by Lucy O'Brien
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Guilbert, Georges-Claude. Madonna as Postmodern Myth. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Co., 2002.
Hackett, Pat, ed. The Andy Warhol Diaries. New York and Boston: Warner Books, 1989.
Hoban, Phoebe. Basquiat: A Quick Killing in Art. New York: Viking Penguin, 2004.
hooks, bell. Black Looks: Race and Representation. London: Turnaround, 1992.
Jowitt, Deborah. Time and the Dancing Image. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1988.
Kelly, Richard T.. Sean Penn: His Life and Times. New York: Cannongate, 2004.
Koestenbaum, Wayne. Andy Warhol. London: Phoenix, 2001.
Lancaster, Brian L. The Essence of Kabbalah. Royston, Hertsfordshire, England: Eagle Editions, 2006.
Lloyd, Fran, ed. Deconstructing Madonna. London: BT Batsford Ltd., 1993.
Maripolarama: Polaroids by Maripol. New York: powerHouse Books, 2005.
Maine, Margot. Father Hunger: Fathers, Daughters and the Pursuit of Thinness. Carlsbad, California: Gurze Books, 2004.
McBrien, Richard P. Catholicism, 3rd ed. London: Geoffrey Chapman, 1994.
Morton, Andrew. Madonna. London: Michael O’Mara, 2001.
O’Toole, James, ed. Habits of Devotion: Catholic Religious Practice in Twentieth-century America. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, 2004.
O’Brien, Lucy. She Bop I & II. London and New York: Penguin, 1995 and Continuum, 2002.
Paglia, Camille. Sex, Art, and American Culture. London and New York: Viking, 1992.
Reddington, Helen. The Lost Women of Rock Music: Women Musicians of the Punk Era. London: Ashgate Press, 2007.
Robertson, Pamela. Guilty Pleasures: Feminist Camp from Mae West to Madonna. Durham, North Carolina, and London: Duke University Press, 1996.
Santiago, Fouz-Hernandez, and Ivens, Jarman. Madonna’s Drowned Worlds: New Approaches to Her Cultural Transformations, 1983–2003. London: Ashgate, 2004.
Shapiro, Peter. Turn the Beat Around: The Secret History of Disco. London: Faber & Faber, 2005.
Swichtenberg, Cathy. The Madonna Connection: Representational Politics, Subcultural Identities, and Cultural Theory. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, 1993.
Taraborrelli, J. Randy. Madonna: An Intimate Biography. London: Sidgwick & Jackson, 2001.
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Thompson, Douglas. Madonna: Queen of the World. London: John Blake, 2001.
Turner, Kay, ed. I Dream of Madonna. London: Thames & Hudson, 1993.
Zollo, Paul. Songwriters on Songwriting. Cincinnati: Da Capo Press, 2003.
DISCOGRAPHY
Singles 7” (UK and US; on vinyl, cassette, and CD)
*from 1982–1992, all issued on the Sire label (except where indicated)
1982
“Everybody” (3.19 Remix)/ (4.42 Dub)
1983
“Holiday” (Edit)/ “I Know It”
“Holiday”/“Think of Me”
1984
“Borderline”/“Think of Me”
“Borderline”/“Holiday” (U.S.: back-to-back hits)
“Borderline” (Edit)/“Physical Attraction”
“Lucky Star” (Edit)/“I Know It” (LP )
“Borderline” (Edit)/“Physical Attraction” and “Holiday” (Edit)/“Think of Me”
“Like a Virgin”/“Stay”
“Like a Virgin”/“Lucky Star” (U.S.: back-to-back hits)
1985
“Material Girl”/“Pretender”
“Crazy for You”/“No More Words” (Geffen label; B-side by Berlin)
“Crazy for You”/“Gambler” (U.S.: back-to-back hits)
“Crazy for You”/“I’ll Fall in Love Again” (B-side by Sammy Hagen)
“Angel” (Remix)/ (Edit)
“Angel”/“Material Girl” (U.S.: back-to-back hits)
“Angel” (Fade)/“Burning Up” (Remix)
“Dress You Up”/“Shoo-Bee-Doo”
“Dress You Up”/“I Know It”
“Into the Groove” (U.S.: back-to-back hits)
“Into the Groove” /“Shoo-Bee-Doo”
“Gambler”/“Nature of the Beach” (B-side by Black n’ Blue)
1986
“Papa Don’t Preach” (LP )/“Pretender”
“Everybody”/“Papa Don’t Preach” (U.S.: back-to-back hits)
“Papa Don’t Preach” (LP )/“Ain’t No Big Deal”
“True Blue”/“Ain’t No Big Deal”
“True Blue” (Remix)/“Holiday” (Edit)
“Open Your Heart”/“White Heat”
“Open Your Heart”/“Lucky Star”
“Holiday”/“True Blue”
“Live to Tell” (Edit)/(Instr.)
