by Steve Volk
Stuart H. Hameroff, “The Entwined Mysteries of Anesthesia and Consciousness: Is There a Common Underlying Mechanism?” Anesthesiology 105 (2006): 400–412.
G. A. Mashour, “Integrating the Science of Consciousness and Anesthesia,” Anesthesia and Analgesia 103 (2006): 975–82.
G. A. Mashour, “The Cognitive Binding Problem: From Kant to Quantum Neurodynamics,” NeuroQuantology 1 (2004): 29–38.
Stuart Hameroff, Ultimate Computing (Elsevier Science, 1987) can be downloaded for free: http://www.quantumconsciousness.org/ultimatecomputing.html
Jordan Goodman and Vivien Walsh, The Story of Taxol: Nature and Politics in the pursuit of an anti-cancer drug, (2001): 90.
P. Drabik et Al., “Microtubule Stability Studied by Three-Dimensional Molecular Theory of Solvation,” Biophysical Journal 92, 2 (2007): 394–403.
J. Fabera et al., “Information Processing in Brain Microtubules,” BioSystems 83 (2006): 1–9.
Stuart Hameroff and Richard C. Watt, “Information Processing in Microtubules,” Journal of Theoretical Biology 98 (1982): 549–61. Author’s note: This is where references to The Emperor’s New Mind are most prevalent—see earlier note for Penrose, Emperor’s.
David H. Freedman, “Quantum Consciousness,” Discover (June 1994): 89–98.
Thanks to physicists Jack Tuszynski and Jim Trolinger for vetting my write-up of the (very) basics of quantum physics.
H. Schmidt et al., “Channeling Evidence for a PK Effect to Independent Observers,” Journal of Parapsychology 50 (March 1986): 1–15. Author’s note: Schmidt claims his tests suggest the role of a conscious observer—a human being—are necessary to collapse the quantum wave function.
A. Aspect, “Experiments on Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen-type Correlations with Pairs of Visible Photons,” Quantum Concepts in Space and Time (1986).
Vincent Jacques, E. Wu, Frdric Grosshans, Franois Treussart, Philippe Grangier, Alain Aspect, Jean-Franois Roch, “Experimental Realization of Wheeler’s Delayed-Choice Experiment,” Science 315 (2007): 5814.
“Copenhagen Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics,” Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Author’s note: I found this relatively brief account particularly clear. It can be found at http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/qm-copenhagen/.
“ManyWorlds Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics,” Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/qm-manyworlds/#6.4.
Peter Byrne, “The Many Worlds of Hugh Everett,” Scientific American (December 2007), accessed October 26, 2010, http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=hugh-everett-biography
Max Tegmark, “The Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics, Many Worlds or Many Words,” Fortschritte der Physik 46 (1998): 855–62.
Tim Radford, “David Deutsch’s MultiVerse Carries Us Beyond the Realms of Imagination,” Guardian, June 11, 2010.
R. Courtland, “Infinite Doppelgängers May Explain Quantum Probabilities,” New Scientist, August 26, 2010.
Jim Elvidge, The Universe—Solved! (AT Press, 2008): 35–36.
Frank J. Tipler, The Physics of Immortality (Anchor Books, 1995): 170–71.
Author’s note: The references located immediately above contain further information on the Raub poll, but to ascertain the depth of Hawking’s commitment to a manyworlds or multiverse theory (I write a because there are variations), one need look no further than his recent book, The Grand Design (Bantam, 2010).
Richard Feynman, QED: The Strange Theory of Light and Matter (Princeton Univ. Press, 1988): 5.
Einstein, in a letter to physicist Max Born, 1924, in F. Shapiro and J. Epstein, Yale Book of Quotations (Yale Univ. Press, 2006): 228.
Max Born and Albert Einstein, The Born-Einstein Letters 1916–1955 (Macmillan, 2004): 80.
