See also heresy
science 454, 455, 458, 463
Scotland xxiii, 4
C and 26–7, 30, 34, 35, 36, 88–9, 141–2, 307
C in, 1633 23, 26, 27; 1641 141–2, 148, 155, 158–60, 168; the Incident 159, 173, 174, 178
Charles, Prince of Wales, support for 563
convention of estates, 1643 308, 309
Edinburgh see Edinburgh
England: distrust of 22, 23, 158; as reciprocated 466
England, settlement with 154, 158, 471–2
the four estates 33–4, 529
France and 12, 89, 90–91
Montrose’s campaign, 1644–5 335–6, 348, 353, 374–5, 386–7
Orkneys/Shetland 316
Prayer Book rebellion see Prayer Book rebellion
Revocation scheme 26–7
See also Covenanters
Scottish bishops 12, 14, 15, 16, 17–18, 23–4, 28, 29, 88, 448
distrust of 28, 29–30
Scottish General Assembly 38–9, 88, 89, 104
Scottish nobility 33, 37
Scottish Parliament 104, 529, 537
Scottish Prayer Book reform
C’s support for 3, 6, 12, 17, 23–4, 26, 27–30, 31–2, 33, 36–9; his withdrawal of 38
opposition to see Covenanters; Covenanters
purpose 27
See also Prayer Book rebellion
Scottish Privy Council 28, 37, 38
Scottish Prayer Book and 30, 31–2, 33, 36
Scottish Reformation 12–18, 30
Scottish Reformed Church (Presbyterian) xxiii
bishops see Scottish bishops Book of Common Order 17
Books of Discipline 12, 14, 15
as Calvinist 6, 14, 18, 36
denouncing of, by Cheney Culpeper 344, 347
Five Articles of Perth 17, 24, 31
form of worship 16–18
General Assembly 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 24
institutional structure 13–14, 17–18, 29–30, 311
Jure divino 60
the kirk 13, 14, 15–17, 18, 24, 28, 32, 88, 310
Negative Confession 14–15, 34, 36, 107
Scottish settlers, in Ulster 162, 163, 165, 166-7, 175
Scottish troops 83, 84, 319
Engagers (royalists) in Second Civil War 529, 537, 541–5
in Ireland 469–70
in parliamentary army 235, 242
See also Covenanter army
scriveners 53
scrofula see King’s Evil
Scrope, Sir Adrian 246
Scudamore, Barnabas 414
sectarianism 146–7, 149–51, 204, 339–46, 432–3
dangers of 176–7, 310–11, 445–8, 451–2
fear of 149, 152, 153, 452, 468, 534
women’s influence on 409–10, 411, 434
See also Independent churches
sedition 148, 459–60, 487, 510, 540, 531
Selby 326
Self-Denial proposals, 1644 350–51, 373
Self-Denying Ordinance, 1644 351-2, 353, 370, 371, 412, 540
Cromwell exempted from 370, 372
significance 353–4, 479
Sequestration Ordinance 1643 270, 281
implementation 396, 404–5, 46
settlements see peace negotiations
Sexby, Edward 512
Seymour, Sir Francis 91, 228
Sharpe, Thomas 579
Sheppard, Thomas 579
Sherborne Castle 216, 222, 253, 385
Sherfield, Henry 314
ship money 68–70, 71, 86, 87, 98, 127, 394
opposition to payment 119, 132
as unlawful 140, 141
shipping, commercial 399
Mother Shipton 368
Short Parliament, 1639 89–96, 111
Additional Instructions to, on Irish rebellion 168–9, 170, 178, 181
business 90–91
dissolution 93, 96; disturbances following 93–5; measures against 94–5
grievances presented to 90, 91–3, 107
John Pym in 125
Shrewsbury 221, 223, 241
Shropshire 65–6, 219, 401, 406, 413
clubmen in 413, 414, 415, 417
as royalist 224, 268, 389–90
Shrove Tuesday, significance of 116, 482
Shute, Richard 117
Sibthorpe, Robert 48, 86
siege warfare 391–4
See also individual sites
Signes and wonders from Heaven 431–2, 433
Simpson, Sidrach 338–9, 339
Simpson, William 579
Skippon, Philip 185, 332, 371, 491, 541
at Naseby 376, 377
slavery 194–5
Slingsby, Sir Henry 117, 297
Smith, Anne 461
Smith, Francis 462
Smith, John (Rainborough’s guard in Doncaster) 548
