11. Jay, More Than Just a Game, 11–13.
12. Gilbert, A Cycle of Outrage, 1–10.
13. Jay, More Than Just a Game, 40–44; Sullivan, Rocky Marciano, 206.
14. Oshinsky, A Conspiracy So Immense, 132.
15. Elias, The Empire Strikes Out, 187–188.
16. Jay, More Than Just a Game, 54, 59.
17. Patterson, Grand Expectations, 79–81.
18. Angell, “Baseball—the Perfect Game,” 86; Creamer, Baseball and Other Matters in 1941, 5–6.
19. NYP, August 12, 1956.
20. TSN, July 4, 1956.
CHAPTER 1
1. For the speed of the ball, see Adair, The Physics of Baseball, 39–46; Fastball (Legendary Entertainment, 2015), written and directed by Jonathan Hock.
2. Williams and Underwood, The Science of Hitting, 1.
3. TSN, October 3, 1956, March 15, 1952.
4. Tim Kurkjian, “It’s Really Not Great to Be a Switch-Hitter,” ESPN The Magazine, September 3, 2010, http://www.espn.com/mlb/columns/story?columnist=kurkjian _tim&id=5524029.
5. Hall, Mickey Mantle, 1–58; Leavy, The Last Boy, 38–70; Castro, Mickey Mantle, 3–28.
6. “Community Assessment,” Miami Library Commerce files; Leavy, The Last Boy, 38–39.
7. For information about daily work in the mines, we thank Charles Duboise.
8. Leavy, The Last Boy, 40–43.
9. Mantle with Gluck, The Mick, 12.
10. Schoor, Mickey Mantle of the Yankees, 31.
11. Mickey Mantle as told to Ben Epstein, “How My Dad Made Me a Switch-Hitter,” RD, September 1956, 56.
12. Mantle with Gluck, The Mick, 7–8.
13. Mantle as told to Epstein, “How My Dad Made Me a Switch-Hitter,” 57.
14. Schoor, Mickey Mantle of the Yankees, 31.
15. For Mantle’s osteomyelitis, see Castro, Mickey Mantle, 25–27; Leavy, The Last Boy, 61–63; Hall, Mickey Mantle, 61–64,
16. Barra, Mickey and Willie, 98.
17. Mickey Mantle as told to Charles Dexter, “A Year I’ll Never Forget,” Sport, December 1951, 82.
18. Dexter, “A Year I’ll Never Forget,” 82; Schaap, Mickey Mantle, 50–51.
CHAPTER 2
1. Cramer, Joe DiMaggio, 296; WP, May 23, 1951; Halberstam, October 1964, 89.
2. Castro, Mickey Mantle, 54–55.
3. “What About DiMaggio Now?,” Sport, November 1950, 18; Jimmy Cannon, “The Joe DiMaggio I Remember,” Sport, September 1956, 65; NYT, December 12, 1951; Halberstam, Summer of ’49, 47.
4. “What About DiMaggio Now?,” 20; O’Toole, Strangers in the Bronx, 38.
5. Halberstam, Summer of ’49, 50–54.
6. TSN, March 14, 1951; Arch Murray, “Mickey Mantle: Gold Plated Rookie,” Sport, June 1951, 72; Cramer, Joe DiMaggio, 298–299.
7. Mantle with Gluck, The Mick, 44, 53; TSN, April 4, 1951.
8. TSN, April 4, 1951; Cramer, Joe DiMaggio, 301.
9. Dan Daniel, “Mickey Mantle,” BM, August 1951, 10; NYDM, March 20, 1951.
10. Schaap, Mickey Mantle, 53; Leavy, The Last Boy, 13–14.
11. TSN, April 25, 1951; Tim Cohane, “Mantle: Will He Become Game’s Greatest Switch Hitter?” BD, October 1952, 16.
12. “Mickey Makes It,” Life, April 30, 1951, 105; NYT, April 8, 1951; WP, April 3, 1951; Leavy, The Last Boy, 11.
13. O’Toole, Strangers in the Bronx, 27, 70; Tom Meany, “That Man Mantle,” Collier’s, June 2, 1951, 73.
14. “Mickey Makes It,” 105.
