by David Laskin
Avedon, Richard, 314
Babel, Isaac, 45, 119
Baker, Josephine, 117
Balfour, Arthur James, 111–12
Balfour Declaration, 111–12
Barewitz, Harry, 61
Baruch, Bernard, 112
Battle of Britain, 227
Beautiful and Damned, The (Fitzgerald), 117
Bellow, Saul, 6
Belzec camp, 273
Ben-Gurion, David, 123, 140
Ben Yehuda, 180
Berlin, Rabbi Naftali Zvi Yehudah, 15
Betar youth movement, 143, 154
Beth David Anshei Rakov, 59
Beyle (Shimon Dov’s wife), 36
Bialik, Hayyim, 14, 31–32
Bissett, Enid, 114–15, 116, 117, 118, 131, 133, 138, 152
Bissett, Joe, 117–18, 133, 138, 152
Black Hundreds (tsarist group), 44–45, 48
“Bloody Sunday,” 40–41
Boguslav, Isidor, 149
Bolshevism and Bolsheviks, 91–92, 97, 98, 171
Black Monday, 145, 146
Botwinik, Esther, 191, 199, 202
Botwinik, Hayim Yehoshua, 191, 192, 195, 196–97, 199, 202, 206
Brassiere Workers Union, 263
Brest-Litovsk, treaty of, 97
British Mandate in Palestine, 176, 177, 184–85, 268–69, 312–13
Bund socialist workers’ party, 33–35, 38, 41–42, 44, 45
Burke, Billie, 117
Cahan, Abe, 74
Chadman, Chana, 55
Chadman, Sam, 55
Chekhov, Anton, 156, 194
Chelmno extermination camp, 272–73
Churchill, Winston, 227, 283
Cohen, Abraham (Avram Akiva), 11, 23–25, 29, 35, 42, 45, 46–47, 51, 78, 84–85, 88, 139, 148, 151, 173, 174, 199, 202, 204, 221, 222–23, 225, 260, 283, 327
A. Cohen & Sons and, 66–67, 130–31, 224
emigration to America of, 49–51
in Manhattan, 57–60, 61, 66–67, 68
in Rakov, 20–22
in Volozhin, 14–16
Cohen, Anna (Chana), 49, 55, 61, 84
Cohen, Anna Raskin, 90, 95, 101, 109, 131, 149, 151, 319–20
Cohen, Bernard, 139
Cohen, Celia Zimmerman, 89, 131
Cohen, David, 139
Cohen, Dorothy, 95, 139, 271, 282
Cohen, Ethel (Ettel), 28, 29, 49, 50, 55, 56, 57, 61, 139, 151, 173, 226, 260, 261, 278, 325
Cohen, Gary, 322
Cohen, Gladys, 2, 139, 151, 204, 282, 322, 325, 326
Cohen, Harry (Hersch), 45–46, 48, 49, 55, 61, 78, 84, 88–89, 90, 92, 131, 151, 226, 260, 271, 278, 318, 325
in family business, 64–65, 66, 67, 68, 75, 93, 130, 142–43, 146, 281
Cohen, Hyman (Chaim Jasef), 37, 45–48, 49, 50, 55, 61, 65, 66, 75, 78, 86, 88, 89, 90–91, 92–94, 131, 132, 145, 149, 151, 180, 225, 260, 271, 317, 322, 325
as American soldier, 94–96, 101–110, 279
in family business, 67, 68, 69, 130, 142–43, 146, 281, 282, 318
in Palestine, 319–20
Cohen, Inda, 139
Cohen, Leah, 134–35, 137
Cohen, Leona, 139, 282, 325
Cohen, Lester, 139, 282
Cohen, Lillie (Leie), 55, 61, 151, 325
Cohen, Marvin, 131, 139, 282, 319
Cohen, Melvin, 318–19
Cohen, Sallie, 131, 151
Cohen, Sam (Shmuel), 2–3, 45, 47, 49, 55, 61–2, 89, 90, 131, 139, 151, 173, 204, 223, 224, 260, 271, 278, 282–83, 322
Americanization of, 69
in family business, 65–69, 75, 130, 142–43, 145–46, 281–83, 318–19