“Live to Tell”/“True Blue” (U.S.: back-to-back hits)
1987
“La Isla Bonita” (LP )/(Instr. remix)
“La Isla Bonita”/“Open Your Heart” (U.S.: back-to-back hits)
“Who’s That Girl”/“White Heat”
“Causing a Commotion”/“Jimmy Jimmy”
“Causing a Commotion”/“Who’s That Girl” (U.S.: back-to-back hits)
“The Look of Love”/“I Know It”
1989
“Like a Prayer” (7-inch)/“Act of Contrition”
“Like a Prayer” (7-inch)/“Oh Father” (Edit) (U.S.: back-to-back hits)
“Express Yourself” (7-inch remix)/“The Look of Love” (LP )
“Cherish” (7-inch)/“Supernatural”
“Cherish” (Fade)/“Express Yourself” (7-inch remix) (U.S.: back-to-back hits)
“Oh Father”/“Pray for Spanish Eyes” (LP)
“Dear Jessie”/“Till Death Do Us Part”
“Like a Prayer” (7-inch)/(7-inch Fade)
“Keep It Together” (Single remix)/(Instr.)
1990
“Vogue” (Single)/“Bette Davis Dub”
“Vogue” (Single)/“Keep It Together” (Single remix)
“Vogue”/“Keep It Together” (U.S.: back-to-back hits)
“Hanky Panky” (LP)/“More” (LP)
“Justify My Love”/“Express Yourself” (Shep’s ’Spressin’ Himself Re-Remix)
“Justify My Love”/ (U.S.: back-to-back hits)
1991
“Rescue Me” (Single)/ (Alt. Single Mix)
“Rescue Me” (7-inch mix)/“Spotlight” (LP)
“Crazy for You” (Remix)/“Keep It Together” (7-inch remix)
“This Used to Be My Playground” (Single)/(Long)
“This Used to Be My Playground” (Single)/“Hanky Panky” (U.S.: back-to-back hits)
1992
*ALL SINGLES ISSUED FROM 1992 TO 2005 ON MAVERICK/SIRE LABEL
“Erotica” (LP)/(Instr.)
“Deeper and Deeper” (LP)/(Instr.)
“I’ll Remember” (LP)/“Secret Garden” (LP)
1993
“Bad Girl” (Edit)/“Fever”
“Bad Girl” (Edit)/“Erotica” (William Orbit Dub)
“Rain” (Radio Remix)/“Waiting” (LP)
“Rain” (Remix)/“Open Your Heart” (LP)
“Fever” (LP)/(Remix)
1994
“I’ll Remember” (LP)/“Secret Garden” (LP)
“Secret” (LP)/(Instr.)
“Secret”/“Let Down Your Guard” (Rough Mix Edit)
“Take a Bow” (LP)/(In Da Soul Mix)
“Take a Bow” (LP)/(Inst.)
“Bedtime Story” (Album Edit)/(Junior’s Single Mix)
1995
“Bedtime Story” (LP)/“Survival” (LP)
“Human Nature” (Radio)/“Sanctuary” (LP)
“You’ll See” (LP)/(Instr.)
