White Like Her

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White Like Her Page 29

by Gail Lukasik


  2.

  Richard Stringfield, Le Pays de Fleurs Oranges (Plaquemines Parish, Louisiana: Gateway Press, 1989).

  3.

  Jerah Johnson, “Colonial New Orleans,” Creole New Orleans Race and Americanization, ed. Arnold R. Hirsh and Joseph Logsdon (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press), 42.

  4.

  Kimberly S. Hanger, Bounded Lives, Bounded Places: Free Black Society in Colonial New Orleans, 1769–1803 (Durham & London: Duke University Press, 1997), 104–105.

  5.

  Martin, “Plaçage,”68.

  6.

  “Faubourg Marigny,” Wikipedia, accessed August 2015, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faubourg_Marigny#cite_note-7

  7.

  Dean Reynolds, “History of Faubourg Marigny,” Improvement Faubourg Marigny Association, 2015, accessed August 2015, http://www.faubourgmarigny.org/ZZ_history_fm.htm

  8.

  Reynolds, “History of Faubourg Marigny.”

  9.

  Paul F. Lachance, “The Foreign French,” in Creole of New Orleans: Race and Americanization, ed. Arnold R. Hirsch and Joseph Logsdon (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press), 105.

  10.

  LaChance, “The Foreign French,” 112.

  11.

  William J. Bromwell, History of Immigration in the United States, Exhibiting the Number, Sex, Age, Occupation, and Country of Birth, Passengers Arriving in the United States by Sea from Foreign Countries, from September 30, 1819 to December 31, 1855 (Redfield: N.Y., 1856), 1–101.

  12.

  Carl A. Brasseaux, The Foreign French: Nineteenth Century French Immigration into Louisiana, Volume 1 1820–1839 (Center for Louisiana Studies: University of Southwestern Louisiana, 1990), xxii.

  13.

  Brasseaux, The Foreign French, xxii.

  14.

  Brasseaux, The Foreign French, xxiii.

  15.

  “Enterprise on the Water,” Smithsonian National Museum of American History, accessed August 2015, http://americanhistory.si.edu/onthewater/exhibition/2_3.html

  16.

  David Herr, “Intermarriage,” in Compiled Edition of the Civil Code of Louisiana XVI, ed. Joseph Dainow, 55.

  19: Interracial Marriage Hidden

  1.

  Hobbs, A Chosen Exile, 129.

  2.

  “Loving v. Virginia,” Black Culture Connection, PBS/WYCC.

  3.

  Nella Larsen, Passing, (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1929).

  4.

  Toni Morrison, God Help the Child, (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2015).

  21: Hiding in Plain Sight

  1.

  Al Andrews, “Parma is Unchallenged as Fastest Growing in U.S.,” Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 1, 1956.

  2.

  The Cleveland Historical Team, “Hough,” Cleveland Historical, accessed December 2015, http://clevelandhistorical.org/items/show/7.

  25: Marta

  1.

  Lawrence Powell, The Accidental City: Improvising New Orleans (Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 2012), 285.

  2.

  Powell, The Accidental City, 119.

  3.

  Powell, The Accidental City, 53.

  4.

  Powell, The Accidental City, 262.

  5.

  Gwendolyn Midlo Hall, Africans in Colonial Louisiana: The Development of Afro-Creole Culture in the Eighteenth Century (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1992), 31.

  6.

  Powell, The Accidental City, 228.

  7.

  Powell, The Accidental City, 75–76.

  8.

  Delia Garlic, Voices From Slavery 100 Authentic Slave Narratives, ed. Norman R. Yetman (NY: Dover Publication, 2000), 133.

  9.

  Fannie Moore, Voices From Slavery 100 Authentic Slave Narratives, ed. Norman R. Yetman (NY: Dover Publication, 2000), 228.

  10.

  Gehman, The Free People of Color, 12.

  11.

  Michael T. Pasquier, “Code Noir of Louisiana,” KnowLA Encyclopedia of Louisiana. ed. David Johnson, Louisiana Endowment for the Humanities, 6 January 2011, accessed November 2015, http://knowla.org/entry/742/.

  12.

  Powell, The Accidental City,117.

  13.

  Powell, The Accidental City, 85.

  14.