memories of, 325, 326, 330
Cohen, Sarah (Gishe Sore), 21–22, 23–24, 26–27, 28, 29, 35, 42, 84, 88, 110, 139, 148, 151, 194, 199, 204, 234
emigration to America of, 49–51
in Manhattan, 52–55, 57, 58, 60–62
Cohen, Sidney, 95, 139, 282, 302
Cohen, Yizhak, 134–35, 137
Cohen-Hatfield Industries, 322
Cohn, Ethel (Joseph Cohn’s wife), 29
Cohn, Herman, 22, 29, 78 206, 278 279
Cohn, Joseph (Yasef Bear), 22, 29, 56, 78, 278, 279
Cohn, Leonard, 278–79, 289–90, 291, 317
Cohn, Rachel (Joseph and Ethel Cohn’s daughter), 29
Cohn, Sarah (Joseph and Ethel Cohn’s daughter), 29
Columbia College, 138, 147
Consolidated Gas Company, 145, 146, 150
Cooper, James Fenimore, 37
Cozzolina, Miss (Inspector Kaba’s colleague), 200
Crosby, Bing, 314
Dachau concentration camp, 185
“Days of Freedom,” 44, 48
Dead Sea Scrolls, 9
Debs, Eugene, 72, 263
Depression, Great, 146, 147–53, 187
Dos Passos, John, 7
Dostoyevsky, Fyodor, 37
Druskininkai mineral baths, 208–9
Dubinsky, David, 262, 263
Duma, 48
Educational Alliance, 66
Eidelman, Hillel, 310–11
Einstein, Albert, 203
Enid Frocks, Inc., 114–16, 145
Enid Manufacturing Company, 132–33, 138
Epstein, Sam, 139, 173, 226
Ethical Culture Society, 148, 188
Etl (Chaim’s beloved), 129–30
Etz Chaim Anshei Volozhin, 59
Fayve (tailor), 77
Feller, Joe, 133
Feytzeh (Sonia’s travel companion), 168–69
Fibe family, 55
Filbert, Albert, 245
Fillius, Mary, 314
“Final Solution,” 272–73
Finger, Chana HaKohen, 191, 233, 279
Finger, Meir, 191, 233, 280
Finkel, Uri, 265
First Agricultural School for Women, 163, 164
“First Call, The” (Kovner), 288
Fitzgerald, F. Scott, 117
Fitzgerald, Zelda, 117
Foehrenwald DP camp, 315, 316
Ford, Henry, 134
“For Future Generations” (Kruk), 309
Fortune magazine, 314
FPO (Fareynegte Partizaner Organizatsye-United Partisan Organization), 288–89, 291, 295
Frank, Anne, 253–54
Franz Ferdinand, Archduke, 76
Gapon, Father, 38, 40
Garber, Jacob, 270
Garden Cafeteria, 66
garment industry, 63–64
Gelbschein Aktion, 285
Gelperin, Gisri (Gladys), 131
General Stuart (ship), 316
Gens, Jacob, 288–89, 291, 292, 293
Genth, Wilhelm, 301
German Afrika Korps, 236, 289
Gershwin, George, 117
Gershwin, Ira, 117
Gestapo, 291–92, 293, 294
Ghetto Fighters’ Kibbutz, 328
Gill, Robert S., 107
Glucksman, Fred, 225
Goebbels, Joseph, 196
Goldfogle, Henry M., 73
Goldschmid, Mendl, 233–34
Goldstein, Doba Beyle (Dobaleh), 236–37, 239, 267, 273
Goldstein, Khost, 190, 197, 198, 209, 210, 212, 228–29, 230, 232, 234, 240, 241, 248–49, 264, 270, 273
Goldstein, Miriam (Mireleh), 190, 197, 198, 209, 229–30, 234, 237, 239, 267, 273–74, 275
Gordon, A. D., 144
Gordon, Isidore, 55
Grant, Madison, 94
