by Larry Loftis
Forte, Ralph, 92
Foster, Reginald C., 225n
France, 33, 90, 154 Marseille, 104, 105, 145–47, 150
Normandy landing in, 79, 145
Operation Anvil in, 33
Operation Dragoon in, 111, 145, 146, 150
Paris, see Paris
safe houses and escape lines between Spain and, 37, 56, 104, 110, 132, 136, 185
Franco, Francisco, 24–26, 44–45, 49, 55, 75n, 77, 113–14, 121, 129–30, 176, 293n Hitler and, 206
French Cameroon, 206
Fritsch, Werner Freiherr von, 88
Fromm, Friedrich, 92n
Fürstenberg, Franz Egon Graf von, 60, 83, 172
Fürstenberg, Gloria Rubio von, xii, 60, 81–83, 82, 85, 96, 99–102, 104, 120–21, 123, 146–49, 153, 155, 156–57, 163–64, 167, 172–74, 260–61 death of, 261
marriage to Fakhry, 172, 260
marriage to Fürstenberg, 60, 83, 164, 172
marriage to Guinness, 172n, 260–61
marriage to Scholtens, 164
at Palacio Hotel, 163, 163, 260, 318n
G
Gabor, Eva, 258
Garbo, Greta, 60
Gardner, Ava, 73n, 245, 261
Gayle, Marsha, 251, 251
Germany, 37, 87–92, 192, 243 Ablege Kommandos in, 67–68
Abwehr in, 25–26, 45, 47, 67, 68, 78, 80, 86–88, 99, 100, 121, 149, 156–57, 177, 292n, 307n
art looting and, 154, 155, 158, 169, 177, 205
blacklist for doing business with, 160, 161, 164–66, 170
Gestapo in, 45, 58–60, 67, 78, 86, 88, 89, 160, 161, 171, 173n, 175, 192
Italy and, 234
kidnappings and, 67–69, 123
Kriegsmarine in, 87
Luftwaffe in, 37, 87
postwar control of, 243
Reichswehr in, 87; see also Wehrmacht
Safehaven economic warfare against, 154, 155, 156–59, 167–70, 174, 175, 178–80, 183–85, 205
Schutzstaffel (SS) in, 80, 87–89, 91n
Sicherheitsdienst (SD) in, 26n, 45, 67, 88, 177
South American flight of criminals from, 175, 177, 192, 205
Spain and, 24, 25, 44–45, 55, 67, 206
Sturm Abeilung (SA) in, 87, 88
surrender of, 169, 173, 174
tensions between military and Nazi Party in, 87–91
territorial expansion of, 88–90
Wehrmacht in, 45, 60, 87, 87n, 88, 91n
Weimar Republic, 90
see also Hitler, Adolf
Gestapo, 45, 58–60, 67, 78, 86, 88, 89, 160, 161, 171, 173n, 175, 192
Gibraltar, 37, 107, 206
Givenchy, Hubert de, 73
Gloria, see Fürstenberg, Gloria Rubio von
Godfrey, John, 243
Göring, Hermann, 58–59, 80, 83
Goya, Francisco, 74, 84, 177, 178
Griffith, Aline, 52, 232, 247, 250, 251 apartment as safe house, 111
arrest and imprisonment of, 134, 135–37, 143, 314n
birth of, 4
books written by, xiv–xvii, 253–55
in bullfighting ring, 210–11, 212
BUTCH code name of, xv, 23, 56, 276n, 282n, 283n
childhood of, 5
children of, 246–47, 247
CIA work of, 248
death of, 255
desire for involvement in war effort, 8, 32–33, 184
engagement to Luis announced in New York Times, 225, 226, 226
first formal field report of, 168
honeymoon of, 228, 231, 230–34, 244–46
honorary doctorate of, 252
letter of recommendation from MacMillan, 192, 193, 326n
Luis’s death and, 253–54
marriage to Luis, 212–20, 221–29, 230–33, 254
microfilm assignment of, 132–34, 135–36, 139–40, 142, 315n
modeling of, 6–8, 35, 228
Mount Saint Vincent attended by, 6, 252
OSS oath of office of, 26–27, 26, 281n
OSS recruitment of, 9–10, 13–14
OSS training at The Farm, 16–22, 23–24, 27–31, 35, 47, 78, 93, 188, 275n, 282n, 285n, 287n
Pascualete estate of, 249, 253, 254
salaries of, 35, 78
wedding of, 227–29, 230–31, 231, 232
Griffith, Bill, 228, 230
Griffith, Dexter, 6
