on mind, 209
transmission of, 63, 99, 120
See also Two Accesses and Four Practices Treatise (Erru sixing lun)
bodhisattva path, 35–36, 274, 312, 321n63, 330n174
bodhisattva practices, myriad, 24, 26–27, 78, 128–29, 134–35, 213
bodhisattvas, 40, 156, 246, 288–89
aspiration of, 318n24
dwelling of, 189
enlightenment of, 50–51
faith of, 72
as free from characteristics, 32, 33
intentional rebirth of, 212–13
minds of, 74–75
vow of, 51, 103, 189
body, 287
attachment/clinging to, 35, 282
contemplating foulness of, 64
as created by mind, 208–9
emptiness of, 257
as fetter, 281
five aggregates and, 48–49
four elements and, 48
of free person, 212
insentience of, 261–62
liberation of, 270–71
and mind as spontaneous, 92–93
mind-made (manomayakāya), 111, 212–13
nonarising of, 193–94
nonexistence of, 139
nurturing, 50
as signless, 259
body of consciousness (vijñānakāya), 280
body of perception (saṃjñākāya), 280
body of sensation (vedanākāya), 280
body of volitional factors (saṃskārakāya), 280
Bojo Jinul, Secrets on Cultivating the Mind, 228
Borimsa (monastery), 18
Boundless Body Bodhisattva, 154–56, 157
Brahmā’s Net Sūtra, 144
breakthrough, 2, 27
delusions after achieving, 33, 37, 39, 99
practice after achieving, 5–7, 25, 37
verifying, 114, 171
view and, 131–32, 159
Buddha. See Śākyamuni Buddha
Buddha Dīpaṃkara. See Dīpaṃkara
buddha lands, 216
buddha nature
clearly seeing, 233, 330n172
as empty space, 60–61
everyday mind and, 84
ignorance and, 308
as name/term, 58, 262
penetrating insight into, 68
of sentient beings, 46, 151, 201, 301
thoughts and, 179
as unchanging, 187–88
Buddha Vehicle, 65, 137–38, 146, 152, 163–64, 324n92
*Buddhacarita (Saṅgharakṣa), 333n202
Buddhadharma, 32, 170, 244
encountering, 313
expedient means in, 155
faith in, 72
false practitioners of, 217
gratitude for, 168
misunderstanding, 115
nonabiding of, 166
nonduality of, 263–64
penetrating, 173–74
recognizing, 148
as unconditioned, 175
value of, 200
various forms of, 52
buddhahood
attainment of, 72, 83, 140
directly accessing in one leap, 113
as lacking characteristics, 56
as neither production nor cessation, 53
as not involving speech, 120
not using buddha to achieve, 260
obstacles to, 146
original, 19, 27
path to, 193–94
pursuit of, 26–27
sacrificing both arms for, 102, 103
and religious practice, relationship between, 1
of śrāvakas, 51, 72
time in attaining, 296
as uncompounded, 52
See also enlightenment
Buddhanandin, 331n184
buddha(s), 26, 58, 60–61, 63, 127
actions of, 111, 112, 295
appearance of, 23, 38, 91, 173, 181, 198, 212, 289, 310
with characteristics, 29, 185–86
as concept, 154–55
demons and, 165
dwellings of, 189
essence of all, 187
expedient use of term, 78
as false views, 142–43, 161
feet of, 308–9
hindrances of, 213
mind and, 6–7, 112
not seeking elsewhere, 44–46, 128
original, 172
potential to become, 72
practice of, absence of a need for, 73
primordial, 39
realizing oneself as, 40–41, 52
seeking externally, 29
slandering, 81–82, 249, 309
stereotypical conceptions of, 97
supramundane, 146
three time periods and, 252
true form of, 80
unconditioned body of, 156–57
See also under sentient beings; three bodies
Buddha’s intent, 210, 266, 267–68
Buddhism, 260
