by Radley Balko
Ecstasy drug, 257
Ehrlichman, John, 70, 71, 72, 92
Eisenhower, Dwight, 37, 40–41, 53
Elsass, Richard, 172–173
Emerson, Ralph Waldo, 20
England, 3, 4–5, 6–7, 13, 26, 27. See also Colonial period; London
Enlightenment era, 1, 6, 10
Enright, John, 123
Epstein, Edward Jay, 103, 104
Equitable sharing law, 154
Ervin, Sam, 81–83, 83–84, 85, 88, 89, 94–96, 102, 123–124, 135–136
Evidence, destruction of, 45, 46, 47, 49, 75, 85, 89–90, 93, 99–100, 155, 161, 186, 192, 196–197, 260–261, 325
Exclusionary Rule, 56, 141, 144, 145, 150, 151, 184, 261, 262, 263
Ezsterhas, Joe, 110
Faubus, Orval, 40
FBI, 126, 134, 141, 166, 190, 201, 248, 271, 276, 308, 326
Law Enforcement Bulletin of, 191
Federalists/antifederalists, 15, 16, 36
Federal military, 22–23, 24, 36, 37–38, 40, 41, 206
US Army Basic Field Manual, 39
“Federal Troops in Domestic Disturbances” (Patton), 37–38
Ferroggiaro, William, 113–114, 115
Fields, Virginia, 267
Finlator, John, 105
Flash-bang grenades, 156, 170, 172, 192, 194, 264, 269, 275–280, 307, 324
fires/deaths caused by, 275, 276, 277–278
Fleischer, Matthew, 77, 78
Florence, 4
Florida v. Riley, 174
Flynn, Ed, 334
Force Acts, 23
Forced-entry raids, 46, 123, 159, 183, 197, 259, 322, 323, 331. See also No-knock raids
Ford, Henry, 33
Fortner, Ken, 161–162
Fox News, xiii
Franklin, Neill, 210–211, 214, 325–326, 328
French, William, 139
French and Indian War, 13
French Connection, The (movie), 304–305
Friedman, Milton, 168–169, 224
Frum, David, 304
Frye, Marquette, Ronald and Rena, 51
Fugitive Slave Acts, 19, 21, 22
Fulcher, Tommy, 225, 226
Fullmer, Rick, 191
Gabor, Tom(Lt.), 191
Galvin, Jerry, 193
Gambling, 280–283, 322
Garner, Robert, 225, 226
Garrison, William Lloyd, 20
Gates, Daryl, 35, 53, 60, 61–64, 76, 78, 80, 126–130, 154–156, 165, 166, 188, 189
General Accounting Office (GAO), 140, 141
Gerry, Elbridge, 15
Gideon v. Wainwright, 54
Giglotto, Herbert and Evelyn, 116–117, 120
Ginsburg, Ruth Bader, 263
Giuliani, Rudy, 139–140
Glaspy, Will, 252
Glasser, Ira, 225, 226
González, Elián, 200, 204–205, 297
Goodman, Amy, 295
Gore, Larry, 161, 162
Graham, Katharine, 72
Grand juries, x–xi, 105, 114
Grants, 96, 104, 180, 210, 218, 299, 240, 253, 254, 255, 300, 321, 336. See also Byrne grants; COPS program
Great Drug War, The (Trebach), 149
Greene, J. L., 291
Greenhut, Steven, 297–298
Griffin, Robert, 89, 90
Guerrilla warfare, 53, 60
Gun control, 65, 199, 202, 273, 298
Haase, Jamie, 214
Habeas corpus, 38, 165
Haldeman, H. R., 101
Hale, Matthew, 7
Hallinan, Terence, 225, 226
Hamilton, Alexander, 1, 15
Hammer, Susan, 225–226
Hampton, Fred, 77
Harlan, John II, 48, 101
Harrelson, Hondo, 130–131, 132
Harris, Kevin, 200
Hasenei, Mike and Phyllis, 317–318
Hawkins, William, 6–7
Hawn, David, 248
Hayes, Rutherford B., 24, 25
