Institute for the Study of Diplomacy (Georgetown University)
Institute of Cultural Affairs Strategic Planning Process
Instrumental reconciliation
Intact team building
Integration-adaptation model: accountability component of; accuracy in reading situation component of; adaptivity component of; awareness of situation component of; Boy Scouts of America (BSA) conflict with LGBTQ community examined using; overview of the
Integrative agreement products: type 1: compromise; type 2: logrolling; type 3: modify the resource pie; type 4: expand the resource pie; type 5: bridge the interests; type 6: cut the costs; type 7: compensation (nonspecific); type 8: superordination
Integrative agreements: Agreement Circumplex; compromise versus integrative; conflict management system producing; examined as creativity; flexible thinking and idea generation; interaction between conflict and creativity; mix of information needed for; providing time and space for; relationship between cooperation and creativity in; seeing the other’s point of view; settlement versus resolution. See also Outcomes; Solutions
Integrative negotiation: description of; in difficult to resolve conflicts; five major stages of; promotion of; theoretical and empirical roots of
Integrative negotiation impasse: characteristics of negotiation environment and setting; characteristics of negotiation issues and; characteristics of the parties as source of; how negotiators can resolve
Integrative negotiation stages: 1: preparation; 2: building a relationship with the other party; 3: exchanging information; 4: inventing and exploring options; 5: reaching settlement
Intellectualization and minimization
Intense internal dynamics
Intentionalist paradigm of communication: on considering the listener when formulating a message; on listening to understand intended meaning; overview of
Interdependence: asymmetries related to degree of; positive or negative goal
Interests: defining; negotiation role of; to secure cooperation
Intergroup conflict: implications for training; implications for understanding and practice; overview of; resolving intractable; sources and dynamics of
Intergroup conflict dynamics: escalation; resistances to resolution and intractability
Intergroup conflict resolution practices: analyzing the conflict; confronting the conflict; overview of; resolving the conflict
Intergroup conflict resolution training: on analytical skills; on consultation skills; on group leadership skills; on intergroup skills; on interpersonal skills; overview of; personal qualities and
Intergroup conflict sources: group-level factors; perceptual and cognitive factors
Intergroup encounter interventions: description of; evaluation of
Internal conflict
International Crisis Group
International Center for Cooperation and Conflict Resolution (ICCCR)
International conflict: “bargaining in the shadow of the law” phenomenon in; International Criminal Court (ICC) indictments related to; Northern Ireland; Sierra Leone (1999–2000); Syria. See also Israeli-Palestinian conflict; Peace-building practice; War
International Criminal Court (ICC): human rights concerns of; indictments in Uganda and Libya by
International Institute for Sustained Dialogue (IISD)
International legal system: architectural development of; Geneva Conventions
International social network linkages
International Social Survey Program
Internet: online dispute resolution (ODR); social networks on the; websites promoting ideologies; “wild west” of the
Interpersonal conflict: escalating spirals in; self-regulatory failure in
Interpersonal conflict resolution: cooling strategies and techniques for; reflection; time-out
Interpersonal negotiation strategies (INS) model
Interpersonal relation dimensions: cooperation-competition; formal versus informal; intensity and importance; power distribution (equal versus unequal); task oriented versus social-emotional
Interpersonal scope
Inter-Tajik Dialogue (ITD)
Intractability: as powerful psychological barriers to conflict resolution; resistance to intergroup conflict resolution
Intractable conflict: components of; defining; Dynamical Systems Theory (DST) on; five paradigms for addressing; Mozambique conflict and peace process feedback mapping; ongoing global; “prevention orientation” approach to
Intractable conflict components: context; core issues; outcomes; processes; relationships
Intractable conflict intervention guidelines: 1: leverage instability; 2: complicate to simplify: mapping dynamic ecology of peace and conflict; 3: read the emotional reservoirs of the conflict; 4: begin with what is working; 5: beginnings matter most; 6: circumvent the conflict; 7: seek meek power; 8: work with both manifest and latent attractors; 9: alter conflict and peace attractors for the long term; 10: restabilize through dynamic adaptivity
Intractable conflict intervention paradigms: the human relations paradigm; overview on; the pathology paradigm; the postmodern paradigm; the realist paradigm; the systems paradigm
Intractable conflict processes: malignant social processes; pervasiveness, complexity, and flux; strong emotionality
intractable group conflict: direct conflict resolution to; implications and future directions of research on; incremental beliefs about; indirect social psychological approaches to; Israel-Palestinian conflict; Turkish-Greek conflict
Intrapsychic conflict and anxiety
IRA (Irish Republican Army)
Iranian US embassy hostages (1979)
Iraq Body Count
