by Ethan Lou
Alchon, Suzanne Austin. A Pest in the Land: New World Epidemics in a Global Perspective. Albuquerque, New Mexico: University of New Mexico Press, 2003.
Allard, Tom, and Kate Lamb. “Exclusive: More Than 2,200 Indonesians Have Died with Coronavirus Symptoms, Data Shows.” Reuters, April 27, 2020. https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-indonesia-casualti/exclusive-more-than-2200-indonesians-have-died-with-coronavirus-symptoms-data-shows-idUSKCN22A04N.
Bailey, Mark. The Decline of Serfdom in Late Medieval England: From Bondage to Freedom. Woodbridge, United Kingdom: Boydell Press, 2014.
Belluz, Julia. “Why the Coronavirus Outbreak Might Be Much Bigger Than We Know.” Vox, Feb. 14, 2020. https://www.vox.com/2020/2/14/21134473/coronavirus-outbreak-singapore-us-symptoms-pandemic.
Boccaccio, Giovanni. The Decameron. Translated by John Payne. New York, New York: Walter J. Black, 2007.
Boice, Jay. “Best- Case and Worst- Case Coronavirus Forecasts Are Very Far Apart.” FiveThirtyEight, April 2, 2020. https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/best-case-and-worst-case-coronavirus-forecasts-are-very-far-apart.
Canadian Press. “Trudeau Speaks with First Ministers on Coronavirus, Promises Better Data Soon.” CityNews, April 2, 2020. https://edmonton.citynews.ca/2020/04/02/trudeau-calls-first-ministers-meeting-on-coronavirus-promises-better-data-soon.
Clamp, Rachel. “Coronavirus and the Black Death: Spread of Misinformation and Xenophobia Shows We Haven’t Learned from Our Past.” The Conversation, March 5, 2020. https://theconversation.com/coronavirus-and-the-black-death-spread-of-misinformation-and-xenophobia-shows-we-havent-learned-from-our-past-132802.
Cummins, Neil, Morgan Kelly, and Cormac Ó Gráda. “Coronavirus from the Perspective of 17th Century Plague.” Vox, April 21, 2020. https://voxeu.org/article/coronavirus-perspective-17th-century-plague.
Daud, Sulaiman, and Kayla Wong. “Full Transcript of 25- minute Leaked Audio Recording of Chan Chun Sing Dialogue with SCCCI.” Mothership, February 20, 2020. https://mothership.sg/2020/02/chan-chun-sing-leaked-transcript.
Duncan, Conrad. “Coronavirus: 70% of Population Likely to Be Infected, Experts Tell Angela Merkel.” The Independent, March 11, 2020. https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/coronavirus-germany-news-angela-merkel-infected-population-experts-vaccine-a9394326.html.
Fink, Sheri. “Worst- Case Estimates for U.S. Coronavirus Deaths.” New York Times, March 13, 2020. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/13/us/coronavirus-deaths-estimate.html.
Foucault, Michel. Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison. Translated by Alan Sheridan. New York, New York: Vintage, 1995.
Getz, Faye Marie. “Black Death and the Silver Lining: Meaning, Continuity, and Revolutionary Change in Histories of Medieval Plague.” Journal of the History of Biology 24 (June 1991): 265–89. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00209432.
Giles, Chris. “UK Coronavirus Deaths More Than Double Official Figure, According to FT Study.” Financial Times, April 21, 2020. https://www.ft.com/content/67e6a4ee-3d05-43bc-ba03-e239799fa6ab.
Haelle, Tara. “The COVID- 19 Coronavirus Disease May Be Twice as Contagious as We Thought.” Forbes, April 7, 2020. https://www.forbes.com/sites/tarahaelle/2020/04/07/the-covid19-coronavirus-disease-may-be-twice-as-contagious-as-we-thought/#242ea1a429a6.
Hajela, Deepti, Marina Villeneuve, and Karen Matthews. “Stark Disparities in New York City’s Virus Toll.” Associated Press, May 18, 2020. https://apnews.com/282c393552f8943206b67aeeaa0e1d2b.
