artifact, poem as, 134, 147, 151–55
artisanal, lyric as, 17, 30–31, 38, 152, 168–69
Ascham, Roger: Scholemaster, 42;
Toxophilus, 47
Ashbery, John, 19
Atwood, Margaret, 35, 249n54
audiences: 56–57, 63–64
Bakhtin on, 70–71
classifying, 61–64
concealment of, 68–69
discourse analysts on, 71–72
for dramatic soliloquy, 85
Eliot on, 66
Frye on, 67–69
future, 62
and identificatory voicing, 94–102
in Jonson’s “Celebration,” 72–74
for love poetry, 85–88
Mill on, 64–68
psalm singing and, 77–79
in Spenser’s Shepheardes Calender, 58–61
Augustine, Saint: commentary on psalms, 119–20
Confessions, 199
Austern, Linda Phyllis, 32, 50, 246n14, 247n17, 248n40, 250n85
Austin, J. L., 222, 279n93
authority, authorial, 134–35, 166, 169–70, 177–86
“authorizers,” 223–26
Autobiography of Thomas Whythorne, 208
Bahti, Timothy, 7, 198, 245n33, 262n13, 274n22
Bakhtin, M. M., 70, 195, 255n42
Bale, John, 121
Barker, Arthur, 267n96, 270n52
Barnes, Barnabe, Parthenophil and Parthenophe, 133
Barnfield, Robert, Cynthia, 178
Bartels, Emily C., 279n97
Barthes, Roland, 279n102
Basso, Ellen B., 71, 255n48
Bate, Jonathan, 22–23, 110, 246n11, 262n9
Bates, Catherine, 208, 276n56
Baudelaire, Charles, “Correspondances,” 244n26
Baxandall, Michael, 60, 253n16
Baxter, Richard, 80
Bell, Ilona, 45, 73, 89, 95, 97, 208, 250n77, 253n11, 259n98, 260n118, 276n56
Benn, Gottfried, 66
Bernstein, Charles, 9, 245n37
Bialostosky, Don H., 70–71, 255n41
Bible, 78, 119. See also psalms; psalm singing
Blank, Paula, 36, 249n60
Blau, Herbert, 133, 151, 266n72
Bloch, Maurice, 220, 278n89
Block, Alexandra, 264n47
blocking, lyric and, 22–24, 202, 213, 231–32
Bloom, Gina, 35
Boethius, Consolation of Philosophy, 170
Boland, Eavan, “Fever,” 2
Bonasone, Jiulio, 25
Booth, Mark W., 96, 220, 244n27, 260n122, 278n88, 279n92
both/and structures, 186–87, 240–41
Bowden, William, 216, 278n73
Bowra, C. M., 246n14
Boyd, Michael, 219
Brakhage, Stan, 1
breath, 35
Brennan, Michael G., 272n78
Brennecke, Ernest, 279n98
Brett, Guy, 264n51
brevity of lyric. See size of lyric
Brooks, Peter, 201, 275n36
Brown, Marshall, 5, 98, 236, 244n25, 261n129, 262n8, 281n15
Bruzzi, Zara, 269n15
Burrow, Colin, 103, 180
Bush, Douglas, 230
Butler, Judith, 150
Caedmon, 80
Calvin, John, 75
Cameron, Sharon, 5, 204, 244n22, 245n48, 263n27, 276n47
Campbell, Lily B., 256n61
Campion, Thomas, Lord Hay’s Masque, 25, 117
Carey, John, 90, 108, 259n103, 262n6
Carlson, Thomas B., 72, 255n52
carmina, 40
carpe diem tradition, 189–90
carpe florem tradition, 37–38
Carroll, William C., 219, 278n84
Cartier building (Paris), 55
Casciato, Maristalla, 243n3
catechresis, 44
Cathcart, Charles, 271n65
Cavanagh, Sheila T., 277n69
Celan, Paul, 5, 106
Chambers, A. B., 92, 259n105, 264n41, 275n33
chant, 6, 96, 217, 220
Chapman, George, Memorable Masque, 210
characters, marginalized, 215–16, 218–27
charm, 217, 220
Chartier, Roger, 159, 166, 187, 268n7, 269n14
Chaucer, Geoffrey: “Book of the Duchess,” 203
Troilus and Criseyde, 235–36
Cheney, Patrick, 32, 248n38
childhood and childishness, 35, 49–50
Christ, Carol, 281n16
Cicero, De Oratore, 83
Clark, Herbert H., 72, 255n52
Clayton, Jay, 198, 274n20, 275n43
Clemens, Wolfgang, 217, 258n92, 278n78
closure, 47, 53, 101, 104, 135, 153–55, 172, 175, 180, 184–85, 195, 220–23, 226; and
anticlosure, 104, 193, 230;
contestatory, 221, 223
Coiro, Ann Baynes, 270n51