Great Depression, 146, 147–53, 187
Greenberg, Abe, 55
Greenberg, Goldie, 5
5
Greenholtz, Nachum, 274–75
Grynszpan, Herschel, 196
Gumplowicz, Ludwig, 140
Haganah (defense), 141–42, 143, 145, 182, 184, 268
HaKohen, Arie (Shimon Dov’s son), 29, 47, 50, 78, 118, 119
HaKohen, Avram Akiva, see Cohen, Abraham
HaKohen, Beyle Botwinik, see Kaganovich, Beyle
HaKohen, Chaim (Shimon Dov’s father), 13–14, 47
HaKohen, Chaim (Arie’s son), see Kaganovich, Chaim
HaKohen, Chaim Yasef, see Cohen, Hyman
HaKohen, Chana, see Cohen, Anna
HaKohen, Chana, see Finger, Chana HaKohen
HaKohen, Doba, see Kaganovich, Doba
HaKohen, Ettel, see Kaganovich, Ettel
HaKohen, Gishe Sore Kagan, see Cohen, Sarah
HaKohen, Henia, 191, 280
HaKohen, Herman, see Cohn, Herman
HaKohen, Hersch, see Cohen, Harry
HaKohen, Itel, see Rosenthal, Ida
HaKohen, Itka, 23
HaKohen, Leah (Arie’s wife), 47, 119, 279
HaKohen, Leah Golda, see Kaganovich, Leah Golda
HaKohen, Leah (Leahleh, Chaim and Sonia’s daughter), see Kaganovich, Leah
HaKohen, Leah (Yishayahu’s daughter), 191
HaKohen, Shimon Dov, 29, 36, 47, 85, 95, 110, 112, 139, 205, 226, 271, 278, 308, 324, 325, 328–29
in Volozhin, 9–11, 13–14, 16, 17–18, 50
and World War I, 76–84
HaKohen, Yasef Bear, see Cohn, Joseph
HaKohen, Yishayahu (Chaim’s brother), 47, 78, 119, 191, 233, 234, 240, 270, 271, 279, 280, 328
Hall, Adelaide, 117
halutzim (pioneers), 120–21, 122, 127, 130, 140, 141, 161, 169, 170, 171, 213
Hamilton, Alexander, 113
Hammer, Masha, 132, 133, 137–38, 150
Hammerstein, Oscar, II, 117
Har Kinneret settlement, 127–30, 134, 327
Harper’s Bazaar, 138
Hasidism, 120
Hayyim the Volozhiner, see Yitzhak, Chaim ben
Hebrew Institute of University Heights, 139, 222, 225
HeHalutz (The Pioneer), 120, 182, 288
Heller, Ferlé, 114, 115
Helprin, Rabbi Israel, 188, 190
Herzl, Theodore, 120, 136, 140
Herzliya colony, 136–37, 139–40, 141, 144, 145, 155, 157, 161–64
Heydrich, Reinhard, 273
Hillquit, Morris, 73
Himmler, Heinrich, 245
Hinda (Ruth’s relative), 159, 161
Hingst, Hans, 255–56
Hitler, Adolf, 168, 161, 185–86, 210, 220, 223, 236, 239, 245, 283, 305, 310, 328
and “Final Solution,” 272–73
Hlond, August (Cardinal), 189
Holocaust (Shoah), 3–4, 6, 317, 323, 324, 326, 328, 329
Horn, George, 133
Horowitz, Israel, 263
Hovevei Zion, 23
Immigration and Naturalization Service, U.S., 312
International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union (ILGWU), 262–63
International Women’s Day, 85
“In the City of Slaughter” (Bialik), 31–32
Irgun (Zionist group), 312
Jabotinsky, Ze’ev, 141, 143, 154, 155, 156, 161, 184
Jerusalem, 143–44, 185, 313
Jewish Agency, 268
Jewish Club, 260
Jewish Daily Forward, 58, 66, 73–74, 87, 213