Victor Stenger, “Quantum Quackery,” Skeptical Inquirer 21, no. 1 (January/February 1997), accessed October 30, 2010, http://www.csicop.org/si/show/quantum_quackery
Stuart Hameroff, “Naughty Quantum Robot,” http://www.quantumconsciousness.org/interviews/objectmonkey.html
Stuart Hameroff and Roger Penrose, “Orchestrated Reduction of Quantum Coherence in Brain Microtubules: A Model for Consciousness?” Toward a Science of Consciousness—The First Tucson Discussions and Debates (MIT Press, 1996): 507–40.
Max Tegmark, “Importance of Quantum Coherence in Brain Processes,” Physical Review E 61 (2000): 4194–206.
S. Hagan et al., “Quantum Computation in Brain Microtubules: Decoherence and Biological Feasibility,” Physical Review E 65 (2002): DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevE.65.061901.
Rick Grush and Patricia Churchland, “Gaps in Penrose’s Toilings,” Journal of Consciousness Studies 2, no. 1 (1995): 10–29.
Patricia Churchland, “Brainshy: Nonneural Theories of Conscious Experience,” Toward a Science of Consciousness II: The Second Tucson Discussions and Debates (MIT Press, 1998): 109–24.
Roger Penrose and Stuart Hameroff, “Gaps, What Gaps? Reply to Grush and Churchland,” Journal of Consciousness Studies 2, no. 2 (1995): 99–112.
Stuart Hameroff, “More Neural Than Thou (A Reply to Patricia Churchland),” Toward a Science of Consciousness II: The Second Tucson Discussions and Debates (MIT Press, 1998): 197–213.
Author’s note: I am well aware that there are more papers than the ones mentioned that discuss the Penrose-Hameroff model for consciousness. But reading over the back-and-forth between Hameroff and his opponents, it seems the matter remains open. My own take is that when Penrose himself turns back to this theory and reviews all that has happened since he put it forward, some real action will commence.
Brian Greene, Fabric of the Cosmos (Vintage, 2004): 351.
Lisa Randall and Art Bell, Interview, Coast to Coast A.M., February 25, 2006.
Mark Buchanan, “Do Birds See with Quantum Eyes?” New Scientist (May, 3, 2008), accessed October 30, 2010, http://www.newscientist.com/article/mg19826544.000-do-birds-see-with-quantum-eyes.html
“Quantum Biology Has Come In from the Cold,” editorial, New Scientist (February 2010), accessed October 30, 2010, http://www.newscientist.com/article/mg20527462.500-quantum-biology-has-come-in-from-the-cold.html
Gregory S. Engel et al., “Evidence for Wavelike Energy Transfer Through Quantum Coherence in Photosynthetic Systems,” Nature 446 (April 2007): 782–86.
A. Zeilinger, “Quantum Interference Experiments with Large Molecules,” American Journal of Physics 71, no. 4, (2003): 319–25.
M. Arndt et al., “Quantum Physics Meets Biology,” HFSP Journal, 3, no. 6 (December 2009): 386–400.
J. C. Brookes et al., “Could Humans Recognize Odor by Phonon Assisted Tunneling?” Physical Review Letters (2007): 98.
Geoff Brumfiel, “Scientists Supersize Quantum Mechanics: Largest Ever Object Put into Quantum State,” Nature (March 2010), accessed October 30, 2010, http://www.nature.com/news/2010/100317/full/news.2010.130.html
J. R. Minkel, “Is Sense of Smell Powered by Quantum Vibrations? Controversial theory Gets Green Light from Physicists,” Scientific American (December 15, 2006), accessed October 30, 2010, http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=is-sense-of-smell-powered
Elio Conte et al., “On the Existence of Quantum Wave Function and Quantum Interference Effects in Mental States: An Experimental Confirmation during Perception and Cognition in Humans,” NeuroQuantology 7, no 2. (2009), accessed October 26, 2010, arxiv.org/pdf/0807.4547.
