Geopolitical Exotica

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by Dibyesh Anand


  Weldes, J., M. Laffey, H. Gusterson, and R. Duvall, eds. 1999. Cultures of Insecurity: States, Communities, and the Production of Danger. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.

  Wellby, M. S. 1898. Through Unknown Tibet. London: T. Fisher Unwin.

  Wiggins, L. R. 1994. "Sino-Tibetan Relations and Tributary Ideology." Tibet Journal 25, no. 1: 63-73.

  Wilby, S. 1988. Journey across Tibet: A Young Woman's 1900-Mile Trek across the Rooftop of the World. Chicago: Contemporary Books.

  Williams, P., and P. Childs. 1992. An Introduction to Post-Colonial Theory. London: Prentice Hall, Harvester Wheatsheaf.

  Willoughby, M. E. 1924. "The Relation of Tibet to China." Journal of the Central Asian Society 11, no. 3: 187-203.

  Wilson, A. 1987. "Kipling's Kim." In Modern Critical Interpretations: Rudyard Kipling's "Kim," ed. H. Bloom. New York: Chelsea House.

  Wood, R. E. 1998. "Touristic Ethnicity: A Brief Itinerary." Ethnic and Racial Studies 21, no. 2: 218-41.

  Woodcock, G. 1971. Into Tibet: The Early British Explorers. London: Faber and Faber.

  World Tibet News. 1999. "Murdoch Brands Dalai Lama a 'Monk in Gucci Shoes,'" 7 September. Available at http://www.tibet.ca/en/wtnarchive/ 1999/9/7_5.html (accessed 20 August 2006).

  ____________________. 1998. "Clinton Urges China to Talk to Dalai Lama," 27 June.

  Available at http://www.tibet.ca/en/wtnarchive/1998/fi/19_2.html (accessed 20 August 2006).

  Xu Guangui. 1992. "The United States and the Tibet Issue." Asian Survey 37, no. 11: 1062-77.

  Xu Mingxu. 2000. "Tibet Question: A New Cold War." Paper Presented at the 18th World Congress of the International Political Science Association, August, Quebec City.

  Yegenoglu, M. 1998. Colonial Fantasies: Towards a Feminist Reading of Orientalism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

  Young, R. 1990. White Mythologies-Writing History and the West. London: Routledge.

  Younghusband, F. 1910. India and Tibet: A History of the Relations Which Have Subsisted between the Two Countries from the Time of Warren Hastings to 1910; With a Particular Account of the Mission to Lhasa of 1904. London: John Murray.

  Yue, Gang. 2004. "Echoes from the Himalaya: The Quest of Ma Lihua, a Chinese Intellectual in Tibet." Journal of Contemporary China 13, no. 38: 69-88.

  Zheng Shan, ed. 2001. A History of Development of Tibet. Trans. Chen

  Guansheng and Li Peizhu. Beijing: Foreign Language Press. Zizek, S. 2001. On Belief. London: Routledge.

  FILMOGRAPHY

  Kundun (video recording). 1992. Walt Disney Video. Directed by M. Scorsese, produced by B. de Fina.

  Lost Horizon (DVD). 1937. Directed and produced by Frank Capra.

  Seven Years in Tibet (video recording). 1992. Tristar Pictures and Madalay Entertainment. USA. Directed by Jean-Jacques Annaud, produced by Jean-Jacques Annaud, I. Smith, and J. H. Williams.

  The Face of Fu Manchu (video recording). 1965. UK. Directed by D. Sharp.

  Publication History

  Chapter 2 was published in New Political Science. Copyright 2007 Taylor and Francis. Reprinted with permission. New Political Science is available online at http://journalsonline.tandf.co.uk.

  A portion of chapter 3 was published as "Archive and the Poetics of 'Exotica Tibet,'" in Tibetan Borderlands: Proceedings of the Tenth Seminar of the IATS, 2003, ed. P. C. Klieger (Leiden: Brill Academic Publishers, 2006). Reprinted with permission.

  Chapter 4 is adapted from "The Tibet Question and the West: Issues of Sovereignty, Identity, and Representation," in Contemporary Tibet: Politics, Development, and Society in a Disputed Region, ed. Barry Sautman and June Teufel Dreyer (Armonk, N.Y.: M. E. Sharpe, 2006). Reprinted with permission.