Iraq War: biased information processing: selective use and framing during; con-div group dynamic during the; decision-making dynamics during the surge (2007); failure to reappraise previously rejected alternatives during; groupthink dynamic in decision to invade Iraq (2003); lack of communication and confusion during the; lowest-common-denominator decisions and decision paralysis during the; McChrystal’s Rolling Stone interview during the; moving form groupthink to polythink; policy implications of the decision making during; polythink process of withdrawal from Iraq. See also War
Iroquois Confederation
Irreducible Uncertainty, Inevitable Error, Unavoidable Injustice (Hammond)
Islands of agreement
Israeli-Palestinian conflict: Abraham Fund for Jewish-Arab Coexistence initiative to resolve; Air France flight rescue by Israeli government; cultural fluency used to better understand the; destructive versus constructive ideologies of the; emotional dimension of incremental beliefs; events to change collective memories and move toward shared view of history; increased levels of hope regarding end of; judgment dimension of incremental beliefs; normalization of hostility and violence; psychodynamic theory used to explain the; social media role in monitoring events of; symbolism and ideology issues of the. See also International conflict
Issue scope
I-Thou relationships
J
Journal of Applied Behavioral Science
Journal of Homosexuality
Judgment and moral reasoning
Justice: analyzing the true impacts of retributive; conflict between two reasonable principles of; conflict over defining what is; distributive; economic framework of; gacaca (community justice process); global justice burden; operationalizing peace with; peace as requiring; peace-building process that commits to long-term peace and; reciprocity practice by indigenous societies for; reconciliation and processes of; scope of; solidarity and caring framework of. See also Fairness; Injustice
Justice frameworks: economic and politics of deserving; solidarity and caring
“Justifying,” as negotiation tactic
K
Kamp Uden Vaaben (Ehrlich, Lindberg, and Gammeigaard Jacobsen)
Karma
Kidnapping. See Hostage negotiation
Kinetic power
&n
bsp; Knowledge acquisition. See Learning
Kohlberg’s moral development stages
Kosovo bombing issue
Kosovo Liberation Army
L
Language: definitions of; dehumanizing trait of; used to describe conflict; examining interconnectedness of peace, conflict resolution, and; peace linguistics
Large group intervention methods: applications to peace building and legislative processes; that create the future; embedding new patterns of collaboration; methods for discussion and decision making; overview of; for work design
Large Group Interventions: Engaging the Whole System for Rapid Change (Bunker and Alban)
Layered personality
Leadership coaching
League of Women Voters
Learning: conflict management and social-emotional; constructive controversy and improved quality; experiential; informal and incidental learning model on reflection for; knowledge acquisition from conflict resolution research; to learn about conflict resolution; reflection on experience for; social context of
Learning by analogy
Learning Communities Project
LeBenevolencija
Legitimacy, socially constructed
“Legitimizing myths” of power
Leith Open Space
Lesbians. See LGBTQ community
“Letter from Birmingham Jail” (King)
Levesno lab
Lewin’s change process framework: driving and restraining forces; movement phase of; refreezing phase of; unfreezing phase of
LGBTQ community: Boy Scouts of America conflict with; honor ideologies and violence against
Libya
LIF PLUS
LinkedIn
Listening: dialogic communication with empathic; taking listeners perspective into account; trying to understanding intended meaning of message
Logrolling solution
Lome Agreement (1999)
London bombings
Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA) [Uganda]
Lose-lose outcome
Loss averse
Love and belongingness needs
Loving Couples Loving Children (LCLC)
Low-power groups (LPGs)
Lufthansa flight negotiations (1977)
M
Maalot School terrorism (Israel)
MACBE (motivation, affect, cognition, behavior, environment) model
Madrid terrorist attacks
Manila hostage crisis
Marginalization: moral exclusion or; psychological mechanisms for; selection of targets for; “structural” violence and
Marriage: couples’ conflict intervention; friendship as “emotional bank account” for; Sound Relationship House theory (SRH) on; specific affect coding system (SPAFF) measures of; trust and betrayal theory for emotional attunement in. See also Divorce; Gottman lab
The Marriage Clinic (Gottman)
The Marriage Clinic Casebook (Gottman)
Marriage intervention/divorce prevention: The Art and Science of Love (ASL); Bringing Baby home (BBH) workshop; Couples Together Against Violence; Gottmans’ conflict blueprints; Loving Couples Loving Children (LCLC); proximal change experiments
“Marshmellow test”
Marxist doctrine
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs
The Mathematics of Marriage (Gottman, Murray, Swanson, Tyson, and Swanson)
McChrystal’s Rolling Stone interview
Media: coverage of terrorism by; nonviolent struggle coverage by the; political processes and freedom of the press by; social media as social networks
Mediation: Coleman Raider Mediation Model for; conditions for effective; contingent; definition of; efficacy of; factors determining use of; implications for training; implications for understanding and managing conflict using; key differences between human rights and; leadership coaching for organizational; outline for parents; problem-as-puzzle model of; “satisfaction story” of; short-term success in mediation (STSM); theory and research on; traditional, narrative, and transformative; whole school programs for