Griffith, Tom, 6, 228
Gubbens, Colin, 243
Guinness, Gloria, see Fürstenberg, Gloria Rubio von
Guinness, Thomas Loel, 172n, 260–61
Guzmán, Felix, 138
H
Halder, Franz, 89–91, 91n
Hambro, Charles, 189, 242, 243, 266
Hamilton, James, 11–13
Hammerstein, Kurt Freiherr von, 87, 88
Hannibal, 112
Hase, Paul von, 89, 92n
Hay Adams Hotel, 14–15, 40, 277n
Hayes, Carlton, 44, 55n, 65–66, 85–86, 154, 172–73, 176, 293n
Heinz, Friedrich Wilhelm, 89
Helldorf, Wolf Heinrich Graf von, 89
Hemingway, Ernest, xiii, 50, 57, 118–19, 137, 209, 255, 257, 315n
Hepburn, Audrey, 73n, 245, 248–50
Herfurth, Otto, 92n
Heymann, Ernesto, 149
Himmler, Heinrich, 26, 58–60, 81, 83, 86, 88, 91n, 121, 309n
HISMA, 177
Hitler, Adolf, 24, 25, 45, 55, 58, 59, 87–92, 121, 154, 169, 185, 205, 234 Chamberlain’s meeting with, 90
Franco and, 206
plots against, 26, 59, 88–92
territorial expansion plans of, 88–90
Hindenburg, Paul, 87
Hoare, Samuel, 59, 75, 76, 100
Hoepner, Erich, 89, 92n
honor, 118
Horcher, Otto, 80
Horcher’s, 80–83, 81, 147, 162
Hotel Miramar, 142
Hôtel San Régis, 199–200, 202
House, Edward, 32
I
Inönü, Ismet, 150n
Irun, 206–7
Isabel, Duchess of Tamames, 227, 230, 235
Italy Germany and, 234
Rome, 230, 231, 232–34
J
Japan, 43 Pearl Harbor attacked by, 6
Jebsen, Johann “Johnny,” 45n, 67–68, 80n, 327n
Jodl, Alfred, 169
John J. Ryan & Sons, 188, 190, 194, 197, 198, 324n
Joint Chiefs of Staff, 65n
Joselito, 49n, 119
Juan, King, 233
K
Kaltenbrunner, Ernst, 26n
Kanō Jigorō, 21
Keitel, Wilhelm, 169
Kelly, David, 59
Kelly, Grace, 73n
Kennedy, Jacqueline, 73n
Kerr, Deborah, 245
Kesselring, Albert, 91n
Keswick, W. T., 243
kidnappings, 67–69, 123
Kluge, Günther von, 89, 92n
Kriegsmarine, 87
L
Laffittee, Julio, 163, 164
Lamborghini, Ferruccio, 124n
Lane, Jocelyn, 262
Lanza, Raimundo, 214–16, 234
Lassalle, Edmundo, xi, 11–13, 27, 66, 67, 70–77, 71, 79–83, 92, 95, 99, 129, 133, 147, 154, 155, 156–62, 164–66, 167–71, 173–74, 181–82, 185, 192, 199, 254, 262–64, 276n, 284n, 292n, 295n, 300n, 301n, 302n, 324n death of, 262, 263, 264
marriage to Agatha, 199, 223, 223, 262–63, 330n
marriage to Emilie, 174, 199, 262
Lassalle, Emilie, 174, 199, 262, 324n
Latin America, 12–13
Lazar, Hans, xii, 4, 60–61, 81–83, 82, 96, 99–102, 104, 147, 149, 156, 172, 192
League of Nations, 32
Lequerica, José Félix de, 75, 154
Lerma, Duke and Duchess of, 75, 177
Lhardy, 142–43
Liesau, Francisco, 170
Liesau, Franz, 160
Life, 249
Lindemann, Fritz, 92n
Linhoff, Guillermo
, 170
Lisbon, 39–40, 42, 43, 70, 169, 231
List, Wilhelm, 89
Llambí, Benito, 205, 229, 230
Lozado, Enrique de, 13
Luftwaffe, 37, 87
Luis (Aline’s husband), see Figueroa y Perez de Guzman, Luis de
Lyons, Leonard, 258
M
MacMillan, James H., xi, 37–41, 43, 48, 56, 159, 167, 168, 169, 170, 176, 177, 179, 185 Aline recommended by, 192, 193, 326n
Palacio registration of, 41
Madeleine, 111–12, 115, 116–18
Madrid, 43–48, 49–61, 64–67, 70–71, 77, 78–80, 104–5, 107, 111, 117, 156, 157, 159, 169, 184–86, 198, 205–8, 226, 237, 244 Botín, 85
Church of San Fermín de los Navarros, 225, 228–29
Horcher’s, 80–83, 81, 147, 162
Lhardy, 142–43
Palace Hotel, 46–47, 71, 74n, 78, 99, 146, 159
Ritz Hotel, 46, 78, 79
US embassy compound, 85–86
Maffitt, Edward, 229
Mahonesa, La, 54
Málaga, 132–34, 135–37, 139–40, 143
