11. I have collected 91 apples, which I wish to put into bags for handing out to some of my neighbours. All bags must contain the same number of apples and I wish to use as few bags as possible. How many neighbours received a bag of apples and how many apples did each bag contain?
12. I completed a journey by bus, rail and taxi. If the train fare cost £27.35, the taxi fare cost £15.90 less than the train fare and the bus fare cost £9.55 less than the taxi fare, how much did the total journey cost me?
13.
What number should replace the question mark?
14. I have three rolls of turf, each measuring 20 metres long by 4 metres wide, with which I intend to cover two rectangular areas of ground, one of which is 6 metres by 18 metres and the other 15.5 metres by 5.5 metres. How many square metres of turf will I have left over?
15. Out of 144 guests at a conference, a quarter took their coffee with sugar only,took it with both milk and sugar, one out of every 16 guests took it with milk only and the rest took it black with neither milk nor sugar. How many guests took it black with neither milk nor sugar?
Section III — Technical aptitude
With the explosion of information technology, technical aptitude testing is becoming increasingly more important, as people with a higher scientific and technical aptitude have the potential to master technology much more effectively than someone with a lower technical aptitude. Employing job candidates who have displayed a high level of technical aptitude in technology-oriented jobs is, therefore, considerably more cost-effective, in terms of both training and efficiency of performance, in carrying out the job at the desired level.
As new technology continues to emerge and develop, it is important to employers that they have the means at their disposal to identify candidates who are able to learn these new technologies quickly and are able to apply these skills in order to solve complex problems in their jobs.
Test 2.15 Technical aptitude test
The following test consists of 15 questions that are designed to test your general scientific knowledge, technical aptitude and powers of mechanical reasoning and logic.
A time limit of 40 minutes is allowed.
The use of calculators is permitted in this test.
1.
What percentage of the visible figure is shaded?
2.
What is the value of the internal angle of an octagon?
3. Brass is an alloy made from two metals, __________________ and __________________ .Which two metals are missing?
a) copper and iron
b) copper and tin
c) iron and tin
d) nickel and tin
e) iron and nickel
f) zinc and copper
g) iron and zinc
4.
A nut is so tight on a screwed bolt you are having great difficulty unscrewing it. Which of the following is the most effective in freeing it?
a) cooling it
b) submerging it in warm water
c) heating it
d) none of the above
5.
What is the name of the above figure?
a) icosahedron
b) rhombus
c) ellipsoid
d) parallelepiped
e) rhomboid
6.
What is the area in square units of the figure above?
7.
Given that point C is the centre of the circle, insert the names of the lines from the choice given below. One of the choices is not used:secant, chord, radius, tangent, diameter
8. __________________ is when heat travels from the warmed end of an object towards the cool end. __________________ is when heat travels through space. __________________ is when heat from a hotplate is transferred to water in a pan placed on the hotplate.Insert the three types of heat below into their correct definition: radiation, conduction, convection
9. Dynamism is the doctrine that all substance involves __________________ . Insert the correct word into the above definition from the choice below:a) momentum
b) mass
c) force
d) motion
e) gravity
10. The speed of sound is approximately 740 m.p.h. A fire engine with its siren sounding is approaching you at 80 m.p.h. At what speed is the sound from the siren approaching you?a) 820 m.p.h
b) 740 m.p.h
c) 660 m.p.h
d) 9.25 m.p.h
11.
Buckminsterfullerine (as illustrated above) is a natural form, or allotrope, of carbon. It consists of 60 carbon atoms linked together to form an almost spherical C60 molecule. Which of the following does it consist of?
a) 24 hexagons and 8 pentagons
b) 12 pentagons and 20 hexagons
c) 30 hexagons and 10 pentagons
d) 16 hexagons and 12 pentagons
e) 20 hexagons and 12 pentagons
12.
If you picked up a single cube, turned it around, and looked at it from all directions, six faces would be visible. If you picked up the figure above and looked at it from all angles and directions, how many faces would be visible?
13.
The above diagram is proof of which of the following?
a) Fermat’s last theorem
b) Boyle’s law
c) Pythagoras’ theorem
d) Einstein’s general theory of relativity
e) Godel’s theorem
f) Euclid’s algorithm
g) Coulomb’s law
h) None of the above
14. In mathematical equations the order of operations is multiplication before addition. What is the value of ? in the following?{4[6 + (4 × 9 + 14)]} = ?