Colie, Rosalie L., 144, 267n93
collaboration among authors and
publishers/printers, 181–82
Collins, Billy, 122
commodification of lyric, 1–2, 19, 45
commodity, text as, 159, 187
communality, 66–69
communal singing, 76–77. See also psalm singing
compositio loci, 120
conclusion of poem, as product, 153–55
conditions of production, 99, 238
and malleability of lyric, 162–65
and prose romances, 211, 215
and size/structure of lyric, 157–61
and sonnet cycles, 179–86. See also coterie circulation; print culture; scribal culture
contamination, fear of, 34–35
“contestatory closure,” 221, 223
Cope, Anthony, 20
coterie circulation, 59, 61, 83, 95, 181, 183–84, 238
couplet, 104, 153–55, 167, 170, 172–75
courtship, 45, 208
Cousins, A. D., 264n44
Coverdale, Miles, Goostly Psalmes, 76
Craig, Alexander, Amorose Songes …, 179
Crane, Mary Thomas, 30, 116, 152, 164, 175, 197, 248n33, 249n62, 263n33, 268n111, 269n22, 274n21
Crashaw, Richard, “Hymn in the Holy
Nativity,” 137, 148, 152
critic: and creative writer, 241; and voicing, 101–2
crown form, 177, 185–86
Culler, Jonathan, 5–6, 114, 122, 189, 216, 244n19, 260n113, 262n13, 263n29, 264n49, 273n1, 278n74
Daniel, Samuel: Cleopatra, 182
“Complaint of Rosamond,” 181–82
Delia, 8, 127, 174;
sonnets, 181–82
Dante, Vita nuova, 101, 119, 127, 207
David (biblical figure), 20–21, 77–78, 80
Davis, Lloyd, 224, 279n101
Davis, Walter R., 257n81
death, 35, 116, 139–41
of Orpheus, 20, 22–23, 28–29, 164
de Certeau, Michel, 265n52
declamatory songs, 84
deconstruction, 115
de Man, Paul, 5, 115, 244n26, 260n113, 263n25
demonstratio, 117
Devereux, Robert, Earl of Essex, 163
de Zegher, Catherine, 264n51
dialogics, 70–74
dialogue: lyric and the dialogic, 4, 11, 18, 59, 63, 70–71, 83, 97, 167, 231, 233
in meditation, 80
and monologue, 62–63
in pastoral, 92–93. See also immediacy, and distance; lyric, interplay with narrative
DiGangi, Mario, 22, 246n10
direction of address, 83–94, 103–5, 211
discourse analysis, 71–74
disnarrated, 190, 205
distance, 108–9, 112, 136
and immediacy, 139, 150–55
in Marvell’s “Bermudas,” 142–45
and mediating devices, 131–32
methodological problems, 109–17
in Milton’s Nativity Ode, 145–50
in Wroth’s Pamphilia, 141–42
Dob
ranski, Stephen B., 181, 271n66
Donne, John: “Apparition,” 206
“Break of day,” 123–24
“Calme,” 48
“Canonization, The,” 172
Devotions upon Emergent Occasions, 79–80
“Flea,” 5
“Funerall,” 99, 201
“Goodfriday, 1613. Riding Westward,” 120, 200
“Hymne to God my God, in my Sicknessse,” 129, 210
“Indifferent, The,” 106–9
La Corona, 88
letters to Henry Goodyer, 34, 80, 91
“Litanie,” 90–92
“Nocturnall upon S. Lucies Day,” 201
poem for Somerset-Howard nuptials, 128
“Sunne Rising, The,” 172, 200
“Triple Foole,” 36, 151
“Twicknam Garden,” 201
“Womans Constancy,” 172
Dowland, Robert, Musicall Banquet, 163
drama: and collaboration, 181
and direction of address, 84–85
and song, 215–27. See also Shakespeare, William
dramatic monologue, 9–10, 66, 94, 208, 236–37
Drayton, Michael, 16, 42–43, 166, 174–75;
Barrons Wars, The, 165, 167
Idea, 87
dream visions, 203
Dresser, Christopher, 9–10
Duccio, 119
Dudock, W. R., 1
Duffin, Ross W., 278n85, 279n99
Duncan-Jones, Katharine, 180
Dunn, Leslie C., 215, 219, 222, 247n18, 277n72, 278n76, 278n81, 279n95
du Plessis, Rachel Blau, 38, 249n64, 250n81
“early modern period,” use of term, 7
Easthope, Anthony, 274n15