E. Conte, “Mental States Follow Quantum Mechanics During Perception and Cognition of Ambiguous Figures,” Open Systems and Information Dynamics 16, no. 1 (2009): 85–100.
F. Beck, “Quantum Aspects of Brain Activity and the Role of Consciousness,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Science 89 (1992):11357–361.
F. T. Arechhi, “Chaotic Neuron Dynamics, Synchronization, and Feature Binding: Quantum Aspects,” Mind and Matter 1, no. 1 (2004): 15–43.
Mario Livio, “The Golden Ratio and Aesthetics,” Plus 22 (November 2002), October 26, 2010. http://plus.maths.org/issue22/features/gol
den/
R. Coldea, “Quantum Criticality in an Ising Chain: Experimental Evidence for Emergent E8 Symmetry,” Science 327, no. 5962 (January 8, 2010): 177–80.
“Golden Ratio Discovered in Quantum World: Hidden Symmetry Observed for the First Time in Solid State Matter,” Science Daily, January 7, 2010, accessed October 26, 2010, http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/01/100107143909.htm
D. A. Baylor, “Responses of Retinal Rods to Single Photons,” Journal of Physiology 288, (1979): 613–34.
S. Hecht, “Energy, Quanta and Vision,” Journal of General Physiology 25 (1942): 891–940.
J. Roebke, “The Reality Tests,” Seed (June 2008): 50–59.
“Spooky Action and Beyond,” Sign and Sight, February 16, 2006, accessed October 30, 2010, http://www.signandsight.com/features/614.html
“Talking Physics with the Dalai Lama,” Physics World, August 7, 1998, accessed October 30, 2010, http://physicsworld.com/cws/article/news/3186
A. Zajonc, ed. The New Physics and Cosmology, Dialogues with the Dalai Lama (Oxford Univ. Press, 2004): 11–30.
Thomas Campbell, My Big Toe (Lightning Strike Books, 2003).
B. Rosenblum and F. Kuttner, Quantum Enigma (Oxford Univ. Press, 2006): 6–7, 156–57, 183–208.
Hans Peter Dürr, “Matter Is Not Made Out of Matter,” Endogenous Development and Biocultural Diversity (Compas, 2007): 45–55. Author’s note: The depth of disagreement among physicists—never mind mystics—is perhaps best realized by perusing this talk, given by German physicist Hans Peter Dürr, a student of Werner Heisenbrg, and former executive director at the prestigious Max Planck Institute. Dürr, like Zeilinger, believes quantum mechanics might ultimately force us to a completely new understanding of reality; to him, that answer lies beyond materialism.
Roger Penrose, Email, December 2009.
“Professor Sir Roger Penrose,” British Humanist Association, accessed October 26, 2010, http://www.humanism.org.uk/about/people/distinguished-supporters/roger-penrose-frs
David Chalmers, “Facing Up to the Problem of Consciousness,” Toward a Science of Consciousness (MIT Press, 1996): 5–28.
D. D. Hoffman, “Conscious Realism and the Mind-Body Problem,” Mind & Matter 6, no. 1 (2008): 87–121.
David Chalmers, Interview, November 2009.
A. Marshall Stoneham, Email, March 2009.
Arnaud Delorme, Interview, March 2010.
Daniel Dennett, Consciousness Explained (Little Brown, 1991).
Susan Blackmore, Conversations on Consciousness (Oxford Univ. Press, 2005): 79–82, 116–17.
Nancy Woolf, Interview, February 2010.
Jack Tuszynski, Interview, February 2010.
CHAPTER 4: BLAZING SADDLES
Jewel, “Stephenville, TX,” Goodbye Alice in Wonderland, CD (Atlantic, 2009).
Lee Roy Gaitan, Interview, September 2009.