Hammond, Mitchell. Epidemics and the Modern World. Toronto, Ontario: University of Toronto Press, 2019.
Henson, Bertha. “Virally speaking.” Bertha Harian (blog), February 19, 2020. https://berthahenson.wordpress.com/2020/02/19/virally-speaking.
Hohman, Maura. “Airline Says Passengers Must Ask to Use the Bathroom on Upcoming Flights.” Today, May 19, 2020. https://www.today.com/news/ryanair-has-new-bathroom-protocol-flights-during-coronavirus-t181926.
James, Tom. “Black Death: The Lasting Impact.” British Broadcasting Corporation, February 17, 2020. http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/middle_ages/black_impact_01.shtml.
Katz, Josh, and Margot Sanger- Katz. “Deaths in New York City Are More Than Double the Usual Total.” New York Times, April 10, 2020. https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/04/10/upshot/coronavirus-deaths-new-york-city.html.
Knight, Sam. “Reading About the Black Death with My Daughter During the Coronavirus Outbreak.” New Yorker, March 14, 2020. https://www.newyorker.com/news/letter-from-the-uk/reading-about-the-black-death-with-my-daughter-during-the-coronavirus-outbreak.
LeBlanc, Paul. “US Coronavirus Predictions Are Shifting. Here’s Why.” CNN, April 9, 2020. https://edition.cnn.com/2020/04/08/politics/what-matters-april-8.
Little, Simon. “Approval of Prime Minister, Premiers Soars Amid Coronavirus Response: Ipsos Poll.” Global News, April 8, 2020. https://globalnews.ca/news/6792350/coronavirus-poll-prime-minster-premier-approvals/.
Mark, Joshua J. “Effects of the Black Death on Europe.” Ancient History Encyclopedia, April 16, 2020. https://www.ancient.eu/article/1543/effects-of-the-black-death-on-europe.
McKinley, Kathryn. “How the Rich Reacted to the Bubonic Plague has Eerie Similarities to Today’s Pandemic.” The Conversation, April 16, 2020. https://theconversation.com/how-the-rich-reacted-to-the-bubonic-plague-has-eerie-similarities-to-todays-pandemic-135925.
Merelli, Annalisa. “Hysteria Over Coronavirus in Italy Is Reminiscent of the Black Death.” Quartz, February 24, 2020. https://qz.com/1807049/hysteria-over-coronavirus-in-italy-is-reminiscent-of-the-black-death.
Mintz, Luke. “From Shakespeare to Newton, Britain’s Great Thinkers Did Some of Their Best Work Under Lockdown.” The Telegraph, April 20, 2020. https://www.telegraph.co.uk/health-fitness/body/shakespeare-newton-britains-great-thinkers-did-best-work-lockdown.
National Post. “Coronavirus Live Updates: Life Won’t Return to Normal Until We Have a Vaccine — 12 to 18 Months, Trudeau Says.” April 9, 2020. https://nationalpost.com/news/canada/coronavirus-live-updates-covid-19-covid19.
Olaya, Vicente G. “The Surprising Similarities Between the Coronavirus and the Bubonic Plague.” El Pais, April 21, 2020. https://english.elpais.com/society/2020-04-21/the-surprising-similarities-between-the-coronavirus-and-the-bubonic-plague.html.
Pan, Jie. “An Attempt to Understand Why So Many People Dislike Minister Chan Chun Sing.” Rice, December 15, 2018. https://www.ricemedia.co/current-affairs-commentary-understanding-dislike-minister-chan-chun-sing.
Pappas, Stephanie. “Black Death Likely Altered European Genes.” Live Science, February 3, 2014. https://www.livescience.com/43063-black-death-roma-evolution.html.
___________, “It Got Better: Life Improved After Black Death, Study Finds.” Live Science, May 7, 2014. https://www.livescience.com/45428-health-improved-black-death.html.
Pluess, Jessica Davis. “The Mystical and Mythical Edelweiss.” House of Switzerland, July 8, 2018. https://www.houseofswitzerland.org/swissstories/history/mystical-and-mythical-edelweiss.
