Ulrichs, Karl Heinrich, itr.1, 1.1, 2.1, epl.1
Association of German Jurists, and the, 1.1, 1.2
campaign for legal reform, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6
Dioning, definition, 1.1, 1.2
education
family background
Italy, residency
Kertbeny, and
Krafft-Ebing, and, 1.1, 3.1
Numa Numantius as pseudonym, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3
pamphlets, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5
distribution and influence, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3
re-publication, 1.1, 3.1
Urning, itr.1, 1.1, 1.2
definition, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3
Valentino, Rudolph
Vanselow, Karl
Veidt, Conrad
Virchow, Rudolf, 1.1, 2.1, 3.1
Wandervogel
see also Lebensreform Bewegung
Alt-Wandervogel, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3
origins
antifeminism, and, 5.1
anti-Semitism, and
Blüher, Hans, and, 5.1, 5.2
definition
diffusion
Führer principal, and
homosexuality, and, 5.1, 5.2
Jung-Wandervogel
Männerbund
Neu-Wandervogel, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3
participation of girls, and
Steglitz-Wandervogel
Wanderschwestern (Association of Hiking Sisters)
Waugh, Evelyn
Wedekind, Frank, 3.1, 5.1, 6.1
Weil, Arthur
Werfel, Franz
Westphal, Carl, itr.1, 1.1, 3.1
Whitman, Walt
Wilde, Oscar, 2.1, 3.1, 3.2, 7.1, epl.1
Wildenbruch, Ernst von
Wille, Bruno, 3.1, 3.2
William II, Emperor of Germany (Kaiser), 2.1, 2.2, 8.1
Winckelmann, Johann
Witkowski, Felix Ernst, see Harden, Maximilian
Wood, Grant
World League for Sexual Reform, 6.1, 6.2
World War I, influence on homosexual identity
Worsley, T. C.
youth movement, see Lebensreform Bewegung
Zastrow, Carl von, 1.1, 2.1
Zionism, see also Herzl, Theodor
Zukunft, Die, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3
Zweig, Stefan
A NOTE ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Robert Beachy was trained as a German historian at the University of Chicago, where he received his PhD in 1998. He is presently associate professor of history at Underwood International College of Yonsei University in Seoul, South Korea.
Portrait of Hirschfeld in France from 1934
Adolf Brand
Both photos: Schwules Museum, Berlin
Picture postcard of Mikado (Puttkamerstr. 15), which was opened from 1908 until 1933
Schwules Museum, Berlin
Photo portrait of Hermann Freiherr von Teschenberg (1860–1911), active member of the Scientific Humanitarian Committee who published the first German translations of several of Oscar Wilde’s plays
Magnus Hirschfeld, Geschlechtskunde, 5 vols. (1926–1930), 5: 642
Picture postcard of Zauberflöte (Kommandantenstr. 72), which was a popular café and dancing venue for homosexuals and lesbians before the First World War
Schwules Museum, Berlin
Picture postcard of Dresdener Casino (Dresdener Str. 96), a popular venue for transverstite balls in the prewar period
Schwules Museum, Berlin
Graf Kuno von Moltke depicted as Dorian Gray: When Moltke examines his own portrait, he is mortified to discover a youthful Maximilian Harden, his nemesis. Oscar Wilde’s novel had been published in German translation only in 1902.
Lustige Blätter (Berlin), 22, 28 (9 July 1907): 1
“Greetings from the Scientific Humanitarian Committee.” Hirschfeld in a tutu, with his signed greeting: “Long live Science! Always Your Dr. Magnus Hirschfeld.”