“You’ll See” (LP)/“Live to Tell” (Live from the Who’s That Girl Tour)
> 1996
“Love Don’t Live Here Anymore” (Soulpower Radio Remix)/(Album Remix)
“One More Chance”/“Veras” (Spanish version of “You’ll See”)
“You Must Love Me” (LP)/“Rainbow High” (LP)
“Don’t Cry for Me Argentina”/“Santa Evita”
1998
“Frozen” (LP)/ “Shanti/Astangi” (LP)
“Ray of Light” (LP)/“Has to Be” (non-album track) (Won 1999 Grammy for Best Dance Recording, and was nominated for Record of the Year, also CD single)
“The Power of Goodbye”/“Mer Girl”
“The Power of Goodbye”/“Little Star”
1999
“Nothing Really Matters”/“To Have and Not to Hold” (LP)
2000
“Music” (LP)/“Cyber-Raga” (non-album track with Talvin Singh)
“Drowned World”/“Substitute for Love”
2001
“Don’t Tell Me” (LP)/(Thunderpuss 2001 Hand in the Air Radio Edit)
“What It Feels Like for a Girl”/“Don’t Tell Me”
2002
“Die Another Day” (Radio Edit)/ (LP)
“Die Another Day” (Radio Edit)/ (Dirty Vegas Main Mix)
2003
“American Life” (Radio Edit)/“Die Another Day” (Calderone & Quayle Afterlife Mix)
“American Life” (Radio Edit)/“Die Another Day” (Richard Humpty Vission Radio Edit)
2006
“Sorry” (Radio Version)/“Let It Will Be” (Paper Faces Vocal Edit)
Singles 12” (U.K. and U.S.; on vinyl, cassette, and CD maxi-singles)
1982
“Everybody”; “Everybody” (Instr.)
“Everybody” (Dub)
1983
“Burning Up”; “Physical Attraction”
“Lucky Star” (Full Length); “I Know It”
“Holiday” (Full Length); “Think of Me”
1984
“Borderline” (New Mix); “Lucky Star” (New Mix)
“Borderline” (U.S. Remix); (Dub Remix); “Physical Attraction”
“Like a Virgin” (Ext. Dance Remix); “Stay”
“Material Girl” (Ext. Dance Remix); “Pretender”
1985
“Angel” (Ext. Dance Mix); “Into the Groove” (Single)
“Angel” (Ext. Dance Mix); “Burning Up” (Mix)
“Dress You Up” (12-inch Formal Mix); (Casual Instr. Mix); “Shoo-Bee-Doo” (LP)
“Dress You Up” (12-inch Formal Mix); (Casual Instr. Mix); “I Know It”
“Gambler” (Ext. Dance Mix); (Instr.); “Nature of the Beach” (U.K., “Nature of the Beach” by Black n’ Blue)
“Crazy for You”
“Into the Groove”; “Everybody”; “Shoo-Bee-Doo”
1986
“Cosmic Climb” (Ext. Dance Mix); (Ext.); “We Are the Gods” (subtitled “The Early Years’)
“Live to Tell” (LP); (Edit); (Instr.)
“Open Your Heart” (Ext.); (Dub); “White Heat”
“Open Your Heart” (Ext.); (Dub); “Lucky Star”
“Papa Don’t Preach” (Ext. Remix); “Pretender”
“Papa Don’t Preach” (Ext. Remix); “Pretender”; “Ain’t No Big Deal”; “Papa Don’t Preach” (LP)
“True Blue” (Color Mix); (Instr.); “Ain’t No Big Deal”; “True Blue” (Remix/Edit)
“True Blue” (Ext. Dance); “Holiday” (Full Length)
1987
“La Isla Bonita” (Ext. Remix); (Ext. Instr.)
“Causing a Commotion” (Silver Screen Mix); (Dub); (Movie House Mix); “Jimmy Jimmy”
“Causing a Commotion” (Silver Screen Mix); (Movie House Mix); “Jimmy Jimmy” (Fade)
“The Look of Love”; “Love Don’t Live Here Anymore”; “I Know It”
“Who’s That Girl” (Ext.); (Dub); “White Heat” (LP)
“Who’s That Girl” (Ext.); “White Heat” (LP)
1988
“Cosmic Climb”; “We Are the Gods”; “Wild Dancing” (Wild Dance Mix) (subtitled “The Early Years”)
“Cherish” (Ext.); (7-inch); “Supernatural”
1989
“Dear Jessie” (LP); “Till Death Do Us Part” (LP); “Holiday” (12-inch)
“Express Yourself” (Non-Stop Express Mix); (Stop & Go Dubs)
“Express Yourself” (Non-Stop Express Mix); (Stop & Go Dubs); (Local Mix); “The Look of Love” (LP)
“Keep It Together” (12-inch Remix); (Dub); (12-inch Ext. Mix); (12-inch Mix); (Bonus Beats); (Instr.)