Mamal, Pepe, 173
Manolete, xii, 54n, 119, 120, 121–23, 139, 209–11, 228, 237–38 death of, 239, 257
Manona Pignatelli, Princess, 234
Manstein, Erich von, 92
Marbella, 248, 261–62
Maria Agatha, Princess of Ratibor and Corvey, xii, 75, 76, 160–61, 164–66, 170, 174, 176, 192, 199, 223 Edmundo’s marriage to, 199, 223, 223, 262–63, 330n
Maria Francesca von Hohenlohe, Princess (“Pimpinela”), xii, 95–99, 101, 119–22, 129, 130, 162, 175–76, 309n
Maria-Piedad de Iturbe, 96
Marks, John, 239
Marseille, 104, 105, 145–47, 150
Marta, 111–12, 115, 116–18
Marta Film, 170
Max Emanuel von Hohenlohe, Prince, 96
Maximilian Egon von Hohenlohe, Prince, xii, 58–60, 95, 96, 99, 156, 159, 160, 172, 175, 176, 179, 185, 261–62, 264, 299n death of, 261
Maxwell, Elsa, 240, 244
Mellon, William Larimer “Larry,” Jr., xi, xvii, 37–41, 43, 48, 56, 111, 132, 136, 159, 169–71, 174, 175, 179, 185, 193, 242, 263–64, 266 death of, 264
Palacio registration of, 41
MGM, 60
MI6, 17, 45n, 187n, 189, 193
Mimosa, Marquesa of Torrejón, 72–77
Montellano, Duke of, 86
Mount Saint Vincent, College of, 6, 252
Mueller, Heinrich, 175
Munich Agreement, 90–91
Munich Conference, 90
Murtra, Evarista, 167–68
Mussolini, Benito, 206n, 234
Mussolini, Eva, 234
N
National Military Establishment, 240
National Security Act, 240
Nehring, Helga, 205
New York Times articles on Aline’s engagement, 225, 226, 226
on Aline’s wedding, 231, 231
on art exhibition, 251, 251
on Conrad, 258
on Edmundo’s marriage to Princess Agatha, 223, 223, 330n
interview with Aline, 248–49
on Ryan’s trip, 194, 195
on World Commerce Corporation, 240–41, 241, 242
Norman, Nancy, 263
Normandy landing, 79, 145
Notes from the Underground (Dostoyevsky), 253–54
Novak, Kim, 262
O
OAS (Organization of American States), 11
Oberkommando der Wehrmacht (OKW), 88, 91n see also Wehrmacht
OCIAA (Office for Inter-American Affairs; formerly Office of the Coordinator of Inter-American Affairs, OIAA), 12–13, 275n
Oficina Tecnica, 160, 170
Ogilvy, David, 189
Oil Control Commission, 33, 35, 44, 45, 51, 55–57, 72, 162
Okie, John B. “Jack,” 200, 203
Olbricht, Friedrich, 92n
Operation Anvil, 33
Operation Dragoon, 111, 145, 146, 150
Operation Safehaven, 154, 155, 156–59, 167–70, 174, 175, 178–80, 183–85, 205
Operation Willi, 123n
Ortega, Domingo, 136–37
OSS (Office of Strategic Services), xiv–xvii, 11, 12, 18, 27, 33, 37, 117, 169, 174, 185–87, 189, 190, 192, 193, 199, 200, 221, 225–26, 240, 242, 248, 265–66, 287n, 326n, 333n Aline recruited by, 9–10, 13–14
Aline’s oath of office for, 26–27, 26, 281n
chains of agents and informants, 104–7, 105, 106, 185
escape plans for agents of, 64
Farm, see Farm, The
German invasion preparations for agents of, 64–65
New York Times’s outing of agents in, 225n, 226
Safehaven and, 154, 155, 156–59, 167–70, 174, 175, 178–80, 183–85, 205
sections of, 18, 24, 32, 279n
State Department and, 173
termination of, 181, 184, 185, 187, 266
training at, 278n; see also Farm, The
Oster, Hans, 88, 89, 91, 92n
P
Palace Hotel, 46–47, 71, 74n, 78, 99, 146, 159
Palacio Hotel, 3–4, 4, 40–43, 40, 41, 163, 163, 172n, 199, 260, 271n, 272n, 318n
Panama, 188
Pan American Union, 11–12
Pan American Yankee Clipper, 36–39, 38, 70n, 192, 199
Paris, 154, 197–202, 206 Hôtel San Régis, 199–200, 202