canon of, 8, 214
cultivating without cultivating, 192, 195
doctrinal traditions of, 249, 282, 309
Huichang persecution of, 230, 239, 240, 314
other religions and, 46, 47
schism in saṅgha, 69, 319n35
weakening, 158–59
See also Korean Buddhism
Bukkyō Dendō Kyōkai English Tripiṭaka, 8
Busan, Korea, 1–2, 5, 10
C
Caoxi school, 310
causality, 72, 151, 183
accepting flow of, 26
according with, 261
belief in, 302
bodhi and, 260
entrapment in, 119, 214
ignoring, 85
investigating, 145
nihilistic denial of, 247
not being subject to, 308
thusness and, 156
vigor and, 193
wading through, 106
causes and conditions, 136–37
according with, 264, 309
appearances and, 28, 88, 189, 255, 276, 286, 296, 303
attainment and, 85–86
change and, 273
of conditioned dharmas, 129
flow of, 6–7, 22, 26, 87, 174, 254
ignoring, 26
karma and, 130
mind and, 65–66, 162, 198–99, 203–4
perception of, 143
sense bases and, 64
of thoughts, 158, 176
time and, 295
transcending, 53
valorizing, 119
cavorting playfully (renyun tengteng / imun deungdeung), 211
Chan tradition, 1, 8, 11, 13, 84, 154, 168, 234, 320n46, 320n48. See also Seon school
characteristics
attachment and clinging to, 25, 26, 29, 34, 37, 176
attraction to, 215
as created, 144
free from characteristics, 142
freedom from, 63, 212
not discerning, 313
sensory, 278–79
staying separate from, 280–81, 282, 306
transcending, 31–32, 150
true, 19, 25, 48, 90, 101, 103, 110, 117, 144, 152, 221
true and false, coexistence of, 56
unconditioned, 113
undifferentiated, 149
checkpoints of ancient Seon patriarchs and teachers (zushi guan / josa gwan), 214, 218
Chejiang province, 226
Chejing, 18
chewing without chewing anything, 312
Chinese Cultural Revolution, 17
clinging, 288–89
to appearances, 23, 34, 82, 189, 305
to attachment, 28
to bodhi, 294
to Buddha’s appearance, 82
Buddha’s cure for, 266
to calm experiences, 297
to characteristics, 34, 37, 176
to conditioned dharmas, 110
to dharmas, 43, 248
to emptiness, 288
to existence, 98, 288
to forms, 201
freedom from, 53, 75–76, 95, 175, 211
to functioning, 219
to “I,” 166
to intellectual understanding, 143
to karmic conditions, 209, 218
link of, 281
to logic, 22, 24
to master’s words, 151, 222
to mind, 56–57
to name Way, 92
to practice, 293
to provisional means, 64, 115
to secular learning, 93
to sense objects, 287
to sword of wisdom, 271
to views, 156
to words, 87
cogitation, 87–89
compassion, 64, 190–91
of bodhisattvas, 213
of Buddha, 141–42, 194
of Huangbo, 201, 222, 244, 264
and original nature, inseparability of, 32
of Seon masters, 251
two types, 192
compounded things (saṃskāra), 38, 113–14, 117, 158, 210, 221–22, 321–22n67
concentration, 59–60, 193
concepts/conceptions
dream-like, 183, 184, 204–5, 208, 214, 217
ending, 221, 301
generating, 61
interpretations, 87–88
mistaken, 143
as not originally existent, 130
conceptual proliferation (prapañca), 216–17, 259, 310
conceptual understanding
creating, 81
difficulty of removing, 106
hindrance of, 135
letting go of, 159
limits of, 55, 90–91, 92, 221
overcoming, 276
subtle and extremely subtle, 248
conduct
disturbances deriving from, 287–88
nihilism and, 247
unconstrained and veiled, differences between, 94
Confucianism, 12