Tarleton State Univ., accessed October 27, 2010, http://www.tarleton.edu/about/Stephenville.html
Angelia Joiner, “Japan Interested in U.F.O. Sighting,” Stephenville EmpireTribune, January 25, 2008. Author’s note: The EmpireTribune’s articles are available behind a pay wall at http://www.empiretribune.com/.
Following is a selection of videos that attest to the media attention Stephenville received, accessed October 27, 2010.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dqdX-iwk5Mc
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kPBmeX6pBgI&feature=related
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gBhjmf2JSuA&feature=related
Denise Gellene, “How UFOs Took Over a Town,” Los Angeles Times, June 14, 2008, accessed October 30, 2010, http://articles.latimes.com/2008/jun/14/science/sci-ufo14
Sara Vanden Berge, Interview, April 2009.
Steve Allen, Interviews, September 2009, August 2010.
Weather data (hourly) obtained from Weather Warehouse, an online historical weather site, accessed October 30, 2010, http://weather-warehouse.com/
Angelia Joiner, Interview, August, September, and November 2009.
Glen Schulze and Robert Powell, “Special Research Report, Stephenville, Texas,” MUFON, (July 2008): 6–7, 33–34.
Angelia Joiner, “Possible U.F.O Sighting,” Stephenville EmpireTribune, January 10, 2008.
Rick Sorrells, Interview, September 2009.
Angelia Joiner, “Dozens in Texas Town Report Seeing U.F.O.,” Stephenville EmpireTribune, January 14, 2008.
Angelia Joiner, “Three Erath County Lawmen Observe ‘One Big Craft,’ ” The Stephenville Lights, March 30, 2008, accessed November 1 2010, http://stephenvillelights.com/slnews_article005.html
Angelia Joiner, “Stephenville UFO Is Viewed by Former Protector of Texas Governors,” The Stephenville Lights, February 28, 2008, http://stephenvillelights.com/slnews_article004.html
Angelia Joiner, “All Eyes on the Skies,” Stephenville EmpireTribune, January 13, 2008.
Alejandro Rojas, Former Director of Public Education, MUFON, Interview, July 2009.
Robert Powell, Director of Research, MUFON, Interviews, July, August, and October 2009.
Jane Pratt, “UFO Reports Bring a Few Good-Natured Laughs,” Abilene ReporterNews, January 16, 2008, accessed November 1, 2010, http://www.reporternews.com/news/2008/Jan/16/ufo-reports-bring-a-few-good-natured-laughs/
Bill Radke, “A Sighting in Stephenville,” American Public Radio, January 26, 2008, November 1, 2010. http://weekendamerica.publicradio.org/display/web/2008/01/25/ufo/
July Danley, President/CEO Stephenville Chamber of Commerce, Interview, September 2009.
Treva Thompson, then-Marketing and Tourism Dir., Stephenville Chamber of Commerce, Interview, September 2009.
Craig Shelburne, “Jewel, Ty Murray, Live the Small Town Life,” CMT News, May 30, 2006.
Matt Copeland, Co-owner, Barefoot Athletics, Interview, September 2009.
Katy Copeland, Barefoot Athletics, Interview, September 2009.
Christopher O’Brien, Secrets of the Mysterious Valley (Adventures Unlimited Press, 2007): 322–38.
Jean Edwards, Interview, December 2009.
George Edwards, Interview, December 2009.
Bruce Maccabee, Interview, November 2009.
Brian Dunning, “The Rendlesham Forest UFO,” Skeptoid, January 6, 2009, accessed November 1, 2010, http://skeptoid.com/episodes/4135
Michael Shermer, How We Believe (Henry Holt, 2000): 172–73, 202–6.
Philip J. Klass, “Plasma Theory May Explain Many UFOs,” Aviation Week and Space Technology (August 22, 1966): 48.
Philip J. Klass, “Many UFOs Are Identified as Plasmas,” Aviation Week and Space Technology (October 3, 1966): 54.
Philip J. Klass, UFOs Identified (Random House, 1968).