Purnell, Newley. “Singapore Has the Most Expensive Beer in Asia.” Quartz, December 6, 2013. https://qz.com/155057/singapore-has-the-most-expensive-beer-in-asia.
Quealy, Kevin. “The Richest Neighborhoods Emptied Out Most as Coronavirus Hit New York City.” New York Times, May 15, 2020. https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/05/15/upshot/who-left-new-york-coronavirus.html.
Sales- Carbonell, Jordina. “La ‘plaga de Justinià’ segons el testimoni de Procopi.” Epidèmies a l’Edat Mitjana (blog), April 3, 2020. https://epidemiesedatmitjana.wordpress.com/2020/04/03/la-plaga-de-justinia-segons-el-testimoni-de-procopi.
Saul, Toby. “Inside the Swift, Deadly History of the Spanish Flu Pandemic.” National Geographic, March 4, 2018. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/history/magazine/2018/03-04/history-spanish-flu-pandemic.
Schnoor, Aaron. “
Is the Coronavirus the New Black Plague?” Medium, March 5, 2020. https://medium.com/lessons-from-history/is-the-coronavirus-the-new-black-plague-31f93d2bbfd6.
Shipman, Pat Lee. “The Bright Side of the Black Death.” American Scientist 102, no. 6 (November 2014): 410. https://doi.org/10.1511/2014.111.410.
Snowden, Frank. Epidemics and Society: From the Black Death to the Present. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press, 2020.
Sridhar, Devi. “Britain Must Change Course — And Resume Covid- 19 Testing to Protect Frontline NHS Staff.” The Guardian, March 16, 2020. https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/mar/16/resume-covid-19-testing-protect-frontline-nhs-staff.
Stamataki, Zania. “Why Is Coronavirus So Frighteningly Successful?” The Guardian, April 20, 2020. https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/apr/20/coronavirus-master-of-disguise-scientists-viruses-covid-19.
Tan, Martino. “Leaked Audio of Singlish- Spewing Chan Chun Sing Impresses & Dismays S’poreans at the Same Time.” Mothership, February 20, 2020. https://mothership.sg/2020/02/chan-chun-sing-leaked.
Walsh, Bryan. “The Medieval Black Death Made You Healthier — If You Survived.” Time, May 7, 2014. https://time.com/91315/the-medieval-black-death-made-you-healthier-if-you-survived.
Wisecrack. “How Pandemics Change Society — Wisecrack Edition.” YouTube video, April 13, 2020. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Rr9b-HMSS4.
York, Geoffrey. “The COVID- 19 Pandemic Could Be ‘Devastating’ for Battles against Tuberculosis, HIV and Malaria.” Globe and Mail, May 22, 2020. https://www.theglobeandmail.com/world/article-the-covid-19-pandemic-could-be-devastating-for-battles-against.
Young, Chris. “Comparing the Wuhan Coronavirus to 6 Other Deadly Outbreaks.” Interesting Engineering, February 11, 2020.
https://interestingengineering.com/comparing-the-wuhan-coronavirus-to-6-other-deadly-outbreaks.
PART THREE: RIPPLES ACROSS THE POND
Acocella, Joan. “The End of the World: Interpreting the Plague” New Yorker, March 14, 2005. https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2005/03/21/the-end-of-the-world.
Al Jazeera. “WHO Warns Europe Is Coronavirus ‘Epicentre’ as Cases, Deaths Rise.” March 13, 2020. https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/03/warns-europe-epicentre-pandemic-cases-deaths-rise-200313170721317.html.
Baran, Michelle. “The U.S. Ban on Travel Now Includes Europe, the U.K., and Ireland — What You Need to Know.” AFAR, March 14, 2020. https://www.afar.com/magazine/the-us-ban-on-travel-from-europe-what-you-need-to-know.
Bavarian Ministerial Gazette. “Emergency Notice.” April 16, 2020. https://home.army.mil/bavaria/application/files/6815/8713/3819/coronavirus_Bavaria_ordinance_16Apr2020.pdf.