confusion, 65, 84, 99, 107, 113, 114, 147
“conjured city,” 70, 71, 319n36
consciousness, 252–53
body of (vijñānakāya), 280
conceptualizing, 52, 75
link of, 281
mental (sixth), 287
myriad dharmas as, 247
nature and, 51–52
nutriment of, 50, 318n28
sea of, 158
consuming without digesting, 94
conventional truth, 12, 106, 109, 284
counting and measuring, 298–99, 306
craving, 50, 207, 281, 291–92
cycle of birth and death, 221–22
conceptual knowledge and, 94
entrapment in, 26, 64, 74, 210, 285, 312
liberation from, 21
as mirage, 52, 53
D
Dahui Zonggao, 13, 333n211
Daoming (a.k.a. Huiming), 119–21
Dayu (monk), 264
Dayu, Mount, 119–20
Dazhong reign-era, 20, 314
Dazhou, 20
dead end, 2, 42
death, 24, 56, 60, 76, 116, 137, 281, 308. See also cycle of birth and death; great matter of birth and death
defilements, 54, 287–88
adventitious, 139
bodhi and, 56, 88, 97, 199, 208, 212, 271
eradicating, 274
as false, 215
generating, 34, 136
natural nonarising of, 209
as shadow, 137
sweeping away all at once, 246
definitive teachings, 297
delusion(s), 14, 90, 170, 176
about original mind, 44–45
after breakthrough, 33, 37, 39, 99
by appearances, 52
awareness of, 177–78
clinging and, 28
counterpart to, 59–60
destruction of as meaningless, 199
of dualism, 98
freedom from, 116, 177
as karmic fruition, 104
from knowledge, 94
as nirvāṇa, 88
nonarising of, 212
recognizing, 46
subtle, 31, 150, 258, 266, 271, 276, 288
as without original root, 102–3
demons, 165, 209. See also Māra
dependent origination, 156, 157, 281–82, 304
dependent power, 278, 279, 332n200
Devadatta, 68–69, 319n35
deviant path/practices, 165, 208–10, 226, 326n130
dharma, 71, 90
direct realization of, 37, 44
discrepant, lack of, 99–101
expounding with mental factors associated with production and cessation, 275–76, 278
joy of, 24
as mirage, 116
as no dharma, 119, 322n75
as not fixed, 95–96
as originally empty, 168
as seeing, 162
sublime, 53, 56, 82
Tathāgata’s speech as, 285–86
transmission of, 63, 303
dharma body (dharmakāya), 68, 111, 186, 247
continuity of, 117, 129, 130
as empty and pervasive, 78–79
as empty space, 55–56, 128
manifestations of, 70, 81, 286
as name, 262
true understanding of, 80
as unobtainable, 296–97
dharma eyes, 13, 75, 136, 138, 178, 245–46, 249, 279, 301
dharma gate of mind ground, 61–62, 203, 308, 318n32
dharma gate of nonduality, 93, 284–86
dharma nature, 72, 136, 255–57, 259, 274
dharma realms, 57, 220, 274, 281, 282
Dharmapāda/Udānavarga, 332n193
dharmas
acquiescence to nonproduction of, 158, 221–22, 326n121
bondage by, 81
conditioned, 110, 115, 129, 175, 200
dualistic views of, avoiding, 64–65
fixed characteristics, absence of, 54
mind and, 146–47, 177, 180–81, 206–7
original nature of, 188
as originally empty, 147, 254–55
perceptual, 62
as unascertainable, 46, 145–46, 256–58, 294–95, 301–2
unconditioned, 110, 113, 116, 118, 144, 146–47, 173, 200, 201
dharma-transmission verses, 140, 167, 203–4, 308, 326n131
dialogue form. See encounter-dialogues
Diamond Sūtra
on characteristics as free from characteristics, 142
on conditioned dharmas, 129
dialogue form in, 136
on five types of eyes and speech, 47, 278
on fixed dharmas, 96
Fu Dashi’s commentary to, 158
Huineng’s instruction in, 119, 169