Simplicissimus (Munich) 13, 1 (6 April 1908): 5
A typical Berlin Pissoir (now used by a fast-food vendor), located under U-Bahn Line number one
Photo by author
“Transvestite Pass” allowing Berthe Buttgereit to appear in public wearing men’s clothing, issued May 3, 1918
Landesarchiv Berlin, A Rep. 341-04 Nr 1087
Film still from Anders als die Andern (Different from the Others) showing the protagonist confronting his would-be blackmailer
Magnus Hirschfeld, Geschlechtskunde, 5 vols. (1926–1930), 5: 644
View of the main villa of the Institute for Sexual Science
Schwules Museum, Berlin
The museum in the Institute for Sexual Science
Voila 3, 145 (30 December 1933): 11
Karl Giese (Magnus Hirschfeld’s lover) giving visitors to the Institute for Sexual Science a tour of the museum
Schwules Museum, Berlin
Hirschfeld sitting with two transvestites outside the villa of the Institute for Sexual Science
Voila 3, 119 (1 July 1933): 6
Newsstand at Potsdamerplatz, displaying prominently the gay newspapers (center of photo) Die Insel, Die Freundschaft, Freundschaftsblatt, and Eros (1926)
Landesarchiv Berlin, A Pr. Br. Rep. 030, No. 16935-1
Newsstand at Friedrichstraße Train Station with the gay newspaper Die Freundschaft and the lesbian journal Frauen Liebe displayed openly for sale (1926)
Landesarchiv Berlin, A. Pr. Br. Rep. 030, No. 16935-2
Bookshop of the Friedrich-Radszuweit Verlag. From Die Insel, October 1927, first page after p. 28. Published by Friedrich Radszuweit.
“Preisfrage / Homo- oder Heterosexuell” (Contest / Homosexual or Heterosexual)
Free magazine subscriptions for correctly identifying the sexual orientation of the men and women depicted in the photos. From Die Insel, September 1926, first page after p. 16. Published by Friedrich Radszuweit.
Cover illustration of Frauen Liebe und Leben (Women’s Love and Life), 3, 1928. Published by Freiderich Radszuweit.
All photos: German National Library, Leipzig
Cover of Die Insel, December 1930, advertising serialized installment of Männer zu verkaufen (Men for Sale). Published by Friedrich Radszuweit.
Cover of Garçonne—Junggesellin (Flapper—Bachelorette), no. 4, December 1, 1930. Published by Friedrich Radszuweit.
Advertisements in Die Freund-schaft, including a medical doctor specializing in “sexual disturbances,” the Pinkerton Private Detective Agency (offering to investigate blackmail threats), and a gay- and lesbian-friendly tobacconist
All photos: German National Library, Leipzig
Hansi Sturm, winner of the Miss Eldorado transvestite pageant in 1926
Schwules Museum, Berlin
Advertisement for Eldorado in the mainstream cultural journal Queerschnitt: “What you won’t see elsewhere / International clientele / The interesting locale”
Queerschnitt, March 1932
Photo of transvestites in Eldorado, from the early 1930s
Voila 3, 119 (1 July 1933): 6
Berlin gay bar Marienkasino with transvestite prostitutes
Magnus Hirschfeld, Geschlechtskunde, 5 vols. (1926–1930), 5: 590
Picture postcard of the gay club Silhouette, which was popular in the late 1920s and early 1930s
Schwules Museum, Berlin
W. H. Auden, Stephen Spender, and Christopher Isherwood, on vacation at the North Sea on the Island of Rügen, summer 1931
Huntington Library, CI, Box 92, 3113, p. 34
Christopher Isherwood posing with his boyfriend “Otto” (name unknown but the inspiration for Otto Nowak in Goodbye to Berlin) in the Tiergarten (Berlin), autumn 1931
Huntington Library, CI (Christopher Isherwood), Box 92, 3113, p. 6
Christopher Isherwood’s boyfriend “Otto” sunbathing on the Island of Rügen, summer 1931
Huntington Library, CI, Box 92, 3115, p. 39
Christopher Isherwood’s working-class “friends,” who were likel
y habitués of the Cosy Corner and occasional prostitutes
Huntington Library, CI, Box 92, 3113, p. 27
Police mugshots of Berlin prostitute Johann Scheff, arrested July 1932
Landesarchiv Berlin, A Rep. 358-05 Nr 56643
Nazi officials sort “un-German” and “perverted” materials in the debris of the Institute for Sexual Science, ransacked on May 6, 1933, for the book burning four days later on May 10 (undated photo, May 6–10, 1933).
Bildagentur für Kunst, Kultur und Geschichte (Berlin)
Hirschfeld and Giese together in France
Schwules Museum, Berlin
Hirschfeld in exile in France sometime after spring 1933
Voila 3, 145 (30 December 1933): 11
Gay Berlin Page 41