Pascualete, 249, 253, 254
Pasolé, 107–11
Pearl Harbor, attack on, 6
Pearl River, NY, 4–6, 52, 244–47, 272n
Pepper, John, 189, 242
Perón, Eva, 232–33
Perón, Juan, 205, 232
Peter II, King, 201–2
Philippines, 241, 242
Pierre, xi, 16, 21, 22, 29–31, 33–34, 94–95, 145–47, 150–51, 153, 155, 156, 167, 264–65
Pimpinela, see Maria Francesca von Hohenlohe, Princess
Podevils, Hexe, 170–71
Popov, Dusko, 42n, 45n, 67n, 80n, 292n, 315n, 327n
Porter, Amy, 7
portero, 78–79, 117
Portugal, 25, 43, 67, 70, 168–69, 265–66 Estoril, see Estoril
Lisbon, 39–40, 42, 43, 70, 169, 231
secret police in, 40
Prado, 46
Primate Cathedral of Saint Mary of Toledo, 112
Primer Plano, 70, 71
Primo de Rivera, Miguel, 176, 177
pundonor, 118
Pyrenees, 104, 107–11, 132
Q
Queen Elizabeth, RMS, 244
Quintanilla, Count of, see Figueroa y Perez de Guzman, Luis de
R
Reagan, Ronald, 252
Reichswehr, 87 see also Wehrmacht
Resistance, 18, 104, 107, 108, 111, 136
Rinehart, Patricia, 263
Ritz Hotel, 46, 78, 79
Rockefeller, John D., 12
Rockefeller, Nelson, 12, 275n
Röhm, Ernst, 87–88
Romans, 112
Rome, 230, 231, 232–34
Rommel, Erwin, 91, 92n, 154n
Roosevelt, Archibald, 248
Roosevelt, Kermit, 173n
Roosevelt, Franklin D., 18n, 150n, 154, 173, 181, 275n
Rothschild, Guy de, 249
Rothschild, Marie-Hélène de, 249
Ruiz, Gonzalo, 74n
Rundstedt, Gerd von, 88, 89, 92
Russia, 25, 237, 243
Ryan, Frank T., xi, xv, 3–4, 4, 13–15, 23–27, 29, 31–32, 35, 36, 64, 72, 169, 185–89, 190, 192–94, 197, 199–202, 203–5, 208, 213, 220, 221–22, 231, 240, 241, 242–43, 248, 251, 254, 264–67, 271n, 274n, 276n, 281n, 282n, 286n, 322n, 324n Aline’s meeting of, 7–9
death of, 267
New York Times announcement of trip of, 194, 195
Ryan, John, 188
Ryan & Sons, 188, 190, 194, 197, 198, 324n
S
Safehaven, 154, 155, 156–59, 167–70, 174, 175, 178–80, 183–85, 205
Salmini, John, 39
Saludos Amigos, 12n
San Fermín de los Navarros, 225, 228–29
Sangroniz, Señor, 233
Santo Domingo, Paquito, 176
Scheib, Hans, 170
Schellenberg, Walter, 26n, 58, 60, 83, 86, 91, 92, 121, 123, 129, 147, 149
Scholtens, Frank, 60, 164
Schoonmaker, Frank, 65–66
Schubach, Herr, 171
Schulenburg, Fritz-Dietlof Graf von der, 89
Schutzstaffel (SS), 80, 87–89, 91n
Schweitzer, Albert, 263
Schweitzer Hospital, 264
Sciolitti, Max, 147
Second Punic War, 112
Selborne, Lord, 243
Serpa Pinto, SS, 70n
sereno, 78–79, 84
Serrano-Suñer, Ramón, 58, 61
Seville Festival, 249
Shanghai Municipal Police, 20
Shepardson, Whitney, xi, 32–33, 266, 287n MacMillan’s letter of recommendation of Aline to, 192, 193, 326n
Sicherheitsdienst (SD), 26n, 45, 67, 88, 177
Sinatra, Frank, 245
Smith, Walter, 55–56, 296n
SOE (Special Operations Executive), 17, 79, 189, 193, 242, 243
South America, 175, 177, 192, 205
Spain, 23–26, 29, 31–33, 39, 44–48, 49–61, 64–67, 70, 79, 92, 206, 219, 249, 265–66 Aline’s transport to, 35–44, 36, 70n
Allied Mission in, 185
American Oil Control Commission in, 33, 35, 44, 45, 51, 55–57, 72, 162, 226
Barcelona, 72, 79–80, 110, 154, 174
Britain and, 44, 45
Civil War in, 24, 25, 60, 73, 113, 235–37, 240, 245
Cordoba, 227
exchange rate and, 169–70
Falange in, 24, 58, 61, 174
Germany and, 24, 25, 44–45, 55, 67, 206
Madrid, see Madrid
Málaga, 132–34, 135–37, 139–40, 143
Renaissance in, 73