15. Mantle with Gluck, The Mick, 1, 59; TSN, April 25, 1951.
16. NYDM, April 5, 1951; Mantle with Gluck, The Mick, 56; Leavy, The Last Boy, 61–62.
17. Oakley, God’s Country, 83–88; Patterson, Grand Expectations, 225–228.
18. Creamer, Stengel, 244; NYT, April 12, 1951.
19. NYT, April 14, 1951.
20. NYDM, April 6; TSN, April 11, 1951; O’Toole, Strangers in the Bronx, 73–74; NYJA, April 14, 1951.
21. Cramer, Joe DiMaggio, 207–214.
22. For the conversation between Casey and Weiss, see Mantle with Gluck, The Mick, 1.
23. Stanley Frank, “Yankee Kingmaker,” SEP, July 24, 1948, 23; Tom Meany, “George Weiss—the Real Yankee Clipper,” Sport, December 1947, 16, 78.
24. Halberstam, Summer of ’49, 201–202; Mantle with Gluck, The Mick, 2.
25. White, Here Is New York, 19; Mantle et al., A Hero All His Life, 9; Mantle and Pepe, Mickey Mantle, 31.
26. John Steinbeck, “Autobiography: Making of a New Yorker,” NYTM, February 1, 1953, 27.
27. For Mantle’s memories of the Bronx in 1951, see Mantle with Gluck, The Mick, 61.
28. Mantle with Gluck, The Mick, 69–70; “Manhattan: City of Lights and Towers,” Time, March 28, 1955, 20–26; Brooks Atkinson, “This Is New York,” RD, November 1951, 35.
29. Meyer Berger, “Our Town: Open Letter to a Visitor,” NYTM, April 29, 1956, 9.
30. White, Here Is New York, 51–52.
31. Montville, The Big Bam, 124; Cramer, Joe DiMaggio, 78–96.
32. Noel Busch, “Joe DiMaggio: Baseball’s Most Sensational Big-League Star Starts What Should Be His Best Year So Far,” Life, May 1, 1939, 63, 69.
33. Gems, Sport and the Shaping of Italian-American Identity, 135–136.
34. Cramer, Joe DiMaggio, 100–102.
35. Halberstam, Summer of ’49, 14.
36. Gilbert Millstein, “Case History of a Rookie,” NYTM, June 3, 1951, 23; Murray, “Mickey Mantle: Gold-Plated Rookie,” 71.
37. Meany, “That Man Mantle,” 72.
38. Barra, Mickey and Willie, 158–159; O’Toole, Strangers in the Bronx, 116–117; Shirley Povich, “Mickey Mantle, Incorporated,” SEP, February 2, 1957, 19, 21, 72.
39. Mickey Mantle as told to Charles Dexter, “A Year I’ll Never Forget,” Sport, December 1951, 82.
40. Mantle with Gluck, The Mick, 61.
41. Castro, Mickey Mantle, 88–89.
42. TSN, July 25, 1951; Mantle with Gluck, The Mick, 64.
43. Mantle as told to Epstein, The Mickey Mantle Story, 66–67.
44. Schaap, Mickey Mantle, 75; Leavy, The Last Boy, 26.
45. The exchange between Mantle and Mutt is drawn from Mantle with Gluck, The Mick, 66–67; Schoor, Mickey Mantle of the Yankees, 92–93; Mantle as told to Epstein, The Mickey Mantle Story, 67–68; Mantle, The Quality of Courage, 6–7.
46. Castro, Mickey Mantle, 100.
47. NYT, August 21, 1951; TSN, August 29, 1951.
48. Unless otherwise noted, for Mantle’s collision with DiMaggio and subsequent injury during the 1951 World Series, see Harold Kaese, “Too Big a Mantle,” BD, January 1952, 81; Cramer, Joe DiMaggio, 300–301, 310–311; Leavy, The Last Boy, 32–35; Mantle with Herskowitz, All My Octobers, 6; Schoor, Mickey Mantle of the Yankees, 94–95; Mantle as told to Epstein, The Mickey Mantle Story, 76–77.
49. NYT, October 6, 1951; Tullius, I’d Rather Be a Yankee, 218.
50. Mantle with Herskowitz, All My Octobers, 8; Leavy, The Last Boy, 36; Mantle with Gluck, The Mick, 78.
51. Mantle with Gluck, The Mick, 78–79.
52. Mantle with Gluck, The Mick, 79.
CHAPTER 3
1. Leavy, The Last Boy, 72–73, 76–77, 104–105.
2. Mantle as told to Epstein, The Mickey Mantle Story, 82; NYT, December 1 and 5, 1951, February 23, 1952; Mantle with Gluck, The Mick, 78–79.