Haynsworth, Clement, 101
Heal, Sid (Lt.), 58
Healy, Fran, 333
Hearst, Patty, 126, 128, 131
Heatly, Dr. Maurice Dean, 56–57
Heckler and Koch company, xii
Helicopters, xii, 63, 78, 108, 110, 112, 116, 136, 147, 148, 149, 173–174, 178, 179, 180, 210, 246, 282, 301
Henderson, Kevin and Lisa, 317
Henry, Patrick, 15
Heroin, 67, 68, 97, 103, 119, 136–137, 141, 157, 251, 331
High, Melvin, 314
Hill, Victor, 333
Hobson, Julius, 91
Homeland Security, Department of (DHS), 253–254, 255, 256–257, 296, 298, 299, 336
Hoover, Herbert, 37
Hoover, J. Edgar, 76, 141
Horton, Willie, 163
Hoxsie, Jack Ray, 60
Hruska, Roman, 70–71, 124
Hudson, Orlando, 259
Hudson v. Michigan, 261–262
Huffman, Josh (Lt.), 233–234
Humboldt County, California, 105–116, 136, 147–148
Humphrey, Hubert, 69, 146
Hutchison, Asa, 253
Illinois v. Gates, 150
Immigrants, xi, 31, 204, 228, 286, 288, 297, 301
Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS), 204, 205
Informants, xiii, 45, 77, 107, 121, 123, 150, 171, 182, 200, 202, 246, 249, 262, 264, 267, 322, 324, 325, 331
Ingersoll, John, 103, 104, 105
Insurrection Act, 18, 41
Internet, xiii, xiv, 243, 287, 296, 297, 307
Jackson, Michael, 314
James, Amber, 317
Jay, John, 1
Jefferson, Thomas, 15
Johnson, Amir, 312
Johnson, Daryl, 298–300
Johnson, Jack, 315
Johnson, Lyndon, 61, 64, 65, 98
Jones, Russ, 133–135, 184, 330
Julius Caesar, 2, 3
Justice Department, 71, 73, 82, 86, 87, 88, 122, 136, 141, 152, 193–194, 204, 244, 270
Community Oriented Policing Services (COPS) program, 218, 221–222, 223, 255, 301
Equitable Sharing Program, 219–220, 321
forfeiture fund of, 175
Justice Assistance Grants (JAG) program, 167
Office of Legal Counsel, 102, 177
Kane, Richard, 333
Katzenbach, Nicholas, 64
Katz v. United States, 55
Keene, N.H., 253–255, 256–257
Kelly, Raymond W., 265, 266
Kelly, Regina, 245–246
Kennedy, John F., 71
Kennedy, Robert, 68
Kerlikowske, Gil, 321
Ker v. California, 44–48, 49, 75, 92
Kilpatrick, James, 55
King, Martin Luther, Jr., 67
King, Rodney, 162–163, 186, 188
Kleindienst, Richard, 114, 115
Knock-and-announce raids, 45, 46, 47, 48, 67, 121, 123, 134, 135, 159, 160, 172, 183, 185, 195–196, 197, 260, 261, 279, 283, 324. See also No-knock raids
Knott, J. Proctor, 24, 25
Kopel, David, 271
Kraemer, Donn, 231
Kraska, Peter, 206–214, 220, 296–297
Krogh, Egil, 70–71, 92, 103, 119, 125
Lane, Kendall, 253
Latinos, 35, 40
Law and order issues, 70, 71, 84, 94, 101, 102, 135, 330
Law Enforcement Assistance Administration (LEAA), 65, 72, 96, 104, 119
Law Enforcement Support Program, 209, 301
Lawmaster, John, 202–203
Lema, Larry, 106
Liddy, G. Gordon, 74, 104, 199, 203
Littleton, James G., 63
Llovera, Jesus, 288
Lockwood, Randal, 290
Lockyer, Bill, 248, 249, 252
Logan, Utah, 207–208
London, 5, 29–30, 31
Loring, Charles, 19
Loring, Edward G., 21