Smith, Captain John 218
Smithfield Market, London 399 riot at, 1647 484–5
social structure 54, 57–8, 62–3
class divisions 232, 233–6 the court see the court gentlemen/gentry 54, 58–9, 61, 62, 396, 405–6
Lords Lieutenant 64, 66, 67, 68, 99
middling sort 32, 57–8, 59, 62, 137
nobility see nobility the poor 57–8, 59, 61, 184, 233–6, 428, 429, 455, 456, 483, 484–5
working people 61, 233–6, 483; See also trades/industries
‘Solemn Engagement’ (civilian), 1647 500–501
Solemn Engagement (New Model Army), 1647, 495, 507
Solemn League and Covenant, 1643 310–13, 319, 320, 321, 323, 338, 348
contents 310, 311, 350, 371, 525
national subscription to 324, 446–7, 449, 464
purpose 310, 312
requirement to sign 372, 481; by C, under Newcastle Propositions 465, 492; his continuing opposition to 520, 522, 523, 529
Somerset 130, 152, 406, 419, 424
clubmen in 413, 414, 415, 417–18
militia in 215–16, 231, 279
Somerset House, Henrietta Maria’s chapel 73
purgation of 274, 274
Souldiers Catechisme 460
South Eastern Association (parliamentarian) 321
Southampton, Thomas Wriothesley, 4th Earl 228
Spain
as a Catholic country 73
C’s secret visit, 1623–4 49, 116
England and 10, 21, 45, 49, 73, 84;
Cadiz expedition 45, 46, 242
England, war with 45, 65
France and 472
Ireland and 163
speech, freedom of 196, 342–3, 458
in Parliament 460, 487–8
Spencer, John 344
Spenser, Edmund: View on the Present State of Ireland 162, 163
Spinoza, Benedict (Baruch) de 453
Staffordshire 172, 219, 254
Stamford, Earl 255, 264
Stanley, Sir Thomas 217
Stapleton, Sir Philip 481, 494, 503
New Model Army and 488, 491, 498, 500
Star Chamber, Court of 66, 67, 71, 77, 86, 131, 141, 153, 235
abolition of 121, 141, 153
See also legal system
Starker, Captain 390
Stationers” Company 294–5
Stearne, John 429, 430, 434, 463
Stitchberry, Anne (sister of Richard Stitchberry) 202
Stitchberry, Richard 201–2
Stow-on-the-Wold
engagement at, 1643 290
battle of, 1646 388, 467
Stradling, Sir Edward 224, 385
Strafford, Earl of see Wentworth, Sir Thomas
Strange, Lord see Derby, James Stanley, 7th Earl
Strange Newes from Scotland… 504–5, 505
Strangways, Sir John 228
Stratton, battle of, 1643 287
subsidies 132–3, 140, 269
See also finance/revenues
Sudeley Castle 327
Suffolk 63, 184, 219, 222, 427–8
iconoclasm 3
14, 428
purgation of churches 428, 433
witch trials 430
See also East Anglia
Sunday observance(s) 279–80, 340, 393, 482
See also holy days
supernatural phenomena 255–6, 364–5 See also monsters/monstrous births; providence; wonders
Supplicants 28–30, 29, 31–4
as Covenanters see Covenanters
the Tables and 33–4
as traitors 33, 35, 36
supralapsarian theology 7, 19
Surrey 43, 99, 103, 171, 404, 539
Surrey Trained Band 249
Sussex 396, 405
clubmen in 413, 414, 416, 417, 428, 421
Swanley, Vice-Admiral Richard 318
Sydenham, Lady 227–8
the Tables 33–4, 36, 111
Tadcaster 326
Tate, Zouch 351, 381
Taunton, siege of, 1645 374–5, 384
taverns see alehouses/taverns
tax collectors 403, 404, 422–4, 483
taxation 47, 56, 95, 132, 253, 269–70, 285, 323, 403
Assessment Ordinances 253, 273, 281, 321–2, 323, 394, 396
double (parliamentarian/royalist) 396–7, 403–4
poll tax 140
resentment of 422–4, 425–6
See also finance/revenues
Taylor, Jeremy 521
The Liberty of Prophesying 490
Taylor, John 196, 340
The World turn’d upside down 411, 505–6, 505
Temple, Sir Peter 69
Ten Propositions, 1641 142, 183
Tew, Nicholas 488
Tewkesbury 265
battle of, 1644 327
Thirty Nine Articles 163, 164, 309, 311