3. NYT, April 17, 1952; Leavy, The Last Boy, 77–78.
4. Mantle with Gluck, The Mick, 83–84.
5. Mantle with Gluck, The Mick, 83–84; Mantle et al., A Hero All His Life, 58.
6. Leavy, The Last Boy, 53; Mantle et al., A Hero All His Life, 54, 58.
7. Shirley Povich, “Can Yanks Lean on Mantle?” BD, March 1952, 55.
8. WP, July 4, 1952 (emphasis ours).
9. NYHT, October 7, 1952; NYP, October 7, 1952.
10. NYHT, October 8, 1952; World Series television broadcast, NBC, October 7, 1952.
11. WP, October 8, 1952.
12. WP, October 8, 1952; NYHT, October 8, 1952.
13. Leavy, The Last Boy, 85–89; WTH, April 18, 1953; WP, April 18, 1953.
14. Leavy, The Last Boy, 89; NYT, April 18, 1953.
15. WP, April 18, 1953; Barra, Mickey and Willie, 192–193.
16. Kahn, The Era, 165.
17. Kahn, The Era, 166.
18. Schaap, Mickey Mantle, 101; Schoor, Mickey Mantle of the Yankees, 123; NYT, April 19, 1953.
19. See Malamud, The Natural; Castro, Mickey Mantle, 37, 45; Ben Epstein, “What Manner of a Man Is Mantle?” Look, July 24, 1956, 31; Tom Meany, “Wham! Whoosh—Mantle’s Away!” Collier’s, July 4, 1953.
20. NYT, June 9, 1953; Charles Dexter, “Can Mickey Carry the Big Load?” BD, April 1953, 5–6; “Young Man on Olympus,” Time, June 15, 1953; Milton Gross, “New Pride of the Yankees,” Sport, April 1953, 75.
21. NYT, August 9, 1953, August 15, 1953; Barra, Mickey and Willie, 198.
22. Schaap, Mickey Mantle, 101; Leavy, The Last Boy, 104; Barra, Mickey and Willie, 198; Milton Gross, “Is Mantle Another Pete Reiser?” Sport, January 1954, 63.
23. Milton Gross, “Rebuilding the Mantle,” BD, January 1954, 24; Creamer, Stengel, 258.
24. Falkner, The Last Hero, 110.
25. Falkner, The Last Hero, 110.
26. Gross, “Is Mantle Another Reiser?” 63; Creamer, Stengel, 258.
27. Gross, “Is Mantle Another Reiser?” 63, 65; Joe Trimble, “The Yankees’ Troubled Ace,” SEP, April 18, 1953, 203.
28. Schaap, Mickey Mantle, 103–104; Leavy, The Last Boy, 104, 106–107; NYT, November 10, 1953, February 4, 1953.
29. Leavy, The Last Boy, 106.
30. Castro, Mickey Mantle, 126–127; Tullius, I’d Rather Be a Yankee, 219.
31. Leavy, The Last Boy, 114–115; Pennington, Billy Martin, 107; Mantle et al., A Hero All His Life, 60, 63; Jim Scott, “Billy Martin’s Story,” Sport, May 1954, 35–36.
32. Scott, “Billy Martin’s Story,” 36–37.
33. In Mickey Mantle: My Favorite Summer, 1956, Mantle mistakenly recalled that the hotel incident took place in 1956, but an article in Sport proves otherwise. See Mantle and Pepe, Mickey Mantle, 151–152; Scott, “Billy Martin’s Story,” 37.
34. Scott, “Billy Martin’s Story,” 37; Roger Kahn, “Why They Broke Up Billy Martin’s Gang,” Sport, October 1957, 21.
35. Leavy, The Last Boy, 115; Mantle with Gluck, The Mick, 108–111.
36. Mickey Mantle with Jill Lieber, “Time in a Bottle,” SI, April 18, 1994, 74, http://www.si.com/vault/1994/04/18/130871/time-in-a-bottle-after-42-years-of-alcohol-abuse-a-legendary-ballplayer-describes-his-life-of-self-destructive-behavior-and-hopes-his-recovery-will-finally-make-him-a-true-role-model.