Los Angeles/Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD), 34–35, 40, 51–53, 59–60, 6
3, 73, 75, 76–80, 126–130, 131, 154–157, 165–166, 211, 216, 229, 230, 232, 301
LAPD’s use of excessive force, 186–189
Tactical Operations Planning unit in LAPD, 61
Los Angeles Times, 161, 162, 248, 262
Lott, Leon, 239, 302
Lynch, Tim, 289–290, 336
MacArthur, Douglas (Gen.), 37, 38, 39, 41
McCaffrey, Barry, 215
McCormick, Todd, 216–217
McGovern, George, 68, 136
McKinley, Patrick, 77, 79
McKittrick, James, 114–115
McMillan, John, 84, 85
McNab, Chris, 130
McNamara, Joseph, 212, 218, 224–228, 273–274, 279
McVeigh, Timothy, 203, 298
McWilliams, Peter, 216–217
“Mad Dog Brown,” 223–224, 227
Maddow, Rachel, 298, 299
Madison, James, ix, xi, 1, 15
Madison Capital Times, 221
Magaw, Mark (Maj.), 312–313
Magna Carta, 9
Mallory v. United States, 82
Mansfield, Mike, 86, 89
Mapp v. Ohio, 54
Maricopa County, Arizona, 288, 302, 307
Marijuana (pot), xiii, 68, 74, 86, 105–116, 136, 141, 142, 147–150, 157, 164, 173, 178, 193, 195, 234, 247, 251, 259, 263, 313, 314, 317, 331, 332
legalization of, 215, 306
medical marijuana, 205, 206, 215–216, 252, 301, 322
Marines, 11, 21, 33, 60, 78, 97, 188
Marshals, x, 20, 22, 24, 25, 200, 201, 208
Martial law, 21, 22, 169, 170
Martin, Walter and Rose, 268
Martini, David (Det. Sgt.), 312
Mason, George, 15
Massachusetts v. Sheppard, 151
Massery, Jim, 255, 256–257
Massett, Eric and Rebecca Sue, 149
Mastrogiovanni, Roberta, 254
Matasareanu, Emil, 228–229
Mathers, Cortland, 169
Media, 91, 92, 93, 94, 101, 103, 104, 107, 108, 194, 203, 228, 243, 268, 269, 272, 273, 290. See also Social media; Television
Meese, Ed, 149, 190, 224
Mehan, Florence, Susan, and Linda, 74
Meiners, John, 120
Mena, Ismael, 185, 288
Mencken, H. L., 27
Methadone programs, 73, 92, 100, 143, 168, 224
Methamphetamine, 133, 135, 202, 247, 277
Mexico, 250, 251
Middle Ages, 4, 5
Militarism, 3, 15, 16, 133, 193, 200, 207, 214, 249. See also Police: militarization of
Military Cooperation with Law Enforcement Act, 145
Militias, 15, 18, 20, 203
Miller v. District of Columbia, 44, 48
Miranda decision, 54–55, 56, 66, 94, 141, 144
Mission creep, 242, 281, 283, 322–323
Mistaken/botched raids, xiii, 121, 122, 123, 172, 181–183, 185, 198, 199, 203, 242, 243, 249, 265–266, 268, 269, 276, 287, 303, 307, 311, 317–318, 319, 324, 331, 335
Mitchell, John, 71, 83, 93, 94, 100–101, 102
Moore, Mack Charles, 170–171
Morality, 145, 164, 165, 168
Morgan, Eric, 271
Morley, James J., 277
Morton, Ted, 76–77
Mueller, Ron, 59–60
Murder/homicide, 7, 27, 32, 56–59, 67, 68, 79, 91, 97, 106, 113, 114, 157, 233, 270, 271
Murphy, Patrick, 312
Myers, Frank and Pam, 316
National Defense Authorization Security Act of 1997, 209
National Guard, xii, 36, 40–41, 52, 68, 136, 147, 158, 178, 179–180, 188, 189, 202, 220, 235, 282
