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INDEX
1st Belorussian Front 756
1st Panzer Army 629, 632
1st Ukrainian Front 756
1st US Army 737, 760
2nd Army 450, 454, 658
2nd Belorussian Front 756
2nd Panzer Army 454
3rd Belorussian Front 756
3rd Panzer Army 442, 647
3rd US Army 744, 788
3rd White Russian Front 738
4th Army 450, 758
4th Army (Romanian) 543
4th Panzer Army 442, 544, 545, 617, 793
5th Panzer Army 741, 744
6th Army 465, 530, 531, 537, 543, 544, 545, 547–54, 772
6th Panzer Army 747, 757, 787
6th SS Panzer Army 741, 743–4
7th Airborne Division 170–1
7th Army 638
7th Army (French) 542
8th Army 78
8th Army (British) 523, 535, 538, 540, 600
8th Army (Italian) 546
9th Army 531, 580, 647, 788, 793, 802, 805, 808, 809, 813, 814, 815, 826
10th Panzer Division 668
11th Army 514, 531
12th Army 366, 805, 809
17th Army 465
18th Army 359, 408
48th Panzer Corps 543
56th Panzer Corps 808
57th Panzer Corps 545
101st Airborne Division 744
Aachen 703, 737, 742
A4 rocket 622, 645
Aalborg aerodrome 288
Abetz, Otto 322, 475, 541
Abruzzi 602
Absberg, Franconia 426
Abwehr (military intelligence) 90, 157, 217, 262, 268, 269, 270, 271, 655, 659, 661, 667, 676
Abyssinian crisis 4, 23, 24, 25, 65
Adam, General Wilhelm 98, 103, 106, 107
Adlerhorst (Eagle’s Eyrie) (‘Führer Headquarters’), Ziegenberg 742, 756, 768
Adlon Hotel, Berlin 170
Admiral Scheer (cruiser) 43
Africa 405, 423
Afrika Korps 540, 546, 586
agriculture 162, 186, 187
Air Ministry, Berlin 7
‘Aktion Reinhard’ 484, 603
‘Alarich’ plans 594
Albania: annexation of 193; Italian military setbacks 364
Albrecht, NSKK-Oberführer Alwin-Broder 797
Albritton, David 7
Alexandria 524
Algiers 539
Almería, shelling of (1937) 43–4
Alsace 315, 323, 744, 747
Alsace-Lorraine 664
Altmark 287
Alvensleben, Ludolf von 231, 242–3
Amann, Max 299
Amerika (H’s special armoured train) 294, 365
Amsterdam 590
Andalusia 15
Anglo-German Society 378
Anschluß xviii, 44, 45, 64–86, 147, 224; and Austrian plebiscites 65; a defining moment in the Third Reich 64, 83; Einsatzgruppen (task forces) 241, 246; legal framework 78–9, 80; provides the impetus to radicalization 64; a watershed for H 83, 92, 94
anti-clericalism 39–40
Anti-Comintern Pact (1936) 27, 158, 420
antisemitism: in the armed forces 147, 360; and Bolshevism 389; Der ewige Jude 249; first wave (1933) 131, 148; Goebbels plans to rid Berlin of Jews 133–4, 135; and pogroms 137; second wave (1935) 131, 148; suppressed during the Berlin Olympics 5, 9; third wave of antisemitic violence (1938) 131–6; widespread in Germany xliii; see also Hitler, Adolf: antisemitism; Jews
Antonescu, Marshal 332, 383–4, 581, 582, 584, 626, 723
Antwerp 722, 731, 737, 741
Anzio 625
apartheid 251
Appenines 601, 638, 719
Arabia 189
Ardennes 290, 291, 295, 731; the offensive 685, 732, 737, 738, 740, 741–7, 756, 757, 760, 777, 779
aristocracy: Junker xviii; support of H’s regime xv
Army Group A 290, 291, 296, 529–33, 544, 545,630
Army Group Β (later Army Group Centre) 291, 358, 529, 530, 534, 537, 544, 660, 792
Army Group Centre (previously Army Group B) 358, 394, 407–15, 418, 419, 435, 436, 437, 442, 450, 451, 453, 466–7, 531, 596, 617, 646, 649, 658, 659, 661, 667, 670, 721, 758, 802, 815, 835
Army Group Command 2 98
Army Group Don 544
Army Group North 408, 411, 412, 413, 435, 451, 455, 617, 650
Army Group North Ukraine 630, 649
Army Group South 346, 407, 410, 412, 413, 435, 441, 444, 451, 524, 529, 599, 616, 617, 618
Army Group South Ukraine 630, 723
Army Group Vistula 758, 759, 779, 782, 787, 802, 818
Army High Command headquarters, Zossen 262, 268, 270, 271, 278
Arnhem 723, 726