Blyth, Mark, and Eric Lonergan. “This Time, Can We Finally Turn a Financial Crisis into an Opportunity?” Foreign Policy, March 20, 2020. https://foreignpolicy.com/2020/03/20/this-time-can-we-finally-turn-a-financial-crisis-into-an-opportunity.
Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. “John Tory Says City Forced to Contemplate ‘Devastating’ Service Cuts Without Federal, Provincial Funding.” May 22, 2020. https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/toronto-covid-19-may-22-1.5580045.
Carney, Jordain. “Harris, Sanders, Markey Propose $2,000 Monthly Payments Amid Coronavirus Pandemic.” The Hill, May 8, 2020. https://thehill.com/homenews/senate/496747-harris-sanders-markey-propose-2000-monthly-payments-amid-coronavirus-pandemic.
Chor, Laurel (@laurelchor). “At the airport, staff made sure I scanned a QR code and downloaded the app, which was then registered to my phone # and my tracking bracelet. I had to let the app know when I got home from the airport.” Twitter post, May 14, 2020. https://twitter.com/laurelchor/status/1260911916488093697.
Clark, Campbell. “It’s the Provinces That Will Emerge from This Crisis Weaker, as Power Shifts to Ottawa.” Globe and Mail, May 22, 2020. https://www.theglobeandmail.com/politics/article-its-the-provinces-that-will-emerge-from-this-crisis-weaker-as-power.
Clifford, Catherine. “Pope Francis: ‘This May Be the Time to Consider a Universal Basic Wage.’ ” CNBC, April 13, 2020. https://www.cnbc.com/2020/04/13/pope-francis-it-may-be-the-time-to-consider-a-universal-basic-wage.html.
Cowles, Charlotte. “With Interest: Failing to Save Jobs.” New York Times, June 28, 2020.
Cullen, Paul. “Ireland Is ‘Exactly 14 Days Behind Italy’ in Terms of Coronavirus Cases.” Irish Times, March 13, 2020. https://www.irishtimes.com/news/health/ireland-is-exactly-14-days-behind-italy-in-terms-of-coronavirus-cases-1.4202013.
Donadio, Rachel. “Italy’s Coronavirus Response Is a Warning from the Future.” The Atlantic, March 8, 2020. https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2020/03/italy-coronavirus-covid19-west-europe-future/607660.
Duhigg, Charles, and Keith Bradsher. “How the U.S. Lost Out on iPhone Work.” New York Times, January 21, 2012. https://www.nytimes.com/2012/01/22/business/apple-america-and-a-squeezed-middle-class.html.
Dyer, Evan. “From Pipe Dream to Prospect: The Pandemic Is Making a Case for a Universal Basic Income.” Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, April 19, 2020. https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/universal-basic-income-covid-coronavirus-pandemic-1.5536144.
Eisenberg, Merle, Lee Mordechai, and Robert Alpert. “Why Treating the Coronavirus Like the Black Death Is So Dangerous.” Washington Post, February 6, 2020. https://www.washingtonpost.com/outlook/2020/02/06/why-treating-coronavirus-like-black-death-is-so-dangerous.
Eisinger, Jesse. “How the Coronavirus Bailout Repeats 2008’s Mistakes: Huge Corporate Payoffs with Little Accountability.” ProPublica, April 7, 2020. https://www.propublica.org/article/how-the-coronavirus-bailout-repeats-2008s-mistakes-huge-corporate-payoffs-with-little-accountability.
Ellis- Petersen, Hannah. “Rodrigo Duterte’s Drug War Is ‘Large- Scale Murdering Enterprise’ Says Amnesty.” The Guardian, July 8, 2019. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/jul/08/rodrigo-dutertes-drug-war-is-large-scale-murdering-enterprise-says-amnesty.
Erdbrink, Thomas, and Christina Anderson. “ ‘Life Has to Go On’: How Sweden Has Faced the Virus Without a Lockdown.” New York Times, April 28, 2020. https://www.nytimes.com/by/thomas-erdbrink.
Erskine- Smith, Nathaniel. “Is It Time for a Basic Income? with Evelyn Forget” Uncommons: Canadian Politics With Nathaniel Erskine- Smith, March 26, 2020. Podcast. https://podcastaddict.com/podcast/2728853.
