149
surnames, 191–99
in England, 192–99
in Ireland, 192, 198–99, 200–201
in Mongolia, 93, 191–92
patronymic, 192
Ryan, 198
Smith, 197, 198, 199
Y chromosomes and, 193–98, 200–201
Švencionys, Lithuania, 25
Sykes, Bryan, 179
Tabellini, Guido, 156, 223
TallBear, Kim, 233–34
Tasmania, 96–97, 99–105, 107–8
Founders and Survivors and, 135–38
Tasmania’s Convicts (Alexander), 101
taste, 259
Tay-Sachs disease, 297–99, 301
technology, 152
invention of plow, 152–53
in preservation of records, 118–22
teeth, 278
shovel, 273, 277–278, 279
TheGeneticGenealogist.com, 211
“This Be the Verse” (Larkin), 139
Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemings:
An American Controversy
(Gordon-Reed), 226
Thomas Jefferson Memorial Foundation, 227
Thomas Woodson Family Association,
228, 229
Thurmond, Strom, 24, 124
Times (London), 20, 138, 182
Tinkham, Lydia, 35
Toba, Indonesia, 248
Tocqueville, Alexis de, 102
traits, 161–62, 278, 303, 311
dental, 273, 277–78, 279
eye color, 278, 285
facial, 279–81, 282–84
height, 278, 303–4
in Ireland, 282
in Melungeons, 273, 277
Mendelian, 278
in Native Americans, 282
palatal torus, 273, 279
polygenic, 278
skin color, 284–85
Trinity College Dublin, 195
Trojan horses, 31
trust, 154, 156, 157
distrust in Africa, 143–46, 150–51, 156
economies and, 144–45, 156
in Italy, 156
Turkey, 192
Twain, Mark, 179
23andMe, 207, 210, 212, 217, 306–7, 308, 310, 316–17
twins, x, 8
studies of, x, 54
Umbrella (Self), 30
U.S. News & World Report, 229
U.S.–Venezuela Collaborative Research Project, 288
Utah, 205–6
Van Diemen’s Land, 2, 96–97, 98, 100, 104, 109, 136
Verkler, Jay, 114–16, 122–23
Vikings, 2, 10, 172, 176, 177, 193–95, 221, 261–62, 318
vitamin D, 284, 285
Voigtländer, Nico, 148–50
volcano in Toba, Indonesia, 248
Vonnegut, Kurt, 67
Voth, Hans-Joachim, 148–50
Wagner, Jennifer, 244–45
Walking Toward the Sunset (Winkler), 273
Walters, Barbara, 7
Wantchekon, Leonard, 143–46,
150–51, 157
warfarin, 306
Washington-Williams, Essie Mae,
24, 124
Wayles, Martha, 225, 227, 238
Watson, James, 161
Webster, Daniel, 46
Webster, Thomas, 46
Weider, Johann Michael, 66
Weil, François, 39–46
Wellcome Trust Case Control
Consortium, 164
Wellcome Trust Centre for Human
Genetics, 161
Wesorts, 271
West, John, 105
Westerinen, Julia Jefferson, 232
Western, educated, industrialized,
rich, and democratic (WEIRD) societies, 30
Western cultures, Eastern cultures compared with, 153–54
Westray, 159–61, 176–77
Wexler, Nancy, 288–89
wheat-growing cultures, 153–54
“Where To?” (Heinlein), 111, 126
Wild, Ed, 293
Williams, Sloan, 229–32
Williams, Zoe, 20
William the Conqueror, 118
Winkler, Wayne, 267–69, 271, 273, 275
Wirral, 193–95
Wisdom of Sirach, 34
Witherspoon, D. J., 237
Wixon, Clarence, 35
Wixon, Clinton, 35
women:
beliefs about differences between men and, 152–53
parents’-country-of-origin effect on, 154–56
in workforce, 153, 155, 157
Wood, Gordon S., 226
Woodson, Byron, 231
Woodson, Lewis, 230
Woodson, Thomas, 225, 227–31
Woodson family, 228–33
Woodward, Scott, 203–7, 223–24
World Value Survey, 152
World War I, 148, 260
World War II, 25, 65, 67, 105, 113, 116, 148, 260
Wozniak, Steve, 310
Würzburg, 148, 149
X chromosomes, 184, 201, 202, 216, 257
Y chromosomes, 163, 178, 184–86, 199, 200, 202, 204–7, 216, 221, 257, 261
copying mistakes in, 185
of Genghis Khan, 180–82, 195
of Hemings and Jefferson, 226–33
in Ireland, 195–96, 198, 200–201, 282
of MacLaren clan, 189–91
of Niall, 195–96
passing down of, 184–85, 193
of Robinson, 179–83
surnames and, 193–98, 200–201
Zinn, Howard, 85
* All names in Roth’s study are pseudonyms.
The Invisible History of the Human Race Page 43