by Giles Milton
20. Ibid., p.139.
21. NA: HS 3/91.
22. Keene, Lost, p.108.
23. Tim Moreman, The British Commandos 1940–46, Osprey Publishing, 2006, p.54.
24. NA: HS 3/91.
25. Ibid.
26. NA: HS 3/91.
27. Appleyard, Geoffrey, p.75.
28. NA: HS 3/91.
29. Ibid.
30. Binney, Secret, p.140ff.
31. Ibid., pp.140–1.
32. NA: HS 3/91.
33. Henrietta March-Phillipps, BBC interview in Keene, Lost, p.114.
34. NA: HS 3/91.
35. Henrietta March-Phillipps, BBC interview in Keene, Lost, p.114.
36. Binney, Secret, p.149.
37. NA: HS 3/87.
38. Binney, Secret, pp.147–8.
39. Ibid., p.147.
40. NA: ADM 116/5736.
Chapter 10: A Deadly Bang
1. IWM: Documents 12618.
2. Churchill, Second World War, vol. 4, p.98.
3. NA: DEFE 2/130.
4. Ibid.
5. Lucas Phillips, The Greatest Raid of All, Heinemann, 1958, p.23.
6. Astley and Wilkinson, Gubbins, p.98.
7. Phillips, Greatest, p.29.
8. IWM: Documents 12618.
9. Macrae, Toyshop, p.148.
10. Phillips, Greatest, p.92.
11. Ibid., p.55.
12. Ibid., p.58.
13. Macrae, Toyshop, p.155.
14. Corran Purdon, ‘List the Bugle’, in James Dorrian, Storming St Nazaire, Leo Cooper, 1998.
15. NA: HS 9/495/7.
16. Dorrian, St Nazaire, p.26.
17. Phillips, Greatest, pp.92–3.
18. Dorrian, St Nazaire, p.69.
19. Phillips, Greatest, p.83.
20. Ibid., p.109.
21. Ibid., p.127.
22. Dorrian, St Nazaire, p.126.
23. Phillips, Greatest, p.138.
24. Dorrian, St Nazaire, pp.134–6.
25. Ibid., p.137.
26. Phillips, Greatest, p.142.
27. Ibid., p.155.
28. Ibid., p.158.
29. Ibid., p.254.
30. Ibid., p.xvii.
31. Gubbins, Art of Guerrilla Warfare.
Chapter 11: Masters of Sabotage
1. Jefferis, Jefferis, unpaginated.
2. Macrae, Toyshop, pp.115, 112, 206, 183, 154, 101.
3. CP: Lord Cherwell letter to Churchill, 27 November 1942.
4. Gordon Rogers, From Bangs to Black Holes, pp.121–2.
5. Sweet-Escott, Baker Street Irregular, pp.101–2.
6. Astley and Wilkinson, Gubbins, p.93.
7. Ibid., p.115.
8. IWM: Documents 23245.
9. Dalton, Fateful Years, p.384.
10. Astley and Wilkinson, Gubbins, p.100.
11. Sir David Dilks (ed.), The Diaries of Sir Alexander Cadogan, 1938–1945, Cassell, 1971, p.437.
12. Astley and Wilkinson, Gubbins, p.112.
13. Dalton, Fateful Years, p.369.
14. Astley and Wilkinson, Gubbins, p.113.
15. Ben Pimlott (ed.), The Second World War Diary of Hugh Dalton, Jonathan Cape, 1986, p.128.
16. Sweet-Escott, Baker Street Irregular, p.125.
17. Astley and Wilkinson, Gubbins, p.102.
18. IWM: Documents 12618.
19. Astley and Wilkinson, Gubbins, p.116.
20. IWM: Documents 12618.
21. Astley and Wilkinson, Gubbins, p.28.
22. Letter to Joan Bright Astley in Gubbins, p.245.
23. IWM: Documents 23245.
24. Astley and Wilkinson, Gubbins, p.243.
25. Ibid., p.144.
26. S.G. Brandon and M. Elliot-Bateman (eds.), The Fourth Dimension of Warfare, Manchester University Press, 1970, p.104.