eclogues, in Sidney’s Arcadia, 213–14
effeminization of men, 12, 26, 43, 45–47, 49–50, 134, 214
Eisenstein, Elizabeth L., 158, 268n5
Eliot, George, Adam Bede, 275n43
Eliot, T. S., 66
Elliott, Robert C., 245n31
emasculation, in Herrick’s “Vision,” 51–53
embeddedness of lyric, 95, 127–28
emblem, 39, 119
Empson, William, 239, 281n19
enargia, 112–13
energia, 112–13
Englands Helicon, 37, 176, 181
“English Renaissance,” use of term, 7
Enterline, Lynn, 233, 246n10, 280n9
epitaphs, 139–41
Erlebnis, 4–5, 113–14
Etty, William, “Scene from Milton’s Comus,” 229–30
Eurydice, 20, 22
Evans, J. Martin, 145, 267n97
event, lyric as, 133
experimental poetry, 237–38. See also
Language Poets
farewell poems, 83, 87, 190
female reader, and voicing, 97
feminine, the, and the term “air,” 35
feminine agency, 95
Ferry, Anne, 5, 72–73, 123, 134, 244n21, 257n71, 261n135, 263n28
festaiuolo (master of revels), 60, 138–39
Fienberg, Nona Paula, 219, 278n82
Fisch, Harold, 243n13, 264n40
Fitzgerald, William, 8, 33, 245n35, 249n45, 252n6, 255n54
Fletcher, Giles, the Elder, Licia, 126, 129
flowers, lyric poems as, 37–38
Fool, in Shakespearean drama, 219–20
Forman, Simon, 162
fort-da, 98, 176
“fourth wall,” 65
Fowler, Alastair, 6, 245n31
Foxe, John, 121
frames and framing, 118–19, 131–34, 145. See also embeddedness of lyric
Freud, Sigmund, 221–22, 234
Frieden, Ken, 258n92
Friedman, John Block, 246n5
Friedman, Susan Stanford, 196, 198, 274n16, 274n23, 274n24
Fry, Paul H., 11, 150, 246n2, 267n104, 270n41
Frye, Northrop, 1, 6, 21, 27–28, 66–69, 199, 243n1, 244n29, 247n20, 254n29, 255n38, 275n30
Fumerton, Patricia, 258n84
furor, 17, 30–31
future tense, use of, 204–7
games, 133. See also fort-da
Gardner, Helen, 90–91
Gascoigne, George, 45, 117–18, 131, 166, 168–69;
Certayne Notes of Instruction, 167, 173;
Devises of Sundrie Gentlemen, 177, 202;
Hundreth Sundrie Flowres, 37, 102, 126–28, 165, 202, 208
“Lullabie,” 49, 129
gathering, 164–67
gender and gendering, 18, 25–26, 35, 38, 47–53, 95, 97, 134, 168, 197; fears concerning, 45–46. See also effeminization; masculinity; women
Genette, Gérard, 112, 132, 179, 253n17, 262n15, 271n58
genre, 117, 195, 214
Gentili, Bruno, 249n67, 250n68
Gerrig, Richard, 71
ghinnwa (Bedouin song), 7
Gilman, Ernest, 253n14
Goekjian, Gregory F., 267n98, 267n99
Goffman, Erving, 71, 133, 255n49, 266n74
Good Lyric and Evil Lyric, 21, 23, 32–33, 46–47, 76
Gower, John, Confessio Amantis, 24
Graham, Dan, 56
Graham, Jorie, 19
Greece, archaic, 40
Greenblatt, Stephen, 246n15
Greene, Roland, 16, 41, 44, 48, 59, 136, 152, 209, 220, 244n20, 246n1, 251n86, 253n11, 256n58, 257n73, 261n126, 263n22, 273n3, 278n87
Grossman, Allen, 116, 135, 255n40, 263n31
grouping of poems, 37–38, 157, 176–86
Guibbory, Achsah, 191, 257n79, 261n133, 273n6
Guillory, John, 230
guilt, 27, 29, 32, 74, 101–2, 123, 131, 230–31
Guthrie Theater, Minneapolis, 55, 81–82
Guyer, Sara, 71, 255n47
Hall, Joseph, 120
Halliday, Mark, 116, 255n40, 263n31
Halpern, Richard, 149, 267n96
Hamburger, Käte, 263n20
Hamlin, Hannibal, 256n57
Hammons, Pamela S., 63, 254n25
handshake metaphor, 5, 106
Hanson, Elizabeth, 272n75
Harman, Barbara Leah, 273n11
harmony, celestial, 36, 169–71
Hart, Jonathan, 67, 255n39
Harwood, Gwen, “Fido’s Paw is Bleeding,” 2
Hatoum, Mona, 124
Häublein, Ernst, 135, 166, 170, 266n78
headnotes, 124–26, 131, 137. See also Watson, Thomas