  Chapter 4 draws on "A Story to Be Told: IR, Postcolonialism, and the Tibetan (Trans)Nationalism," in Power, Postcolonialism, and International Relations: Reading Race, Gender, and Class, ed. G. Chowdhry and S. Nair (London: Routledge, 2002). Reprinted with permission.

  Chapter 5 draws on "(Re)Imagining Nationalism: Identity and Representation in Tibetan Diaspora in South Asia," Contemporary South

  Asia 9, no. 3 (2000): 271-87, and "Travel-routing Diaspora…: Homing on Tibet," Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies 12, no. 3 (2003): 211-29. Reprinted with permission. Contemporary South Asia may be found at http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals.

  Chapter 6 was previously published as "A Guide to Little Lhasa in India: The Role of Symbolic Geography of Dharamsala in Constituting Tibetan Diasporic Identity," in Tibet, Self, and the Tibetan Diaspora: Voices of Difference, ed. P. C. Klieger (Leiden, Netherlands: Brill Academic Publishers, 2002). Reprinted with permission.

  Index

  agency,

  non-Westerners',

  subjectivity and,

  Tibetan

  Amban,

  American foreign policy,

  American social science: international relations as,

  Amin, S.,

  ancient Greeks,

  archive; Shangri-La as Utopian,

  Aris, M.,

  autonomy, xviii,; real,; suzerainty and,. See also Chinese suzerainty-Tibetan autonomy formula

  Bell, C.,

  Blavatsky, Madame H.,

  Bogle, G.,

  Bollywood,

  Bradley, H.,

  British expedition of Tibet of 1903-4,; Younghusband's account of the,.

  See also Invasion of Tibet, British; Tibet mission of 1903-4; Younghusband expedition

  British expedition of Tibet of 1922-23,

  British imperialism;

  and Tibet, xviii

  Brown, C.

  Buddhism;

  spread in the West

  See also Tibetan

  Buddhism Buddhism of Tibet or Lamaism,

  The, Butler, J.

  See also performativity Buzan, B.,

  Campbell, D.,

  Candler, E.,

  Chan, S.,

  Chapman, F. S.,

  Chinese nationalism,

  Chinese representations of Tibet

  Chinese suzerainty-Tibetan

  autonomy formula,

  Cholka-sum,

  Chos srid gnyis Idan (religion and politics combined),. See also religion and politics

  Christian missionaries

  Chronopolitics

  civilizing, imperialism as

  Clapham, C.,

  classification,

  Clifford, J.,

  Clinton, B.,

  Cold War, xv,

  constructionist theories,

  Cultural Revolution,

  cultural turn,

  Curzon, Lord,

  Daily Mail

  Dalai Lama;

  dual role as religious as well as political leader;

  and the emphasis on preservation of culture;

  the figure of,; Hein-rich Harrer and,; Nobel Prize,; Shugden affair,; as a symbol of peace; as a symbol of Tibetan nation; and Tashi Lama

  (Panchen Lama)

  Tibetan government-in-exile, led by, xiv, xix

  Dalai Lama, Fifth

  Dalai Lama, Fourteenth

  Dalai Lama, Thirteenth

  Dalby, S.,

  Darby, P.

  Das, S. C.,

  David-Neel, A.

  Davidson, L.

  Deasy, H. H. P.

  debasement, xvii,

  decolonization,

  deconstruct/deconstructive/ deconstruction,

  Desideri, Ippolito,

  Dharamsala, xix,

  diaspora, xv-xviii; Tibetan,

  differentiation,

  disciplinary/disciplinarity/

  antidisciplinarity, xiv, discipline: IR as,

  Discovery of America, The,

  displacement,

  Doty, R., xv,

  Dreyfus, G.,

  Du Halde, P. J. B.,

  East India Company,

  Ekvall, R. A.,

  environmentalism,

  eroticization, xvii,

  essentialism,

  antiessential
ism and,

  See also strategic essentialism

  ethnocentrism, xv, xvii,

  Eurocentric,

  Evans-Wentz, W. Y.,

  exile: conscious adoption of the term,;

  cultural survival of Tibetan identity in,;

  Dalai Lama in,;

  homeland and,;

  nationalism among Tibetans in,;