27. IWM: Documents 29955.
28. IWM: Documents 29955 (interview with Daphne Maynard).
29. Van Maurik in IWM: Documents 12618.
30. Margaret Jackson, IWM: Documents 23245.
Chapter 12: Czech-Mate
1. IWM: Documents 23245.
2. Astley and Wilkinson, Gubbins, p.83.
3. Frantisek Moravec, Master of Spies: The Memoirs of General Frantisek Moravec, Bodley Head, 1975, p.160.
4. Callum MacDonald, The Killing of Obergruppenführer Reinhard Heydrich, Macmillan, 1989, p.51.
5. Astley and Wilkinson, Gubbins, p.107.
6. Moravec, Master, p.211.
7. Leslie Horvitz and Christopher Catherwood, Encyclopedia of War Crimes and Genocide, Facts on File, 2006, p.200.
8. Mario Dederichs, The Face of Evil, Greenhill Books, 2006, p.92.
9. Astley and Wilkinson, Gubbins, p.107.
10. Moravec, Master, p.211.
11. Astley and Wilkinson, Gubbins, p.107.
12. Moravec, Master, p.209.
13. Astley and Wilkinson, Gubbins, p.107.
14. NA: HS 4/39.
15. MacDonald, Killing, p.116.
16. NA: HS 4/39.
17. Moravec, Master, p.215.
18. Ibid., p.212.
19. NA: HS 4/39.
20. Moravec, Master, p.212.
21. MacDonald, Killing, pp.100–102.
22. Moravec, Master, p.213.
23. Wilkinson, Foreign Fields, p.125.
24. Turner, Aston, p.110.
25. MacDonald, Killing, p.124.
26. Robert Harris and Jeremy Paxman, A Higher Form of Killing, Random House, 1982, p.94.
27. IWM: Documents 27463.
28. Cecil Clarke Family Papers.
29. Wilkinson, Foreign Fields, pp.125–6.
30. NA: HS 4/39.
31. Sue Ryder, Child of My Love, HarperCollins, 1986, p.78.
32. NA: HS 4/39.
33. IWM: Documents 80013010.
34. Moravec, Master, p.216.
35. MacDonald, Killing, p.172.
36. Moravec, Master, p.217.
37. NA: HS 4/39.
38. MacDonald, Killing, p.182.
39. Moravec, Master, p.210.
Chapter 13: Sabotage in the Mountains
1. Colin Gubbins, Introduction to Haukelid, Skis, p.2.
2. Sweet-Escott, Baker Street Irregular, p.64.
3. Stafford, Secret, p.89.
4. Gubbins, Art of Guerrilla Warfare.
5. C.M. Woodhouse, Something Ventured, Granada, 1982, p.21.
6. Obituary, Guardian, 20 February 2001.
7. Obituary, The Times, 10 December 1997.
8. E.C.W. Myers, Greek Entanglement, Alan Sutton Publishing, 1985, pp.14, 66.
9. Woodhouse, Ventured, p.25.
10. Myers, Greek, pp.27, 33.
11. Woodhouse, Ventured, p.32.
12. Stafford, Secret, p.95.
13. Woodhouse, Ventured, p.35.
14. Gubbins, Art of Guerrilla Warfare.
15. Woodhouse, Ventured, pp.39–41.
16. Myers, Greek, p.69.
17. Woodhouse, Ventured, p.42.
18. Myers, Greek, p.72.
19. Woodhouse, Ventured, p.43.
20. Myers, Greek, p.72.
21. CC: Macrae papers, MCRA 3/3.
22. Myers, Greek, pp.60, 74, 78.
23. Woodhouse, Ventured, p.48.
24. Myers, Greek, p.78.
25. Stafford, Secret, p.101.
26. Myers, Greek, p.80.
27. Stafford, Secret, p.101.
28. Myers, Greek, p.80.
29. M.B. McGlynn, Special Service in Greece, War History Branch, Department of Internal
Affairs, New Zealand, 1953, p.13.