“Like a Prayer” (12-inch Dance Mix); (12-inch Ext. Remix); (Churchapella); (12-inch Club); (7-inch Remix/Edit); “Act of Contrition”
“Like a Prayer” (12-inch Dance Mix); (Churchapella); (7-inch Remix/Edit)
1990
“Hanky Panky” (Bare Bottoms 12-inch Mix); (Bare Bones Single Mix); “More” (LP)
The Holiday Collection: “Holiday” (LP); “True Blue” (LP); “Who’s That Girl” (LP); “Causing a Commotion” (Silver Screen Single Mix) (U.K. mini-LP)
“Justify My Love” (Orbit 12-inch Mix); (Hip Hop Mix); (The Beast Within Mix); “Express Yourself” (1990 Remix—Long)
“Justify My Love” (Orbit 12-inch Mix); (LP); “Express Yourself” (1990 Edit)
“Justify My Love 2” (Hip Hop Mix); (Q-Sound Mix); (The Beast Within Mix)
“Vogue” (12-inch); (Bette Davis Dub); (Strike-a-Pose Dub)
“Vogue” (12-inch); “Keep It Together” (12-inch Remix)
“Vogue” (12-inch), (Strike-a-Pose Dub)
1991
“Rescue Me” (Titanic Vocal); (Lifeboat Vocal); (Houseboat Vocal); (S.O.S Mix)
“Rescue Me” (Titanic Vocal); (Lifeboat Vocal); (Houseboat Vocal)
“Rescue Me 1” (7-inch mix); (Titanic Vocal); (Demanding Dub)
“Rescue Me 2” (Lifeboat Vocal); (Houseboat Vocal)
“Crazy for You” (Remix); “Keep It Together” (Special Remix); “Into the Groove” (Shep Pettibone Remix)
“Get Down”; “Get Down” (Ext. Mix) (subtitled “The Early Years”)
1992
“Erotica” (Kenlou B-Boy Mix); (Jeep Beats); (Madonna’s in My Jeep Mix); (WO 12-inch); (Underground Club Mix); (Bass Hit Dub)
“Erotica” (LP); (Instr.); (Radio Edit)
“Erotica” (Orbit Mix); (Kenlou B-Boy Mix); (Underground Club Mix); (Orbit Dub); (Madonna’s in My Jeep Mix)
“Deeper and Deeper” (Shep’s Classic 12-inch); (Shep’s Deep Makeover Mix); (Shep’s Deep Beats); (David’s Deeper Dub); (Shep’s Deeper Dub)
“Deeper and Deeper” (Shep’s Classic 12-inch); (Shep’s Deep Makeover Mix); (David’s Klub Mix); (David’s Love Dub); (Shep’s Deeper Dub)
“Deeper and Deeper” (LP); (Shep’s Deep Makeover Mix); (David’s Klub Mix); (Shep’s Classic 12-inch); (Shep’s Fierce Deeper Dub); (David’s Love Dub); (Shep’s Deep Beats)
Michael Jackson: “In the Closet”; (Cm) (Tum) (Tmd) (K 12-inch) (Mixes Behind Door 1, Madonna as Mystery Girl)
Michael Jackson: “In the Closet”; (Tum) (Fsm) (Tmof) (Tud) (Mixes Behind Door 2, Madonna as Mystery Girl)
1993
“Bad Girl” (Ext. Mix); “Fever” (Ext. 12-inch Mix); (Shep’s Remedy Dub); (Murk Boys” Miami Mix); (Murk Boys’ Deep South Mix); (Oscar G’s Dope Dub)
“Bad Girl” (Ext. Mix); (Edit); “Fever” (Ext. 12-inch Mix); (Hot Sweat 12-inch); (Murk Boys’ Miami Mix); (Murk Boys Deep South Mix)
“Bad Girl” (LP); “Erotica” (William Orbit 12-inch); (William Orbit Dub); (Madonna’s in My Jeep Mix)