  Harriet Jacobs, “Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl,” Written by Herself, Slave Narratives, ed. William L. Andrews and Henry Louis Gates, Jr.; ed. L. Maria Child (1861) (NY: The Library of America, 2000), 794.

  15.

  Glenn Conrad, The German Coast: Abstracts of the Civil Records of St. Charles and St. John the Baptist Parishes 1804–1812 (Louisiana: University of Southwestern Louisiana, 1981), No. 52, 10-6-08, 68–71.

  16.

  Conrad, The German Coast, No. 1479, 2-21-98, 294.

  17.

  Gehman, The Free People of Color, 12.

  18.

  Jacobs, “Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl,” 797.

  19.

  Jacobs, “Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl,” 801.

  20.

  Jacobs, “Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl,” 823.

  21.

  Hanger, Bounded Lives, Bounded Places, 100.

  27: Who’s Your Daddy?

  1.

  Lawrence J. Lachance, “French ‘dit’ Names,” 1996–2016, accessed November 2015, http://www.lachance.org/dit.html.

  2.

  AnnMarie Gilin-Dodson, GenWeekly, “What is a Dit Name and Why Is It Important to Family History?” 2009, accessed November 2015, http://www.genealogytoday.com/articles/reader.mv?ID=2913.

  3.

  David Hardcastle, “Swiss Mercenary Soldiers in the Service of France in Louisiana,” in The Louisiana Purchase Bicentennial Series in Louisiana History: The French Experience in Louisiana, Vol. 1, ed. Glenn R. Conrad (Louisiana: University of Southwestern Louisiana, 1995), 369.

  4.

  Hardcastle, “Swiss Mercenary Soldiers,” 370.

  5.

  Hardcastle, “Swiss Mercenary Soldiers,” 370.

  6.

  Hardcastle, “Swiss Mercenary Soldiers,” 374.

  28: Luison Santilly: Metisse

  1.

  Powell, The Accidental City, 116.

  2.

  Stephen Webre, “The Problem of Indian Slavery in Spanish Louisiana, 1769–1803,” in The Louisiana Purchase Bicentennial Series in Louisiana History: The Spanish Experience in Louisiana, Vol. 1, ed. Glenn R. Conrad (Louisiana: University of Southwestern 1995), 353.

  3.

  Webre, “The Problem of Indian Slavery,” 356.

  4.

  Powell, The Accidental City, 338.

  5.

  Webre, “The Problem of Indian Slavery,” 362.

  6.

  Hanger, Bounded Lives, Bounded Places, 15.

  7.

  Anthony G. Barthelemy, “Light, Bright, Damn Near White: Race, and the Politics of Genealogy, and the Strange Case of Susie Guillory” in Creole: The History and Legacy of Louisiana’s Free People of Color, ed. Sybil Kein (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2000), 259.

  8.

  Powell, The Accidental City, 333.

  9.

  John C. Rodrigue, “Slavery in French Colonial Louisiana,” KnowLA Encyclopedia of Louisiana, ed. David Johnson, Louisiana Endowment for the Humanities, 11 March 2014, accessed November 2015, http://www.knowla.org/entry/1424/.

  10.

  Jennifer Spear, “Indian Women, French Women, and the Regulation of Sex” Race, Sex, and Social Order in Early New Orleans(Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins Press, 2009), 24.

  11.

  Donald H. Unser, Jr., “American Indians in Colonial New Orleans,” The Louisiana Purchase Bicentennial Series in Louisiana History: Volume II The Spanish Experience in Louisiana 1763–1803, ed. Glenn R. Conrad (Louisiana: University of Southwestern Louisiana, 1995), 298.

  12.
r />   Gwendolyn Midlo Hall, Africans in Colonial Louisiana: The Development of Afro-Creole Culture in the Eighteenth Century (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1992), 57.

  13.

  Spear, “Indian Women,” 163.

  14.

  Stephen Webre, “Indian Slavery,” KnowLA Encyclopedia of Louisiana, ed. David Johnson, Louisiana Endowment for the Humanities, 23 November 2010, accessed December 2015, http://www.knowla.org/entry/801/

  32: Let Sleeping Dogs Lie

  1.

  “Beta Thalassemia,” MedicineNet.com, 19 May 2015, accessed September 2015, http://www.medicinenet.com/beta_thalassemia/page2.htm.

 

 

 


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