on Kṣāntivādin and Kaliṅga, 193–94, 291–92
on making offerings, 30, 317n16
on nonabiding, 205, 253
on seeing the Tathāgata, 150
on seeking the Buddha through his voice, 165, 326n130
on thoughts in three time periods, 252
Dīpaṃkara (Buddha), 40–41, 95, 184, 294–95
direct access with single slice of their swords (dandao zhiru / dando jigip), 259
direct pointing, 43, 99, 120, 140, 152, 157, 161–62, 172, 178, 201–2
discerning eyes, 32, 178–79, 193
Discourse Records of Four Houses of Chan (Sijia yulu), 316n8
discrimination, 12, 50
absence of, 127–28, 207, 252
between buddhas and māras, 116
cessation of, 132–33, 306
between contaminated and uncontaminated, 110
delusions due to, 102–3, 285
eradicating, 269
between existence and nonexistence, 214
generating, 37, 65, 94, 106, 298
as Māra’s domain, 219, 246–47
nonduality and, 286
as obstacle, 175–76
overcoming, 301, 302
&nbs
p; in views, 146
wise, 91
discriminative thoughts, 94, 97
arousing, 88, 146
confusion from, 84, 147
creations by, 78
entanglement in, 23
as false, 152
immersion in, 91, 92
letting go of, 29, 159, 258
not generating, 25, 209
obstruction of, 157
traces of, 73–74
disturbances (huo/hok), two types, 287–88. See also defilements
Dongnisan school, 18
doubt, 6
deepening, 157, 161
generating, 3, 4, 5, 27, 182, 199, 263
investigating, 176–77, 204
mass of, 4, 177, 199, 205
mind and body becoming one with, 49
resolving, 97–98
role of, 2, 174, 218–19, 262
stages of, 177, 251, 258
Doui, 18, 228
dreams, 40, 129, 206, 208, 210, 217, 297. See also under concepts/conceptions
E
effort, 104, 195, 200, 207, 208, 264, 313
eighteen cognitive elements (dhātu), 49–50, 80–81, 282–83
eighty minor marks, 142, 149, 150
eighty-four thousand dharma gates, 54
elements
four, 48, 50, 67–68
seven, 288
emissaries of Tathāgata, 265, 266, 267
emptiness, 57–58, 131, 260, 275
clinging to, 288
of dharma nature, 259
form as, 271
of mind and empty space, 128
principle of, 31
sublime existence of, 254–58
empty space, 255, 265–66
appearances and, 176
bodhisattvas’ minds as, 74–75
buddha nature as, 60–61
buddha’s body compared to, 157
dharma as, 71
dharma body as, 55–56
mind and, 22, 25–26, 128, 147
nature as, 67–68
neither illuminated nor darkened, 27–28, 162, 219
as neither produced nor eradicated, 86–87
as one-mind essence, 220–21
as realm, 105
stamping, 77
suchness as, 31
transcending, 298
as without support, 146
encounter-dialogues, 8, 12, 136, 182, 217, 238–39
enlightenment
aspiration for, 212, 217–18, 286, 290
attachment to, 119
attaining, 106–7
attaining nothing from, 40, 47, 67
complete, perfect, 99–100, 111–12, 116, 148, 214–15
conformity with, 248
discriminations after, 110
essential acroamata for, 55
fruit and flower of, 308
holding to conception of, 213–14
Huangbo’s view of, 6
innate, 41
letting go after attaining, 85
of Ānanda, 121
power of, 94, 98
spiritual capacity and, 82
of śrāvakas, 50
turning one’s back on, 46
as unascertainable, 258
virtual and sublime, 70, 246, 249, 273, 274
enlightenment site (bodhimaṇḍa), 44, 167–68, 169, 304–5, 313
equanimousness, 41, 139, 201, 215
Essentials of Transmitting the Mind-Dharma (Chuanxinfayao) (Huangbo), 17
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