Erotica: “Bad Girl” (Ext. Mix); “Erotica” (Kenlou B-Boy Instr.); “Erotica” (Underground Tribute); “Erotica” (Wo Dub); “Erotica” (House Instr.); “Erotica” (Bass Hit Dub)
Keep It Together (Remixes); “Cherish” (Ext.); (Includes 7 mixes of the title track: 12-inch Remix, Dub, 12-inch Ext. Mix, 12-inch Mix, Bonus Beats, Instr., and Original Version)
“Rain” (Radio Remix); (LP); “U
p Down Suite” (Non-LP track); “Waiting” (Remix)
“Rain” (Radio Remix); “Up Down Suite” (Non-LP track); “Waiting” (Remix)
Remixed Prayer EP: “Like a Prayer” (12-inch Dance Mix); (12-inch Extended Mix); (Churchapella); (12-inch Club); (7-inch Remix); “Express Yourself” (Non-Stop Express Mix); (Stop & Go); (Local Mix)
“This Used to Be My Playground” (Single); (instr.); (Long)
“Fever” (Hot Sweat 12-inch Mix); (Ext. 12-inch Mix); (Shep’s Remedy Dub); (Murk Boys’ Miami Mix); (Murk Boys’ Deep South Mix); (Oscar G’s Dope Dub)
1994
“I’ll Remember” (Guerilla Beach Mix); (LP); (Guerilla Groove Mix); (Orbit Alternative Mix)
“I’ll Remember” (Guerilla Beach Mix); (Orbit Mix); “Why It’s So Hard” (Live from the Girlie Show Tour)
“Secret” (Junior’s Sound Factory Mix); (Junior’s Sound Factory Dub); (Junior’s Luscious Club Mix); (Junior’s Luscious Club Dub); (Allstar Mix). CD maxi-single includes “Secret” (Edit), (Junior’s Luscious Single Mix), and (Some Bizarre Mix), but omits (Junior’s Sound Factory and Luscious Club Dub)
“Secret” (Junior’s Luscious Single Mix); (Junior’s Extended Luscious Club Mix); (Junior’s Luscious Dub); (Junior’s Sound Factory Mix); (Junior’s Sound Factory Dub)
“Secret” (LP Edit); “Let Down Your Guard” (Rough Mix Edit); “Secret” (Instr.); (LP)
“Take a Bow” (InDaSoul Mix); (LP); (Silky Soul Mix); (InDaSoul Instr.); (Instr.)
“Take a Bow” (Edit); (LP);(Instr.)
“Bedtime Story” (Junior’s Sound Factory Mix); (Junior’s Sound Factory Dub); (Orbital Mix); (Junior’s Wet Dream Mix); (Junior’s Wet Dream Dub)
“Bedtime Story” (LP Edit); (Junior’s Wet Dream Mix); (Junior’s Dreamy Drum Dub); (Junior’s Sound Factory Mix); (Junior’s Single Mix)
1995
“Oh Father”; “Live to Tell” (Live Edit from the Ciao Italia Tour); “Why’s It So Hard” (Live from the Girlie Show Tour)
“Bedtime Story” (Junior’s Sound Factory Mix); (Junior’s Sound Factory Dub); (Orbital Mix); (Junior’s Wet Dream Mix)
“Bedtime Story”: (1) “Bedtime Story” (Junior’s Single Mix); “Secret” (Some Bizarre Mix); (All-Star Mix); (Some Bizarre Single Mix); (2) “Bedtime Story” (LP); (Junior’s Wet Dream Mix); (Junior’s Dreamy Drum Dub); (Orbital Mix); (Junior’s Sound Factory Mix) (Limited edition U.K. double CD)
Into the Groove: “Into the Groove”; “Everybody”; “Shoo-Bee-Doo”
“Like a Virgin” (Ext. Dub); “Stay”
“Live to Tell” (LP); (Edit); (Instr.)