  Tibetans in,

  feminism,; as critical IR theory,

  feminization,

  Forbidden City,

  Foreign Office,

  Forman, H.,

  Foucault, M.,

  Free Tibet,

  Ganden monastery,

  gaze,

  Gere, R.,

  gerontification,

  gold,

  Goldstein, M. C.,

  Great Game, xv,

  Grenard, F.,

  Grueber and D'Orville,

  Grunfeld, T.,

  Guru massacre,

  Gyatso, Palden,

  Harrer, H.,

  Harris, C.,

  Hastings, W.,

  Hedin, S., hierarchization,

  Hillary, E.,

  Hilton, J.,

  Hobsbawm, E.,

  Hoffman, S.,

  Hollywood,

  Holsti, K. J., 2

  homeland,; diaspora and,; return to,; Tibetan,

  146; unified/original Tibetan,

  Hopkirk, P.,

  Huber, T.,

  human rights,;

  Dalai Lama and,;

  as a tool, xvi,;

  violation in

  Tibet, Hunt, M.,

  idealization, xvii,

  ; Tibet's,

  imagining community,

  imperialism, xviii,; and

  IR, xv,;

  and Orientalism,; and postcolonialism,; and representation of the non-Western

  Other,; Western,

  India and Tibet,

  infanitilization, xvii,

  instrumentalist-primordialist debate,

  International Commission of Jurists,

  International/Intertextual

  Relations,

  International Studies Quarterly,

  invasion of Tibet, British,

  . See also British expedition of Tibet of 1903-4

  invasion of Tibet, Chinese

  Kabbani, R.,

  Kapstein, M. K.,

  Kawaguchi, Ekai,

  Kibreab, G., 126

  Kim and Kim,

  Kipling, R.,. See also Kim and

  Kim

  Klein, B. S.,

  Klieger, P. C.,

  Knaus, J. K.,

  Knight, G. E.,

  knowledge-power,

  Kolas, A.,

  Korom, F. J.,

  Krishna, S.,

  Kundun,

  Lamaism, 45, 47, 48, 81, 144

  Lamaist state,

  Lamb, A.,

  land of snows,

  Landon, P.,

  Lhasa,; government of,; Lamas of,; monks of,; protests,; race for,. See also "Little Lhasa in India" Lhasa and its Mysteries, Lhasa Convention,

  Little, R.,

  "Little Lhasa in India,"

  See also Dharamsala; McLeod

  Gunj Lonely Planet,

  Lopez, D.,

  Lost Horizon,

  Macdonald, D.,

  mahatmas,

  Malkki, L.,

  Manchu,

  Manning, T., 26, 53 Marco Polo, 38-39 masculinity, 28, 137 Mathiessen, P., 59

  McClintock, A.,

  McGranahan, C.,

  mchod-yon,

  McLeod Gunj,

  . See also

  Dharamsala medieval,

  Millington, P.,

  modernization,

  Mongol,

  Monlam,

  moralization,

  Moran, P.,

  Mount Everest,

  Murdoch, Rupert,

  naturalization,

  Nazi,

  Neumann, I.,

  New Age,

  New Internationalist,

  New York Times,

  Noel, Captain J.,

  Norbu, J.,

  Norbulingka Institute,

  Norgay, T.,

  Nowak, M.,

  objectification,

  occidental,

  O'Connor, W. F.,

  Old Tibet,

  Oriental,

  Orientalism, xviii,

  ; Tibet and,

  Orientalist,

  Palestinians,

  Panchen Lama,

  patron-client relations,

  patron-priest relations,

  performativity,

  political and ethnographic Tibet,

  positivism,

  poststructuralism,

  Potala

  preservation ethos

  preservation of culture

  primitive Buddhism,

  pro-Tibet lobby,

  See also Save Tibet

  proto-nationalism,

  racialization,

  Radhakrishnan,

  Rampa, T. L.,

  rangzen,

  Rawling, Captain Cecil,

  refugee,

  ; as a term,

  religion and politics, See also Chos srid gnyis Idan

  representational strategies, xvii,. See also strategies of representation

  Richardson, H.,

  Riencourt, A., de.,

  Rijnharts,

  Rockhill, W. W.,

  romantic paternalism,

  "rooftop of the world,"

  roots and routes,

  Rosenau, J.,

  Said, E.,

  Samuel, G.,

  Sandberg, G.,

  Save Tibet,

  See also pro-

  Tibet lobby Scott, D.,

  Segal, S.,

  self-affirmation,

  self-criticism,

  self-determination,; right to,

  Seventeen Point Agreement (1951),

  Seven Years in Tibet,

  Shakya, T.,

  Shambhala,

  Shangri-la,;