Martin Shough, “A Social History of Ball Lightning,” Magonia (May 2003), accessed November 1, 2010, http://magonia.haaan.com/2010/balllightning/
M. Stenhoff, Ball Lightning: An Unsolved Problem in Atmospheric Physics (Springer, 1999).
Brian Dunning, “Ball Lightning,” Skeptoid, February 9, 2010, accessed November 1, 2010, http://skeptoid.com/episodes/4192
Philip J. Klass, “Spaceships or Mirages over Washington National Airport, 1952?” The Klass Files, The Skeptics UFO Newsletter, Skeptical Inquirer, July 1, 1998, accessed November 1, 2010, http://www.csicop.org/specialarticles/show/klass_files_volume_52/
James E. McDonald, “Comments of a Researcher: Case 5. Washington National Airport,” July 19 and 26, 1952, accessed November 1, 2010, http://www.nicap.org/wnsmcd.htm
J. McDonald, “UFOs—An International Scientific Problem, Paper Presented at the Canadian Aeronautics and Space Institute Astronautics Symposium, Montreal, Canada,” March 12, 1968, accessed November 1, 2010, http://www.ufologie.net/htm/mcdonaldca.htm
Jerome Clark, The UFO Book: Encyclopedia of the Extraterrestrial (Visible Ink Press, 2007): 660–62.
J. Moseley, ed., “More About the Late Phil Klass,” Saucer Smear 52, no. 9, October 20, 2005.
James Randi, Flim-Flam! (Prometheus Books, 19
82):72–73.
Ronald D. Story, The Encyclopedia of Extraterrestrial Encounters (New American Library, 2001): 444–46, 624–26.
Larry King clip, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wSkXYmExOnA
Edward de Bono, I Am Right, You Are Wrong (Penguin, 1991): 22–30.
I. J. Good, The Scientist Speculates (Basic Books, 1963): 15.
David Jones, “Thoughts That Go Pop in the Night,” The Age, January 13, 1986.
W. Platt, “The Relation of the Scientific ‘Hunch’ to Research,” Journal of Chemical Education (October 1931): 1969–2002.
Peter Hessler, Oracle Bones (HarperCollins, 2006): 138–47.
Michio Kaku, “Prof Michio Kaku on the Science Behind UFOs and Time Travel,” Telegraph U.K., March 20, 2008, accessed November 1, 2010, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/science-news/3337049/Prof-Michio-Kaku-on-thescience-behind-UFOs-and-time-travel.html
GERM books, UFO Awareness Day, Philadelphia, PA, July 2009.
Wade Goodwyn, “Air Force Alters Texas UFO Explanation,” National Public Radio, January 24, 2008, accessed October 26, 2010. http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=18375952
Jeffrey Weiss, “Texas UFO Mystery Solved?” Dallas Morning News, January 24, 2008, accessed October 26, 2010, http://www.dallasnews.com/sharedcontent/dws/news/localnews/stories/DN-ifos_24met.ART.North.Edition1.3787cf0.html
Angela Brown, “F–16s Were in Area Where UFO Reported,” January 23, 2008.
M. Jones, “Report Fuels Spy Plane Theories,” BBC News, June 14, 2006, accessed November 1, 2010, http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/newsnight/5079044.stm
D. Thompson, “What Do the UFO Files Reveal?” Telegraph U.K., August 5, 2010, accessed November 1, 2010, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/howaboutthat/ufo/7927676/What-do-the-UFO-files-reveal.html
J. Grimston, “Is That a Flying Saucer? No, It’s a Stealth Bomber,” Sunday Times, March 22, 2009, accessed November 1, 2010, http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/uk/article5950460.ece
Wade Goodwyn, “Dozens Claim They Spotted UFO in Texas,” National Public Radio, January 16, 2008, accessed November 1, 2010, http://www.npr.org/player/v2/mediaPlayer.html?action=1&t=1&islist=false&id=18146244&m=18159586