37. Mantle with Gluck, The Mick, 117; Mantle with Lieber, “Time in a Bottle,” 74.
38. NYT, February 4, 1954; Leavy, The Last Boy, 118; Castro, Mickey Mantle, 132–133.
39. Creamer, Stengel, 259.
40. Halberstam, October 1964, 79–80; Falkner, The Last Hero, 107.
41. Barra, Mickey and Willie, 200.
42. NYT, February 27, 1955; WP, April 7, 1955.
43. Trimble, “The Yankees’ Troubled Ace,” 204.
44. Milton Gross, “They’ll Always Boo Mickey Mantle,” Sport, February 1956, 66.
45. Gross, “They’ll Always Boo Mickey Mantle,” 35.
46. Gross, “They’ll Always Boo Mickey Mantle,” 66.
47. Epstein, “What Manner of a Man Is Mantle?,” 27–28.
48. Gross, “They’ll Always Boo Mickey Mantle,” 67.
49. Gross, “They’ll Always Boo Mickey Mantle,” 67.
50. Franklin Lewis, “The Yankees Were Dis-Mantled,” BD, November–December 1955, 49–50.
51. Gross, “They’ll Always Boo Mickey Mantle,” 67.
52. Schoor, Mickey Mantle of the Yankees, 168–169.
53. Gerald Holland, “All Hail the Hero Mighty Mickey,” SI, March 4, 1957, 55.
54. Frank Graham, “Everybody Loves Yogi,” BD, January–February 1956, 60; Ed Fitzgerald, “The Fabulous Yogi Berra,” Sport, August 1951, 42–43, 70; Irv Goodman, “The Other Yogi Berra,” Sport, May 1958, 53.
55. Fitzgerald, “The Fabulous Yogi Berra,” 42.
56. Fitzgerald, “The Fabulous Yogi Berra,” 42; David Halberstam, “Baseball and the National Mythology,” Harper’s Magazine, September 1970, 25.
57. Holland, “All Hail the Hero Mighty Mickey,” 55.
58. Roger Kahn, “Oklahoma’s Mickey Mantle: Can the Young Yankee Beat the Babe?” Newsweek, June 25, 1956, 66–67 (emphasis in the original).
59. Roger Angell, “The Short Season,” New Yorker, April 13, 1968, 129; “It’ll Be Dodgers—and Yanks Again!” BD, April 1956, 20–21; TSN, April 18, 1956; WP, April 8, 1956; Dan Parker, “Baseball Forecast for 1956,” American Weekly, April 15, 1956, 6.
60. Ed Linn, “The Last Days of Brooklyn’s Old Gang,” Sport, October 1956, 54.
61. NYDN, March 3, 1956; NYT, March 31, 1956; NYP, March 21, 1956, March 28, 1956; Robert Creamer, “How to Do It Again,” SI, March 19, 1956, 22, 24.
62. “New York Yankees,” SI, April 9, 1956, 39.
63. Schoor, Mickey Mantle of the Yankees, 170–173; Mantle, My Batting Secret.
64. NYJA, March 21, 1956; NYDN, March 22, 1956.
65. WP, March 25, 1956; NYP, April 13, 1956.
CHAPTER 4
1. Gerald A. Behn to U. E. Baughman, chief of US Secret Service, Protective Security Report, April 13, 1956, US Treasury, Secret Service, Presidential Protection Unit: Papers, Box 5, Folder: 602.111 Griffith Stadium, National Archives, Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library.
2. George C. Rable, “Patriotism, Platitudes and Politics: Baseball and the American Presidency,” Presidential Studies Quarterly 19, no. 2 (spring 1989): 363; Kirsch, Baseball in Blue and Gray, 135.