30. Myers, Greek, pp.81, 85.
31. C.M. Woodhouse, The Struggle for Greece, Rupert Hart-Davis, 1976, p.26.
32. Bailey, Forgotten, p.131.
33. Astley and Wilkinson, Gubbins, p.137.
34. NA: HS 5/346.
Chapter 14: Man of Steel
1. Ewen Southby-Tailyour, Blondie: A Life of Lieutenant-Colonel H.G. Hasler, Leo Cooper, 1998, p.123.
2. Letter from Gubbins to Clarke: Cecil Clarke Family Papers.
3. Cecil Clarke Family Papers.
4. Ibid.
5. Interview with Rev. David Clarke, 9 February 2015.
6. Macrae, Toyshop, pp.155–6.
7. NA: HS 8/415.
8. Ibid.
9. M.R.D. Foot, Special Operations Executive, Pimlico, 1999, p.90.
10. NA: HS 9/1250/7.
11. Ibid.
12. Foot, Special, p.90.
13. IWM: audio interview, 10057.
14. Bernard O’Connor, Churchill’s School for Saboteurs, Station 17, Amberley Publishing, 2013, p.59.
15. IWM: Documents 12618.
16. Professor Lindemann in Ray Mears, The Real Heroes of Telemark, Hodder & Stoughton, 2003, p.80.
17. Stafford, Secret, p.105.
18. IWM: Documents 12618.
19. IWM: Documents 16489.
20. Gubbins, Introduction to Haukelid, Skis, p.6.
21. IWM: Documents 16489.
22. IWM: Documents 23245.
23. Gubbins, Introduction to Haukelid, Skis, p.4.
24. Bailey, Forgotten, pp.136, 48.
25. Hamilton-Hill, SOE, p.24.
26. Bailey, Forgotten, p.137.
27. Haukelid, Skis, p.43.
28. Mears, Telemark, p.117.
29. NA: HS 8/370.
30. Mears, Telemark, p.118.
31. NA: HS 8/370.
32. Bailey, Forgotten, p.138.
33. NA: HS 52/185.
34. Mears, Telemark, p.121.
35. Haukelid, Skis, pp.74–5.
36. Mears, Telemark, p.123.
37. Haukelid, Skis, pp.76–7.
38. NA: HS 52/185.
39. Haukelid, Skis, p.78.
Chapter 15: In the Bleak Midwinter
1. Haukelid, Skis, pp.46, 82.
2. J. Charrot, Memoirs, cited in O’Connor, School, p.215.
3. Haukelid, Skis, p.82.
4. Bailey, Forgotten, p.139.
5. Haukelid, Skis, p.83.
6. Ibid., p.162.
7. Mears, Telemark, p.140.
8. Haukelid, Skis, p.84.
9. Mears, Telemark, p.141.
10. IWM: Carlton TV interview, 23257.
11. Haukelid, Skis, p.87.
12. Ibid., pp.84–7.
13. Mears, Telemark, p.148.
14. Haukelid, Skis, p.100.
15. Ibid., p.97.
16. Ibid., p.12.
17. Mears, Telemark, p.154.
18. NA: HS 52/186.
19. Haukelid, Skis, p.108.
20. Ibid., pp.107, 100, 105.
21. Stafford, Secret, p.118.
22. Haukelid, Skis, p.109.
23. NA: HS 52/186.
24. IWM: Carlton TV interview, 23257.
25. NA: HS 52/186.
26. IWM: Carlton TV interview, 23257.
27. NA: HS 52/186.
28. Mears, Telemark, p.161.
29. Haukelid, Skis, pp. 112–13.
30. Ibid., p.112.
31. Ibid., p.113.
32. Mears, Telemark, p.163.
33. NA: HS 52/186.
34. Haukelid, Skis, pp.113–14.
35. IWM: Carlton TV interview, 23257.
36. Stafford, Secret, p.122.
37. NA: HS 52/186.
38. Mears, Telemark, p.206.
39. Sweet-Escott, Baker Street Irregular, p.114.
40. NA: HS 52/186.
41. Mears, Telemark, p.169.
42. NA: HS 52/185.
43. Mears, Telemark, p.180.
44. NA: HS 2/173.
45. NA: HS 52/189.
46. Mears, Telemark, p.224.
47. NA: HS 52/189.
48. Ibid.
Chapter 16: Enter Uncle Sam
1. Macrae, Toyshop, p.209.
2. Ibid., p.206.
3. Edward Daily, My Time at The Firs: www.whitchurch.org/assets/other/my-time-at-the-firs-2
4. Ibid.
5. Macrae, Toyshop, p.114.
6. Jefferis, Jefferis, unpaginated.
7. Macrae, Toyshop, p.189.
8. Ibid., p.189.
9. Ibid.
10. CP: Professor Lindeman letter to Winston Churchill, 27 February 1942.
11. Ibid.
12. Ibid.
13. CP: BBC broadcast transcript, 6 February 1944.
14. Macrae, Toyshop, p.192.
15. Charles Rolo, NA: HS 9/495/7.
16. IWM: Documents 16248.
17. Miller, Behind the Lines, p.62.
18. Sweet-Escott, Baker Street Irregular, pp.131, 143, 133.
19. Nelson Lankford, The Last American Aristocrat, Little, Brown, 1996, p.136.
20. Henry Hyde in Max Hastings, Das Reich, Michael Joseph, 1981.
Chapter 17: Gubbins’s Trojan War
1. Foot, SOE in France, p.256. The exact content of the message is disputed, with several variants. Maurice Buckmaster claims it was the message cited above.
2. Bailey, Forgotten, p.30.
3. NA: HS 9/1204/3.
4. Stephen Hawes and Ralph White, Resistance in Europe, Viking, 1975, p.25.
5. François Marcot, ‘La direction de Peugeot sous l’Occupation: pétainisme, réticence, opposition et résistance’, in Le Mouvement Social (no. 189), Éditions de l’Atelier, 1999, p.28.
6. Astley, Inner Circle, p.129.
7. Foot, SOE in France, p.15.
8. Chris Everitt and Martin Middlebrook, The Bomber Command War Diaries, Pen & Sword, 2014, entry for 15–16 July 1943.
9. Maurice Buckmaster, They Fought Alone, Odhams Press, 1968, pp.55–6.
10. E.H. Cookridge, They Came from the Sky, Heinemann, 1965, p.46.
11. NA: HS 9/1240/3.
12. Harry Ree, ‘Experiences of an SOE Agent in France’ in Brandon and Elliot-Bateman, Fourth Dimension, p.121.
13. NA: HS 9/1240/3 and Buckmaster, Alone, p.156.