Arnim, Colonel-General Hans-Jürgen von 581
Arrow Cross 734, 735, 736
‘aryanization’ of the economy xliii, 22, 42, 43, 131, 146
Ashton-Gwatkin, Frank 109
Asia 400, 403, 416, 423, 440, 517
Asia Minor 530
Astakhov, Georgei 196
Astrakhan 529, 536–7
Athens 366
Atlantic Gap 585
Atlantic Ocean 416, 523, 585, 717
Atlas (H’s special train) 307
Attila the Hun xvii
Attolico, Bernardo 120–1, 122, 214, 218–19
Aufbau-Ost (Build-Up in the East) 307
Aufschwung (revival) 8
Augsburg 38, 369
Augsburg region 764
Auschwitz-Birkenau extermination camp 483, 493, 520, 604, 628, 736, 749, 767–8
Auslandsorganisation (AO; Foreign Countries’ Organization) 14, 15, 376
Austria: agreement with Germany (July 1936) 4, 24, 25, 45, 66, 67; Anschlué xviii, 44, 45, 64–86; and Czechoslovakia 84; Dollfuß assassinated 65, 66; ‘Eastern Marches (Ostmark) of the German People’ 82; elections (1938) 79, 82; geographical position 66, 68; Gleichschaltung (‘coordination’) 77; Goerdeler and 664; H’s meetings with Schuschnigg 61, 69, 70–2; and Italy 4, 24, 65, 66, 68, 69; ‘Law for the Reunion of Austria with the German Reich’ 80; march into xlvi; Ministerial Council 80; Nazi Movement 65, 66, 67, 69–73, 75, 77, 80, 81, 82; the new Austria of 1919 65; plebiscites 65; proposed German expansion 49–50;
raw materials 67, 68, 161; reconstituted independence xviii; Zusammenschluß (merger) with Germany 68
Austrian army 75, 81
Austrian Question 45, 67, 68, 71, 72, 73, 96
authoritarianism xv, xl, xlvi
Avranches 718, 720
Axis: agreement formalized 98; Bulgaria commits itself to 361; formation 26, 204; H’s efforts to bind Axis partners to the cause 582, 583–4; intentions in Yugoslavia, Greece and Poland 334; Lloyd George and 383; Mussolini the junior partner 298, 347; in North Africa 534–5, 538; Spain and 327, 329, 330, 348; successes and position of 363; surrender of troops 585; and unoccupied France 514
Axmann, Artur 798, 812–13, 828
Azores 585
Baarova, Lida 145, 199
Babarin, Evengy 196
Babi-Yar 468
Bach, Johann Sebastian xlii Bach-Zelewski, SS-Obergruppenführer Erich von dem 466, 725, 735
Backe, Herbert 823
Bad Godesberg 112, 116, 655
Bad Kissingen, Lower Franconia 575
Bad Nauheim 742
Bad Reichenhall 307
Badoglio, Marshal Pietro 593, 594, 595–6, 597, 598, 601
Baillet-Latour, Count Henri 5, 7
Bakhmut river 441
Baku 529, 530, 537
Baldwin, Stanley 4
Balkans 43, 165, 166, 194, 276, 305, 308, 334, 335, 346, 347, 360, 361, 365, 366, 368, 450, 586, 601, 719, 723, 724, 759
Baltic region 345, 346, 406, 408, 413, 463, 464, 470, 485, 617, 647
Baltic Sea 25, 163, 194, 276, 286, 288, 684, 756, 757
Baltic states 196
Bamberg 539
baptism 424–5
Barandon, Dr Paul 770
Baranov bridgehead 756
Barbarossa-Decree (13 May 1941) 357
Bardia 346
Barth, Pomerania (meeting of army high commanders, June 1938) 101–2
Bastogne 744, 747
Bath 510
Battle of Britain 309, 310
‘Battle of the Peoples’ 713
Baum, Herbert 519
Baur, Captain Hans 32, 183
Bavaria: Austrian Nazis in 75; the crucifix issue 425–6; Goebbels in 506; H in 53, 614; the hold of the Church 40; the mood in 1941 424; the peasants’ mood in 186
Bavarian Alps 792
Bavarian State Opera 512
Bayerische Ostmark (Bavarian Eastern Marches): Gau Party Rally, Regensburg(1937) 37
Bayerischer Wald 799
Bayreuth, H at 12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 34, 198, 306
BDM see Bund deutscher Mädel
Beamish, Henry Hamilton 320
Beaverbrook, Lord 379–80
Beck, Field Marshal Fedor von 393
Beck, Joseph 166, 177, 217, 248
Beck, General Ludwig 4, 10, 11, 49, 50, 75, 89, 90, 94, 95, 97, 101–5, 107, 263, 268, 659, 664, 667, 676, 677, 681, 682, 683, 689
Beethoven, Ludwig van xlii, 513, 632