National Institute for Justice (NIJ), 269–270, 324
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), 143
National Journal, 209, 210
National Rifle Association (NRA), 203
Navy Seals, 208
Nelson, John (Sgt.), 60
New Jersey State Police, 63
Newsday, 266–267
Newsweek, 69
Newton, Huey, 76
Newton, Juanita Bing, 267
Newtown, Connecticut, 298
New York City, 30–31, 32, 50, 139, 224, 263–269, 296, 307, 333
Civilian Complaint Review Board (CCRB) in, 265–266, 267
New York Times, 49, 50, 64, 88, 91, 92, 118, 121, 122, 132, 192, 209, 264, 265, 274
Nichols, John, 97
Nixon, Richard, 50, 53, 66, 68, 69, 70, 71–74, 82, 84, 86, 94, 95, 100, 101, 104–105, 140–141, 143
Nix v. William, 151
No-knock raids, 71, 73, 75, 83, 84, 85, 88–96, 99–100, 100–101, 102, 105, 113, 116–117, 119, 121, 122, 123, 126, 135, 137, 151, 171, 183, 192, 195, 197–198, 226, 248, 261, 262, 263–264, 266, 288, 312, 313, 320, 322, 324
repeal of no-knock law, 124–125
requests for warrants for, 185–186
See also Forced-entry raids; Knock-and-announce raids
Noriega, Manuel, 177
Norman Conquest, 5, 13
North Carolina, University of, 233–234
Nuckols, A. J., 287, 288
Obama, Barack, 223, 247–248, 255, 300, 303, 321
Occupy protesters at UC Davis, 237
O’Connor, Sandra Day, 173
Office of Drug Abuse Law Enforcement (ODALE), 105, 107–108, 119, 120, 121, 122, 137, 147, 199, 305
Office of National Drug Control Policy (ONDCP), 164, 250
Olmstead, Stephen (Lt. Gen.), 11
Olson, Scott, 296
Omnibus Crime Control Act, 83
O’Neal, Shaquille, 287–288
Onion, The, 11
Open fields doctrine, 173
Operation Alliance, 182
Operation Byrne Blitz, 247
Operation Clean Sweep, 178
Operation Delta-9, 149–150
Operation Intercept, 73–74, 105
Operation Shock and Awe, 259–260
Operation TAPS, 259
Orfield, Myron, 184
Otis, James, Jr., 9–10, 45
Overkill: The Rise of Paramilitary Police Raids in America (Balko), 315–316
Ozark National Forrest, 149–150
Packer, Herbert, 83
Page, Clarence, 205
Page, Wade Michael, 299
Painkillers, 253, 322
Palmer, A. Mitchell, 38
Parker, William, 34–35, 52, 61
Parks, Bernard, 225, 227
Paschall, John, 246
Pastore, Nick, 191–192, 218
Patrick, Deval, 303
Patronage, 31, 32, 34
Patterson, Robert, 186
Patton, George S. (Maj.), 37–38, 39
Paxton’s Case, 9
Peel, Sir Robert, 29–30, 31
Pentangelo, Joseph, 291
Percy, Charles, 123–124, 136
Perjury, 184, 245
Perry, Rick, 245, 247
Pfeil, Suzanne, 252
Philadelphia, 30, 179
Philadelphia Inquirer, 55
Phillips, Channing, 91
Phillips, Larry Jr., 228–229
Pierce, Franklin, 21
Pike, John (Lt.), 296
Podell, Bertram, 91
Police
community policing, 34, 100, 162, 189, 190, 193, 218, 220–223, 224, 325
and control issues, 292, 327, 328
deaths of, 171–172, 269, 271–272, 273, 276
first police forces, 1–2, 29, 30
local vs. centralized policing, 4