15. The __________________ is a unit of frequency equal to one cycle per second.Insert the correct word into the definition:a) Joule
b) Hertz
c) diode
d) dyne
e) Kelvin
3
Logical reasoning
The Concise Oxford English Dictionary defines logic as ‘the science of reasoning, proof, thinking or inference’.
In philosophy, logic (from the Greek logos, meaning word, speech or reason) is a science that deals with the principles of valid reasoning and argument. In this context, logic concerns only the reasoning process and not necessarily the end result. Thus, incorrect conclusions can be reached by so-called ‘faulty’ means if the original assumptions are faulty. There are many kinds of logic, such as fuzzy logic and constructive logic, which have different rules and different strengths and weaknesses.
A further definition of ‘logical’ is analytical or deductive, and this definition can be applied to someone who is capable of reasoning, or using reason, in an orderly, cogent fashion.
It is this latter definition with which we are concerned in this chapter and all the questions can be solved using this type of thinking process. There is no specialised knowledge required in order to solve them, just an ability to think clearly and analytically and follow a common-sense reasoning process step by step through to its conclusion.
Test 3.1 Pure logic
Test 1 consists of 10 questions of varying scope and difficulty. There is no specialised knowledge of mathematics or vocabulary required in order to solve these questions, just the ability to think clearly and analytically.
The Complete Book of Intelligence Tests
You have 50 minutes in which to solve the 10 questions.
1. elk mink mouse gibbon pantherWhich creature comes next? Is it: squirrel, tortoise, tigress, wildebeest, platypus or aardvark?
2. January February April July November April ?What comes next?
3.
What letters should appear in the fourth square?
4.
What numbers should appear on the bottom row?
5.
What numbers should replace the question marks?
6.
What number should replace the question mark?
7. 7896432 is to 9872346 and 9247183 is
to 4293817 therefore 8629471 is to ?
8. From the information already provided, find the link between the numbers in each row, and then fill in the missing numbers:3859 1 1 1 4 —
4978 — — — — 4 6
7579 — — — — —
9.
What number should replace the question mark?
10. 3829718 is to 87283 and 642735 is to 5346 therefore 6917 is to ?
Test 3.2 Progressive matrices test
The 10 questions here are designed to test and exercise your appreciation of pattern and design, your ability to think logically but at the same time to explore with an open mind the various possibilities that might lead to a correct solution.
In tests of intelligence, a matrix is an array of squares in which one of the squares has been omitted, and where you must choose the correct missing square from a number of options. It is therefore necessary to study the matrix to decide what pattern is occurring, either by looking across each line and down each column, looking at the array as a whole or looking at the relationship between different squares within the array.
The test that follows consists of 10 questions which gradually increase in difficulty as the test progresses, first starting with 2 × 2 arrays, then 3 × 3 arrays and finally 4 × 4 arrays. The tests also call for a degree of creative thinking, in which you must apply your mind to each set of diagrams in order to appreciate the patterns and sequences that are occurring.
You have 45 minutes in which to solve the 10 questions.
1.
Which is the missing square?
2.
Which is the missing square?
3.
Which is the missing square?
4.
Which is the missing square?
5.
Which is the missing square?
6.
Which is the missing square?
7.
Which is the missing square?
8.
Which is the missing section?
9.
Which is the missing section?
10.
Which is the missing section?
Test 3.3 Advanced logic test
This test is very similar to Test 1 but with a higher degree of difficulty. As in the case of Test 1, there is no specialised knowledge of mathematics or vocabulary required in order to solve these questions, just the ability to think clearly and analytically.
You have 90 minutes in which to solve the 10 questions.
1.
What number should replace the question mark?
2.
What number should replace the question mark?
3.
What number should replace the question mark?
4. senate, banana, mirage, curate, revoke Which one of the words below belongs with the words above? ginger, humane, abacus, yogurt, sector
5. Five suspects, one of whom is the guilty party, are being interrogated by the police. Who is the culprit if just three only of the following statements are correct?Alf: ‘Dave did it.’
Ben: ‘It wasn’t me.’
Charlie: ‘Ernie is innocent.’
Dave: ‘Alf is lying when he accuses me.’
Ernie: ‘Ben is telling the truth.’
6.
If the number 1943 is represented by the symbols:
what number is represented by the symbols:
7.
What numbers should replace the question marks?
8.
Which is the odd one out?
9. • Start with a full cup of black coffee (no milk) and drink one-third of it.