Fawcett, Max. “How Universal Basic Income Will Save the Economy.” The Walrus, May 4, 2020. https://thewalrus.ca/how-universal-basic-income-will-save-the-economy.
Garcia, Mario R. “Does Creativity Suffer When Design Is Outsourced?” The Mario Blog, February 19, 2018. https://www.garciamedia.com/blog/does-creativity-suffer-when-design-is-outsourced.
Gebrekidan, Selam. “For Autocrats, and Others, Coronavirus Is a Chance to Grab Even More Power.” New York Times, March 30, 2020. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/30/world/europe/coronavirus-governments-power.html.
Guardian (Prince Edward Island). “EDITORIAL: Too Good to Give Up.” Saltwire Network, April 29, 2020. https://www.saltwire.com/opinion/local-perspectives/editorial-too-good-to-give-up-443520.
Guest, Dennis. “Family Allowance.” Canadian Encyclopedia, February 7, 2006. https://thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/family-allowance.
Howlett, Karen, Laura Stone, Jill Mahoney, and Tu Thanh Ha. “Ontario to Take Control of Five Long- Term Care Homes After Military Report Citing Neglect, Abuse.” Globe and Mail, May 27, 2020. https://www.theglobeandmail.com/canada/article-ontario-to-take-control-of-five-long-term-care-homes-after-military.
Ibbitson, John. “This Pandemic Will Reshape the Social Landscape — It’s Just Too Soon to Say How.” Globe and Mail, March 29, 2020. https://www.theglobeandmail.com/opinion/article-this-pandemic-will-reshape-the-social-landscape-its-just-too-soon.
Kirkpatrick, Tim. “This Is the Flower That Marked a German Soldier as Being Elite.” We Are the Mig
hty, June 29, 2018. https://www.wearethemighty.com/history/edelweiss-flower-german-elite-troops#:~:text=The%20edelweiss%2C%20otherwise%20known%20as,’noble’%20and%20’white.
Kosnar, Michael, and Pete Williams. “Pandemic Pushes U.S. Gun Sales to All- Time High.” NBC, April 3, 2020. https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/politics-news/pandemic-pushes-u-s-gun-sales-all-time-high-n1176451.
Lee, Yen Nee. “5 Charts Show Why the Global Economy Is More Vulnerable Now Than During SARS.” CNBC, February 4, 2020. https://www.cnbc.com/2020/02/05/coronavirus-how-china-economy-has-changed-since-sars.html.
MacMillan, Margaret. “Making History: How a Pandemic Took the World by Surprise.” Globe and Mail, May 8, 2020. https://www.theglobeandmail.com/opinion/article-making-history-how-a-pandemic-took-the-world-by-surprise.
Maheshwari, Sapna, and Michael Corkery. “U.S. Retail Crisis Deepens as Hundreds of Thousands Lose Work.” New York Times. March 30, 2020. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/30/business/coronavirus-retail-furloughs-macys.html.
Maheshwari, Sapna, and Vanessa Friedman. “The Death of the Department Store: ‘Very Few Are Likely to Survive.’ ” New York Times, April 21, 2020. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/21/business/coronavirus-department-stores-neiman-marcus.html.
Markowitz, Shane. “Why Trump Has Received a Much Smaller Approval Bump Than Other World Leaders During the Pandemic.” Washington Post, April 8, 2020. https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2020/04/08/why-trumps-received-much-smaller-approval-bump-than-other-world-leaders-during-pandemic.
Mason, Gary. “The Next COVID- 19 Crisis? Canada’s Cash- Strapped Cities.” Globe and Mail, April 14, 2020. https://www.theglobeandmail.com/opinion/article-the-next-covid-19-crisis-canadas-cash-strapped-cities.
Matthews, Dylan. “Mitt Romney’s Coronavirus Economic Plan: $1,000 to Each American Adult.” Vox, March 16, 2020. https://www.vox.com/future-perfect/2020/3/16/21181872/mitt-romney-ubi-coronavirus-economic-plan-andrew-yang.