as lying, 184, 334
militarization of, 35–42, 157, 163, 167, 171, 175, 188, 189–190, 191, 193, 202, 204, 205–206, 208, 209, 210, 215, 219, 224, 225, 228, 229, 230, 234, 242, 243, 255, 272, 292, 293, 296, 297, 299, 300, 334, 335, 336 (see also Drugs/drug war: use of military concerning; Militarism)
military gear of, 209–210, 213, 221, 242, 254, 294, 301, 308, 321
misconduct/excessive force of, 187–189, 225, 243, 247, 267, 286, 297, 298, 323, 332
physical fitness of, 328
police culture, 273, 292, 325–328
police unions, 329, 330
private police for hire, 29, 31
public’s opinion of, 169–170
raids by, xii, xiii, 7, 8, 72, 83, 84, 115, 120, 121, 159–163, 170–171, 175, 179–180, 214, 215, 237, 240–241, 258–259, 269, 285, 307–308 (see also Castle Doctrine; Forced-entry raids; Mistaken/botched raids; No-knock raids)
recruitment of, 98, 300, 306, 326
titles used by, 189–191
training, 291, 292, 327 (see also SWAT teams: training)
“troops to cops” program, 194–195, 219
uniforms of, xi, 29, 30, 134, 135, 189, 195, 255, 318, 329–330
Police state, 335
Policy issues, xv, 25, 50–51, 53, 125, 142, 143, 158, 167–168, 205, 289, 293, 315, 336. See also Crime: crime bills/policy; Reforms
Political machines, 31, 32
Polls, 64, 69, 104, 156, 165, 189, 272
Pop culture, 304, 307
Popular Justice (Walker), x
Pornography, 54. See also Children: child pornography
Porter, Georgia, 309, 310, 311
Portland, Oregon, 219–220, 237–238
Posse Comitatus Act, 24, 25, 139, 177, 180, 208
Postal workers, 291–292
Potter, John, 19
Poverty, 4, 31, 65
Powell, Louis, 101
Praetorian Guard, 2, 3
President’s Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice, 64–65
Preventive detention, 66, 67, 71, 73, 83, 84, 85, 90, 91, 100, 102, 105
Prince George’s County, Maryland, 171, 309–320
Prisons, 147, 166
Privacy, xiv, 6, 55, 320
Professionalism, 32, 34, 35, 262
Progressive movement/progressives, 31, 32, 298, 300
Protests, 36–37, 40, 59, 61, 68, 99, 133, 143, 242
at Democratic/Republican National Conventions, 68, 80, 295–296
at G-20 Summit (2009), 293–295
Occupy protests of 2011, 296–298
World Trade Organization (WTO) protests in 1999, 234–237, 293
Public housing, 195, 220, 224
Quartering in homes, 11–12, 13, 14, 15
Quota systems, 325
Racial issues, 64, 68, 115. See also Blacks
Rape, 27, 91, 157
RAVE Act, 257
Ray, James Earl, 67
Ray, Richard, 166
Reagan, Ronald, 125, 136, 139, 142, 143–147, 149, 157, 167, 244
Reconstruction, 23, 24–25
Reddin, Thomas, 61
Red Scare, 37, 38
Reed, Edward C., 281
Reforms, 31–32, 34, 162, 242, 269, 309–332
Regulatory laws, 284, 285, 289, 322, 332
Rehnquist, William, 101–102
Renner, Ross (Lt.), 256
Reno, Janet, 193, 200, 202, 204
Republicans, 66, 70, 247, 295, 330
Reynolds, Glenn, 331
Ribicoff, Abraham, 68
Richards v. Wisconsin, 196–197, 198