Thirty Years War, 1618–48 18, 22, 36, 45, 49, 53, 73, 75, 157, 395, 546
as Armageddon 75
Thomas, John 173, 206, 410, 449
A Bloody Plot, Practised by some Papists… 197–9, 198, 449
The Discovery Of a late and Bloody Conspiracie… 173, 174
Heads of Severall Proceedings 172, 173
Thomason, George 149, 153, 172, 173, 175, 196, 197, 338, 357, 489, 510
as collector xxii, xxiii, 583–4
as publisher 583, 584
Thomond, Barnabas O’Brien, Earl 306
Thomson, Maurice 117, 458
Tilbury Fort 402
Tippermuir (Scotland), battle of, 1644 335
tonnage and poundage 133–4, 140 See also customs revenues
Tonnage and Poundage Act 1641 140, 142
Torrington, battle of, 1646 388
torture, judicial 95
Tourneur, Timothy 66
Tower of London 178, 181, 186, 199
tracts see pamphlets/tracts
trade 47, 113–14, 184, 455, 458
trade regulation 458
trades/industries 114, 397–9, 403, 455
arms/ordnance 397–9, 398, 403
butchers 483–4
cloth/clothing 184, 233, 251, 399, 403, 454
tin mining 233
Trained Bands 64, 85, 98–9, 215, 216, 231, 242, 243, 249, 267, 374
administration/control 64, 65–7, 85
in London see London Trained Bands
as local in sympathy 267
muster masters 64–5, 242
mustering of/payment for 64–5, 85, 87, 96–101, 215, 216; opposition to 65–7, 71, 98–9; by royal prerogative 81–2, 83, 84, 86, 106
in parliamentary army 243, 248–9, 290, 320, 349
pressed men 85–7
reform of 64–5
royalist disarming of 223
substitutes for members of 85, 87, 98
See also militia
transport 399, 542
Traquair, John Stewart, Earl (Lord Treasurer) 27, 30–31, 32, 33, 89
treason 179–80, 300, 356
changes of allegiance seen as 233, 295, 297–9, 300–301
C accused of 449
definition 449, 450
Triennial Act 1641 132, 140, 499
A true and perfect picture Of our present reformation 534
truth 454, 458, 459, 463
Tulidah, Major 488
Turnham Green engagement, 1642 248–9, 251
typhus 294, 395
See also disease(s)
tyrannicide 257, 535
tyranny 453
Ulster 135, 162, 530
Black Oath 135, 164–5
in Irish Rebellion 166, 175
Scottish settlers in 162, 163, 165, 166–7, 175
See also Ireland
Ussher, James, Archbishop of Church of Ireland 127, 163
utopian ideals 156, 157–8
Uxbridge negotiations, 1645 350, 352–3, 417
terms 348–9, 352; C’s reaction to 348, 349, 352–3, 381; his rejection of 353, 354
vagrancy see the poor
Van Dyke: portraits of C 24, 25, 26, 474, 526, 580
Vane, Sir Henry 310, 371, 555
Vaughan, Reece 389
Venice 545
Venn, Captain John 117
Verney family 226–8, 247, 255
Vindiciae, contra tyrannos 257
translated by William Walker 535
Violet, Maptid 277
voting/voters 60, 90, 118, 519, 565
for Common Council 178, 179
parliamentary representation 515, 516–17, 519
property qualification for 118
by women 408
Vow and Covenant, 1643 288, 293–4, 297
wage levels 57, 99, 398, 400–401, 402, 483
Wakefield 102
Wales 59, 152, 172, 197, 200
clubmen in 413, 415
Glamorganshire 538
legal system 405–6
Marches 223, 224, 230
Monmouthshire 212, 224, 265, 415
New Model Army in 538
the ‘Peaceable Army’ 538
Pembrokeshire 82, 538, 542–3
as royalist 216, 223–4, 252, 385, 388
royalist rising, 1648 538–9
See also Welsh troops
Walker, William 535
as possible executioner of C 580
Vindiciae, contra tyrannos, translated by 535
Waller, Sir William 216, 222, 320, 327
at Arundel 301
Commons, report to, 1645 350
Ralph Hopton, correspondence with 227
at Newbury, 1644 333
as a parliamentarian 227, 242, 252, 265, 287, 288, 289, 321, 326, 327–8, 331, 333, 349, 351, 370
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