Mediator behavior: assertiveness; contextual interventions; as mediation factor; reflexive interventions; substantive interventions; tactical interventions
Mediator styles: evaluative; facilitative; problem-solving; relational; strategic
Mediators: behavior of; as catalysts for learning through reflection; characteristics of the potential; how gender affects style of; implications for; maintain realistic expectations; using multiple; negotiation biases of; skills required for intergroup conflict resolution; stressful social role of; stylistic orientation of; twelve stages of moves made by. See also Conflict resolution practitioners; Conflict resolution training
Mediators beyond Borders
Men: network access of; social dominance orientation (SDO) levels in. See also Gender differences
Men Organized against Rape
Mercy Healthcare system (California)
Messages: considering what the listener will take it to mean; listening to try to understanding intended meaning of; pay attention to the form of the; taking listener’s perspective into account. See also Communication
Meta-emotion (Katz and Hooven)
MHS (mutually hurting stalemate)
Middle childhood development: description of; Erikson’s psychosocial stages in development; role of conflict in; sense of self; stage theories of
Middle-out power
Mindfulness
Minimization and intellectualization
Minorities at Risk Project
Mirror neurons
The MODE
Modeling: self-regulation; social-emotional learning promoted by
Modify the resource pie
Mondragon (Spain)
Moral behavior, role of framing in
Moral community: empathy required to enlarge one’s; intergroup simulations to experience a; justice principles of deserving often extended only to one’s; training to enlarge the scope of one’s
Moral courage
Moral development: of extraordinary moral responsibility and creativity; Kohlberg’s moral development stages on; raising inclusively caring children with moral courage
Moral exclusion: definition of; individual and groups who suffer; psychological mechanisms of; selection of targets for; social conditions allowing; three central psychological questions regarding; training to recognize
Moral exclusion
Moral orientation
Moral reasoning and judgment
Moral theories on aggression and violence: moral exclusion; moral reasoning and judgment; norm violations; overview of
Moral values appeal
Morse code
Motivation: conflict resolution and multiple motives and; generating change agent’s; to improve understanding during constructive controversy; information processing and defense, accuracy, or impression; middle childhood development of; Murray’s need theory of personality on; self-regulation role in
Motivational orientation
Mozambique peace process: example of the utility of meek power in the; mapping the conflict and
Multiculturalism: comparing culture and; examining relationship to conflict and conflict resolution; increasing cultural diversity in today’s societies; meaning of conflict and resolution in context of; noteworthy applications of; as a social movement
Multiculturalism conflict management: accountability component of; accuracy in reading situation; adaptivity component of; awareness of situation; case study: Boy Scouts of America and multiculturalism; integration-adaptation model of
Multiple mediators
Mumbai attacks (Pakistan)
Murray’s need theory of personality
Musekeweya (New Dawn) radio drama (Rwanda)
Mutual respect principle
Mutual security principle
Mutual trust principle
N
Naive conflict resolution strategies
Narrative mediation
National Commission for Democracy and Human Rights
National Fund for Social Enterprise (Mexico)
National Institute of Mental Health
National Institutes of Health Office of the Ombudsmen
National Public Radio
National Science Foundation
National Training Laboratory in Group Development (NTL)
National Urban League
Native American values
NATO
Nazi Germany
Need for power
Need principle
Needs theories: Burton’s human needs theory; Maslow’s hierarchy of needs; Murray’s need theory of personality
Negative self-transcendence
Negotiating boundaries: description of; gender differences in; legal entitlements
Negotiation: anchors, frames, and reference points of; Coleman Raider “Bare-Bones” Model of Stages of Negotiation; Coleman Raider reframing formula for; conflict resolution research on; contract; cooperation-competition theory implications for training; definition of; difficulty personalities and; examining gender differences in; facing dirty tricks during cooperative; integrative; judgmental biases during; multiple motives during; persuasion during; psychodynamic personality theory on irrational deterrents to; reducing ambiguity; research developments on; role playing during; social context of; strategies to improve outcomes for women; substantive content of training for; terrorists and hostage
Negotiation and Conflict Management Research (Kressel and Wall)
Negotiation Behavior (Pruitt)
Negotiation bias outcomes: damaged negotiation relationships; exaggeration of conflict/false conflict due to; failure to reach agreement even when mutually beneficial; loss of confidence; reaching agreement prematurely or in substandard way
Negotiation bias remedies: deliberate and structured interventions; naturally occurring
Negotiation biases: of cognition; cultural differences related to; information processing and sources of; of outcome and allocation; of process; remedies of
Negotiation boundaries: fall prevention; pregnancy and parental leave
Negotiation Evaluation Survey (NES)
Negotiation impasse: characteristics of the parties as source of; strategies for dealing with
The Handbook of Conflict Resolution (3rd ed) Page 172