Jewish Historical Commission of Odessa, 31
Jewish Legion, 141
Jewish National Fund, 60, 170, 176–77
Jewish socialism in America, 73–75
Joe (Lillie’s husband), 151
Judenrat (Jewish councils), 251–52, 269–70, 272, 291
Kaba, Inspector, 200
Kaganovich, Avram Akiva, see Cohen, Abraham
Kaganovich, Amir, see Kahanovitz, Amir
Kaganovich, Arie (Areleh, Arik, Chaim and Sonia’s son), 214, 215, 277, 304, 318, 321, 323, 324
Kaganovich, Benny, 317–18, 319, 321, 323–24, 326–29, 330
Kaganovich, Beyle (Shalom Tvi’s wife), 3, 25–27, 43, 50, 56, 60, 64, 83, 155, 156, 165, 172, 174, 188, 190, 191, 197, 198, 223, 229, 232, 235, 296, 324
at Druskininkai, 208–9
World War I and, 81–82, 97–99
World War II and, 236, 237, 266, 270, 273, 275
Kaganovich, Chaim (Sonia’s husband), 2-3, 5-6, 78, 112, 118–21, 184, 191, 268, 269, 271, 279, 288, 319, 320, 324
and Haganah, 141–42, 144, 145
at Har Kinneret, 127–30
Hebrew spoken by, 179–80
at Herzliya colony, 139–40, 155, 161–63, 164, 171
immigrant smuggling campaign joined by, 181–82, 185
at Kfar Vitkin, 178–79, 180–81, 205, 215, 231, 277, 313, 317–18
at Kinneret Colony, 125–27, 134–36
malaria contracted by, 135–36
memories of, 325, 326, 327
and Sonia Kaganovich, 169–70, 171–73, 174–75
voyage to Palestine, 121–25
Kaganovich, Chaim Yasef, see Cohen, Hyman
Kaganovich, Chana, see Cohen, Anna
Kaganovich, Doba (Shalom Tvi’s daughter), 43, 137, 155, 157, 165, 166, 167, 192–95, 196–98, 210, 212, 215, 271, 323, 324, 327, 328
childhood of, 50, 60, 97–98
at Druskininkai, 208–9
under German occupation, 240–42, 252–53, 256–58, 285–86, 293–96
letters to family from, 217–20
under Soviet occupation, 228, 229, 231, 232, 234, 235, 236, 237
Kaganovich, Etl (Shalom Tvi’s daughter), 157, 160, 165–66, 167–68, 171, 174, 192, 194, 197, 198, 205, 209, 210, 228, 232, 236–37, 323, 324, 328
childhood of, 50, 60, 97–98, 323
quarrels with sister Doba, 155, 156, 190–91
under German occupation, 239, 241, 250, 251–52, 264–65, 266, 267, 271, 272
under Soviet occupation, 229–30, 232
Kaganovich, Ettel, see Cohen, Ethel
Kaganovich, Feigele, 78, 82, 165, 323
Kaganovich, Herman, see Cohn, Herman
Kaganovich, Hersch, see Cohen, Harry
Kaganovich, Itel, see Rosenthal, Ida
Kaganovich, Lazar, 1, 2, 4, 326
Kaganovich, Leah (Leahleh, Chaim and Sonia’s daughter), 172, 182, 186, 190, 191, 192, 193, 215, 230, 277, 304, 318, 326
Kaganovich, Leah Golda, 29, 78, 283, 317
Kaganovich, Leie, see Cohen, Lillie
Kaganovich, Orna, 326
Kaganovich, Rotem, 323-24, 326, 328
Kaganovich, Shalom Tvi, 3, 6, 20, 25–26, 36, 42–43, 50, 60, 64, 78, 80–81, 82–84, 154, 155, 156, 188, 190, 192, 197, 198
in America, 199–207, 208, 221–23, 226–27, 230–31, 232, 261–62, 276–78, 282–84, 296, 317