Heaney, Seamus, Electric Light, 128
Hedley, Jane, 191, 262n10, 273n5
heightening, 200–202, 207–8, 212–13
Henderson, Diana E., 216–19, 271n65, 278n73
Herbert, George, 88–89, 118
“Aaron,” 89
“Church-floore, The,” 89
“Collar, The,” 90, 94, 165, 189, 191–93, 199
“Dialogue,” 88
“Easter,” 31; “Obedience,” 81
Priest to the Temple, 89
Herman, David, 205, 276n48
Hernadi, Paul, 243n16
Herodotus, 47
Herrick, Robert: “Argument of his Book,” 33
“Fresh Cheese and Cream,” 88
Hesperides, 41, 177–78
“Lyrick for Legacies,” 41
“Ode of the Birth of our Saviour,” 36, 148–49
“Ode to Sir Clipsebie Crew,” 2
“To his Verses,” 93–94
“To Musick, A Song,” 25
“To Robin Red-brest,” 100
“To the King,” 28
“Vision,” 12, 51–53, 203
Hirsch, Edward, 19
Hirsch, James, 217, 258n92, 278n78
historicizing of lyric, 210
Hollander, John, 31–32, 36, 50, 130, 134, 175–76, 248n36, 248n40, 256n60, 264n39, 265n65, 270n47
homoeroticism, in Orpheus myth, 22–23
Hooker, Richard, 121
Hopkins, Brooke, 111, 262n14
Hughes, Langston, “Little Lyric (Of Great Importance),” 2
Hughes
, Ted, Birthday Letters, 235
Hutcheon, Linda, 241, 281n24
Huth, Kimberly, 253n14
hybridity, 109, 194
Hyman, Wendy, 249n63
Hymen, 22
hymn, 32; in Marvell’s “Bermudas,” 142–43. See also psalms
identificatory voiceability, 94–102, 236
and Shakespeare’s Sonnet 35, 103–5
immediacy: and distance, 139, 150–55
in Donne’s “The Indifferent,” 106–9
in Marvell’s “Bermudas,” 142–45
methodological problems, 109–17
in Milton’s Nativity Ode, 145–50
in Wroth’s Pamphilia, 141–42
immortalization, promise of, 38
infant mortality, 35
inscription, 38, 58; as ending, 100–101
and permanence, 139–41, 165
as product, 153–55
interaction, lyric of, 89
interplay: of narrative and lyric, 189–94, 196–215
of songs and plays, 215–27
interruption, of solitary speech, 82
introductory poem, as mediating device, 126
irony, 28, 97–98
Jackson, Virginia, 65, 252n6, 254n31, 254n32
Johns, Adrian, 158, 268n6
Johnson, Barbara, 28, 247n22
Johnson, Paula, 248n36, 266n80
Johnson, W. R., 4, 66, 115, 243n14, 255n35, 263n26
Jonson, Ben, 118, 131; “Celebration of Charis in Ten Lyrick Peeces,” 41, 61, 72–74, 86, 101, 203
Forest, 178
Irish Masque, 210
“To the Immortall Memorie, and Friendship …,” 28, 171–72
Jorgens, Elise Bickford, 248n36
judgment, and distance, 131–32
Kalas, Rayna, 118, 133, 264n38, 264n42
Kalstone, David, 179, 214, 271n55, 277n67
Kaske, Carol, 256n58
Kastan, David, 161, 269n13
Kaufman, Robert, 188, 196, 201, 254n33, 273n82, 274n15, 275n37
Keats, John, “This living hand, now warm and capable,” 110–11
“keepsakes,” 157
Keniston, Anne, 252n6
Kensinger, Kenneth, 79, 257n72
keying, 133, 138
Klause, John, 267n95
Kuipers, Joel, 117, 263n34
Langbaum, Robert, 281n16
Language Poets, 5, 115
Lanyer, Aemelia, “Description of Cooke-ham,” 93
Lawes, Henry, Ariadne, 84
Lefebvre, Henri, 265n52
Lerer, Seth, 157, 268n1
letter, lyric as, 62
Lever, J. W., 245n38
Lewalski, Barbara K., 120, 256n58, 264n45
Lewin, Jennifer, 276n53
Lewis, C. Day, 5, 244n24
Liber Lilliati, 162–63
Lindheim, Nancy, 230, 280n7
Lindley, David, 11, 31, 244n28, 245n42, 248n35, 250n74
Lipking, Lawrence, 111, 262n12
Lodge, Thomas: Phillis, 173; Rosalynde, 211
Loewenstein, Joseph, 159, 256n56, 268n10
Long, John H., 277n72, 278n81
Love, Harold, 158, 183, 185, 260n123, 268n3, 272n71
Lovelace, Richard, 199
The Challenges of Orpheus Page 43