Belgian army 295
Belgian Congo 434
Belgium 267, 291, 295, 405, 518, 722, 731, 741, 745; neutrality 194, 277, 295
Belgrade 365
Bell, Bishop George 663
Belorussia 406–7
Below, Frau 33, 651
Below, Captain Nicolaus von 30, 32, 33, 70, 77, 118, 137–8, 149, 165, 235, 294, 295, 310, 345, 452, 535, 543, 548, 553, 554, 581, 616, 621, 637, 674–5, 718, 738, 739, 747, 784–5, 792, 807, 813, 815, 817, 823, 825
Belzec extermination camp 483, 484, 493, 494, 520, 603
Benes, President Eduard 108, 109, 111, 115, 117, 170
Berchtesgaden, Bavarian Alps 12, 13, 18, 34, 72, 74, 81, 110, 111, 114, 135, 197, 199, 200, 201, 207, 211, 213, 565, 569, 623, 642, 781, 799, 801, 803, 805, 810
Berdicev 394
Bergen-Belsen concentration camp, near Celle 768
Berger, SS-Obergruppenführer Gottlob 520
Berger, Hans 141
Berger, Dr Heinrich 674
Berghof, Obersalzberg 29, 33, 34, 70, 72, 73, 100, 103, 105, 109, 110, 111, 151, 166, 188, 195, 198, 199, 202, 204, 205, 206, 210, 212, 214, 225, 301, 302, 307, 335, 346, 369, 372, 373, 375, 376, 381, 397, 512, 514, 542, 565, 581, 582, 590, 593, 611, 623, 624, 628, 630–34, 637, 639, 643, 644, 650, 651, 670, 738, 766, 781, 805, 808, 809
Berlin 305, 379, 397, 420, 804, 822; the Bendlerblock 681, 683, 689; bombing raids on 309, 366, 620, 761, 769, 775; cenotaph 37; the Citadel (Festung) 813, 815, 825, 826, 827; the first week of the war 239–40; H returns after his triumph in Czechoslovakia 172; H’s welcome after the French armistice 300; H’s welcome after Munich 124; International Car Exhibition 37; Luna Park 8; Lustgarten 5, 37, 519; military court 59; Olympic Games (1936) 5–9, 379; open to attack (1945) 759–60, 770; the rebuilding of 35, 36, 38–9, 709; Red Army attacks 793, 794, 799, 800, 801, 808–9, 812, 813, 827; refugees 763, 806; Remer put in charge of security 680; ‘Soviet Paradise’ exhibition (May 1942) 519; Sportpalast 116, 117, 118, 309, 348, 431, 432, 459, 494, 505, 517, 526, 535, 536, 538, 561, 562, 601, 619; State Opera house 632; State Theatre 240; synagogues destroyed 140; Technical University 38; Tempelhof aerodrome 45, 809; treatment of Jews 133–4, 135, 351, 472–3, 481, 482, 485, 488, 519, 583; Weidling made responsible for Berlin’s defence 808; ‘Winter Aid’ campaign 38, 535, 601; the Zeughaus 662; zoo 801
Berlin Congress (1878) 123, 183
Berlin Defence District (Wehrkreis III) 690
Berlin Philharmonia 632
Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra 513
Berlin-Charlottenburg, Tiergartenstraße 4 260
Bernadotte, Count Folke 817, 818, 819
Bernburg asylum 261
Bernhardt, Johannes 14, 15
Bessarabia 332, 351, 384
Best, Werner 603
Bialystok 380, 398, 399, 407
Bielefeld 472
Binding, Professor Karl 254
Birkenau 768
Birmingham 174
birth-rates 48
Bismarck (battleship) 178, 381
Bismarck, Prince Otto von xlii, 183, 188, 283, 505, 665
Bitterfeld 514
Black Forest 764
‘Black Order’ 252
Black Sea region 413, 434, 529, 630
‘Blackshirts’ see British Union of Fascists
Blaschke, Dr Johann 831
Blaskowitz, Colonel-General Johannes 247, 248
Bleichröder (bank) 132
Blomberg, Fräulein Margarethe (née Gruhn) 52–3
Blomberg, Werner von 10, 11, 16, 19, 21, 43, 46, 47, 49, 50; the Blomberg scandal 51–60, 64, 69, 83, 86, 94, 147, 167, 224, 358, 668
Blondi (H’s dog) 564, 602, 611, 776, 777, 825
‘Blood and Soil’ (Blut und Boden) 374
‘Blood Law’ 256
Blücher (cruiser) 288
Blücher, Gebbard Leberecht von, Prince of Wahlstadt 713
Blum, Léon 17
Blumentritt, General Guenther 456
Blutrache (blood-vengeance) 691
Bobruisk 647
Bochum 587
Bock, Field-Mashal Fedor von 78, 269, 270, 334, 345, 359, 394, 408, 415, 419, 435, 438, 450–51, 454, 515, 524, 526–7, 529, 658, 659