German occupation and, 97–99
letters to family from, 160, 162, 164, 166–67, 168, 169, 201–2, 206–7, 214, 221, 227, 230–31, 241, 248, 249, 261, 267–68, 276–77, 303–4, 310, 311, 321
in Palestine, 311–12, 318, 319, 320, 321
Kaganovich, Shimon (Chaim and Sonia’s son), see Kahanovitz, Shimon
Kaganovich, Shmuel, see Cohen, Sam
Kaganovich, Shula, 43
Kaganovich, Sonia, 2, 3, 5-6, 26, 60, 78, 82, 97–98, 99–101, 112, 186, 214, 266, 268, 269, 271, 288, 310–11, 321–22, 323–24
aliyah planned by, 154–60
and Chaim Kaganovich, 169–70, 171–73, 174–75
family visits in Rakov and Vilna, 189–95
Hebrew spoken by, 179–80
at Herzliya, 161–64, 165,
167–69
immigrant smuggling campaign joined by, 181–82, 185
at Kfar Vitkin, 178–79, 180–81, 205, 215, 228, 231, 277–78, 303–4, 313, 317–18, 319, 320
memories of, 325, 326, 327, 328
Kaganovich and Rubilnik Leather Goods, 26
Kahanovitz, Amir, 328
Kahanovitz, Chaim, see Kaganovich, Chaim
Kahanovitz, Shimon, 2, 312, 313-14, 318, 325-29, 330
Kahanovitz, Sonia, see Kaganovich, Sonia
Kahanowicz, Bella,(Shalom Tvi’s wife), see Kaganovich, Beyle
Kaiserwold labor camp, 295
Kalmanovitch, Rabbi, 82
Kasserine Pass, Battle of, 289–90
Kerensky, Alexander, 91, 119
Kern, Jerome, 117
Kestlikh (Soviet administrator), 235
Kfar Vitkin, 170–71, 172, 173, 175, 177–79, 180–81, 183, 189, 194, 195, 205, 215, 231, 236, 266, 277, 303, 312, 314, 318, 319, 324, 327
Kienzle Clock Company, 65, 67, 86
Kinneret Colony noncollective, 125–27, 134–36, 184, 319
Kishinev anti-Jewish riots, 30–32
Kittel, Bruno, 293, 297
Klooga concentration camp, 297–302, 304–8, 310, 311, 328, 329
Koestler, Arthur, 124
Kost, Esther, 315
Kost, Estelle, 316
Kost, Shoshanna Buckerman, 316
Kost, Zelig, 92, 315–17
Kotowski, Stella, 138
Kovner, Abba, 288, 292
Kristallnacht, 195, 196
Kruk, Herman, 242–43, 244, 255–56, 287, 291, 295, 299, 300, 304, 309
Ku Klux Klan, 146
kvutza (small collective), 127
Laskin, David, 1–7, 325–30
Laskin, Emily, 326, 327, 328
Laskin, Meyer, 319, 322–23, 325
Leary, D. H., 90
Lemlich, Clara, 73
Lenin, Vladimir, 91–92, 97, 119, 122
Levi, Primo, 6, 294
London, Jack, 72
London, Meyer, 73
Lower East Side, New York City, 52–62, 64, 66, 67, 68, 72
Lukiszki Prison, 256, 258
MacMichael, Harold, 269
Madison Square Garden, 87
Magee, Inspector, 200
Maidenform Bra Company (originally Maiden Form Bra Company), 1, 2, 5, 116–18, 132, 133–34, 137–38, 147, 150, 152, 153, 187, 188, 203, 205, 223, 259, 280–81, 302–3, 316, 321
Dream Campaign, 5, 314
workers’ strike at, 262–63
Majdanek camp, 273
malaria, 135–36
Mann, Thomas, 203
Marie (Czech maid), 138
Marine Carp (ship), 312
Marisha (Doba’s friend), 216
McAndrews & Forbes Company, 322–23
Meisel, Chana, 163, 164