  James Hilton and,; myth of,;

  Tibetans as prisoners of,

  Shaumian, T.,

  Sheffer, G.,

  Sherpas,

  Shigatse,

  Shugden,

  Shuttleworth,

  Simla Talks,

  Sino-Indian relations, xv,

  Sino-Western relations, xv

  Smith, A.,

  Smith, S.,

  Snow Leopard, The,

  Snyder, R. S.,

  sovereignty, xvi, xviii,

  Sperling, E.,

  Spivak, G. C.,

  stereotype,

  stereotyping, xvii,

  Strasbourg Proposal,

  strategic essentialism

  strategies of representation,

  See also representational strategies

  subjectivity,

  Tibetan, xv,

  surveillance,

  suzerainty, xvi, xviii,

  Sylvester, C.

  Tashi Lama,

  See also

  Teshoo Lama Teshoo Lama,

  See

  also Tashi Lama

  Thargyal, R.

  theosophist

  third debate, xiv

  Third Eye, The,

  Thurman, R. A. F.,

  Tibetan Books of the Dead, The,

  Tibetan Buddhism,

  ; comparison with classical Buddhism,; as idealized Buddhism, 49; as impure Buddhism

  Tibetan Review,

  Tibet mission of 1903-4

  . See also British expedition of Tibet of 1903-4

  Tibetophilia

  Tibet question

  Tibet support groups

  Tintin in Tibet,

  transnationalism,

  truth claims,

  tsampa,

  Tsering, L.

  Turner, S.,

  UN General Assembly, 82, 133 UN Security Council

  Unveiling of Lhasa

  veil

  Venturino, S.,r />
  "victimisation paradigm,"

  Waddell, L. A.

  Waever, O.,

  Ward, F. K.,

  Weldes, J.,

  Wellby, M. S.,

  white man's burden,

  Willoughby, M. E.,

  Wilson, A.,

  Wolff, Joesph,

  yeti,

  Younghusband expedition, See also British expedition of

  Tibet of 1903-4

  Zizek, S.

  A BOOK SERIES CONCERNED WITH REVISIONING GLOBAL POLITICS

  David Campbell and Michael J. Shapiro, series editors

  Volume 30 Dibyesh Anand, Geopolitical Exotica: Tibet in Western Imagination

  Volume 29 Prem Kumar Rajaram and Carl Grundy-Warr, editors, Borderscapes: Hidden Geographies and Politics at Territory's Edge

  Volume 28 Louiza Odysseos, The Subject of Coexistence: Otherness in International Relations

  Volume 27 Denise Ferreira da Silva, Toward a Global Idea of Race

  Volume 26 Matthew Sparke, In the Space of Theory: Postfoundational Geographies of the Nation-State

  Volume 25 Roland Bleiker, Divided Korea: Toward a Culture of Reconciliation

  Volume 24 Marieke de Goede, Virtue, Fortune, and Faith: A Genealogy of Finance

  Volume 23 Himadeep Muppidi, The Politics of the Global

  Volume 22 William A. Callahan, Contingent States: Greater China and Transnational Relations

  Volume 21 Allaine Cerwonka, Native to the Nation: Disciplining Landscapes and Bodies in Australia

  Volume 20 Simon Dalby, Environmental Security

  Volume 19 Cristina Rojas, Civilization and Violence: Regimes of Representation in Nineteenth-Century Colombia

  Volume 18 Mathias Albert, David Jacobson, and Yosef Lapid, editors, Identities, Borders, Orders: Rethinking International Relations Theory

  Volume 17 Jenny Edkins, Whose Hunger? Concepts of Famine, Practices of Aid

  Volume 16 Jennifer Hyndman, Managing Displacement: Refugees and the Politics of Humanitarianism

  Volume 15 Sankaran Krishna, Postcolonial Insecurities: India, Sri Lanka, and the Question of Nationhood

  Volume 14 Jutta Weldes, Mark Laffey, Hugh Gusterson, and Raymond Duvall, editors, Cultures of Insecurity: States, Communities, and the Production of Danger

  Volume 13 Frangois Debrix, Re-Envisioning Peacekeeping: The United Nations and the Mobilization of Ideology

  Volume 12 Jutta Weldes, Constructing National Interests: The United States and the Cuban Missile Crisis

 

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