3. TSN, April 18, 1956; Rable, “Patriotism, Platitudes and Politics,” 364.
4. Rable, “Patriotism, Platitudes and Politics,” 364–365.
5. TSN, April 18, 1956.
6. Rable, “Patriotism, Platitudes and Politics,” 368.
7. Franklin D. Roosevelt to Kenesaw Mountain Landis, January 15, 1942, in Inside the Baseball Hall of Fame, 97.
8. Rable, “Patriotism, Platitudes and Politics,” 369.
9. NYDM, April 18, 1956; NYJA, April 18, 1965; NYT, April 18, 1956.
10. NYDP, April 17, 1956; NYDN, April 18, 1956; NYDM, April 18, 1956.
11. NYDM, April 17, 1956.
12. NYDM, April 18, 1956; WP, April 18, 1956.
13. NYJA, April 18, 1956; NYP, April 18, 1956.
14. WP, April 18, 1956; NYJA, April 18, 1956; NYDM, April 19, 1956.
15. NYDM, April 19, 1956.
16. Rader, Baseball, 190; Tygiel, Past Time, 148–149.
17. Michael Bein, “A Graphic History of Baseball,” Michael Bein’s Home Plate, http://michaelbein.com/baseball.html.
18. Surdam, The Postwar Yankees, 89.
19. Rader, Baseball, 191–192.
20. Surdam, The Postwar Yankees, 87–90.
21. James Murray, “The Case for the Suffering Fan,” SI, August 20, 1956.
22. Murray, “The Case for the Suffering Fan.”
23. For stories on the weather, see “April Chill Kills Flowers—and Gates,” TSN, May 2, 1956; Joe King, “TV, Parking or Weather to Blame? Attendance Sags for Three N.Y. Clubs,” TSN, May 2, 1956.
24. Grantland Rice, “Is Baseball Afraid of Television?,” Sport, April 1951, 12–13, 90.
25. Halberstam, Summer of ’49, 233–135.
26. Roberts and Olson, Winning Is the Only Thing, 96; Dan Daniel, “TV Must Go—or Baseball Will!,” BM, November 1952, 6–7, 36–37.
27. NYDN, March 3, 1956; TSN, March 14, 1956; TSN, May 23, 1956.
28. NYHT, June 19, 1956.
29. Rader, Baseball, 191.
30. Sullivan, The Diamond in the Bronx, 102–104; Gonzalez, The Bronx, 1; NYT, J
uly 11, 1955 (emphasis in the original).
31. Creamer, Stengel, 282; Halberstam, October 1964, 231.
32. Rampersad, Jackie Robinson, 253.
33. Tygiel, Baseball’s Great Experiment, 295, 291.
34. Mantle with Gluck, The Mick, 123; Castro, Mickey Mantle, 129; telephone interview with Charles Duboise.
35. WP, October 14, 1953; Kahn, Boys of Summer, 164.
36. Tygiel, Baseball’s Great Experiment, 296–297; Halberstam, October 1964, 233–234; NYT, April 1, 1955.
37. Tygiel, Baseball’s Great Experiment, 288; NYT, April 1, 1955; Howard with Wimbush, Elston and Me, 39.
38. TSN, September 19, 1956; Roger Kahn, “The Ten Years of Jackie Robinson,” Sport, October 1955, 77.
39. “Are There Too Many Negroes in Baseball?,” Our World, August 1954, 43; John Lardner, “The Old Emancipator—II,” Newsweek, April 9, 1956, 84.
40. DFP, June 20, 1995.
41. Jerome Weidman, “Nobody Goes to the Bronx,” Holiday, October 1955, 58–59.
42. Riess, Touching Base, 108.
43. Stout, Yankees Century, 97.
44. Frommer, New York City Baseball, 126–127; Stout, Yankees Century, 104–105; Frommer, Remembering Yankee Stadium, 5–6; Weintraub, The House That Ruth Built, 29.
45. Margolick, Beyond Glory, 7.
46. NYHT, April 21, 1956.
47. NYJA, April 21, 1956.
48. NYDM, April 21, 1956; NYHT, April 21, 1956.
49. NYDM, April 21, 1956.
50. NYDM, April 21, 1956; NYHT, April 21, 1956.
51. NYDM, April 22, 1956; NYWTS, April 24, 1956.
52. NYP, April 24, 1956, April 25, 1956, April 28, 1956.
53. Lipsyte, SportsWorld, 170.
54. Berkow, Red, 98; Holtzman, No Cheering in the Press Box, 259.
55. Holtzman, No Cheering in the Press Box, 259.
CHAPTER 5
1. Ribowsky, The Complete History of the Home Run, 3–58.
2. Bryson, One Summer, 124.
3. Marshall Smelser, “The Babe on Balance,” American Scholar, Spring 1975, 301.
4. For Babe Ruth’s 1927 season, see Creamer, Babe, 307–310; Montville, The Big Bam, 252–259; Smelser, The Life That Ruth Built, 346–357; William Nack, “The Colossus,” SI, August 24, 1998, http://www.si.com/vault/1998/08/24/247910/the-colossus-in-the-late-summer-of-1927-babe-ruth-who-died-50-years-ago-this-week-went-on-a-historic -home-run-hitting-spree-to-set-the-record-that-would-seal-his-immortality; Bryson, One Summer, 353–354, 410–412, 419–424.
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