• Now pour into the cup an amount of milk equal to the coffee you have just drunk, and stir well.
• Now drink a further half of the resultant mixture.
• Now pour into the cup a further amount of milk equal to the mixture you have just drunk and stir well again.
• Now drink one-sixth of the resultant mixture.
• Now pour into the cup a further amount of milk equal to the mixture you have just drunk, stir well, and finally, drink the whole cup of liquid.
Have you drunk more milk or more coffee in total?
10. • You have five bags, each containing 10 balls. One bag contains red balls, one bag contains yellow, one bag contains green, one bag contains blue and one bag contains brown.
• All of the balls in four of the bags weigh 20 grams and all the balls in one of the bags, you do not know which bag, weigh 18 grams, i.e. they are 2 grams less than the other balls.
By using a single tray scale (and not a two-tray Libra-type scale), how can you find out in the minimum number of weighings which bag contains the lighter balls?
4
Creativity
In the creative state a man is taken out of himself. He lets down as it were a bucket into his subconscious and draws up something which is normally beyond his reach. He mixes this thing with his normal experiences and out of the mixture he makes a work of art.
E. M. Forster
The term ‘creativity’ refers to mental processes that lead to solutions, ideas, concepts, artistic forms, theories or products that are unique or novel. It has sometimes been referred to as ‘the eighth intelligence’.
In this chapter there will be an opportunity not only to explore your creative talents and potential in general, but also the specific creative thought processes of imagination, lateral thinking and problem solving.
As a result of work carried out in the 1960s by the American neurologist Roger Wolcott Sperry (1913 — 1994), it became apparent that the creative functions of human beings are controlled by the right-hand hemisphere of the human brain. This is the side of the brain which is under-used by the majority of people, as opposed to the thought processes of the left-hand hemisphere, which is characterised by order, sequence and logic; and is responsible for such functions as numerical and verbal skills.
Sperry shared the 1981 Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine for his split-brain research, which serves as the basis for our current understanding of cerebral specialisation in the human brain. From the 1960s his work with human patients proved to be of major significance in the development of neurobiology and psychobiology. He published his ground-breaking discovery of two separately functioning hemispheres of the brain in 1968.
Thanks to people such as Sperry, in the second half of the twentieth century we have become much more aware of the importance of the human brain, its functioning and its relationship to our body; in fact we have learned more about the brain in the past decade or so than in all of the previous centuries, and one area in which we have obtained a much greater understanding concerns the specialisation of the cerebral hemispheres.
Throughout history it has been accepted that human beings are all different in their own way; in other words, each one of us is an individual with his=her own physical make-up, fingerprints, DNA, facial features, character and personality. These characteristics have always been analysed and categorised, but it was not until the mid-twentieth century that it was realised that each one of us has two sides to his=her brain, each of which have quite different functions and characteristics.
In the 1960s, Roger Sperry, Michael Gazzanniga and Joseph Bogan began a series of ground-breaking experiments that seemed to indicate certain types of thinking were related to certain parts of the brain.
Research, begun in the 1950s, had found that the cerebral cortex has two halves, called hemispheres, which are almost identical. These two brain hemispheres are connected by a bridge, or interface, of millions of nerve fibres called the corpus callosum, which allows them to communicate with each other. The left side of the brain connects to the right side of the body, while the right side of the brain connects to the left side.
In order to work to its full potential, each of these hemispheres must be capable of analysing its own input first, only exchanging information with the other half, by means of the interface, when a considerable amount of processing has taken place.
Because both hemispheres are capable of working independently, human beings are able to process two streams of information at once. The brain then compares and integrates the information to obtain The Complete Book of Intelligence Tests a broader and more in-depth understanding of the concept under examination.
In the early 1960s, Sperry and his team showed by a series of experiments, first using animals whose corpus callosum had been severed, and then on human patients whose corpus callosum had been severed in an attempt to cure epilepsy, that each of the two hemispheres has developed specialised functions and has its own private sensations, perceptions, ideas and thoughts, all separate from the opposite hemisphere.
As their experiments continued, Sperry and his team were able to reveal much more about how the two hemispheres were specialised to perform different tasks. The left side of the brain is analytical and functions in a sequential and logical fashion and is the side which controls language, academic studies and rationality. The right side is creative and intuitive and leads, for example, to the birth of ideas for works of art and music.
The Complete Book of Intelligence Tests Page 5