Beck, U. (1992) Risk Society: Towards a New Modernity(London: SAGE).
Beer, I. D. S. (2001) But, Headmaster! Episodes from the Life of an Independent School Headmaster(Wells: Greenbank Press).
Beer, I. D. S. (2002) Letter to Stafford Beer's children, 25 August.
Beer, S. (1953) "A Technique for Standardized Massed Batteries of Control Charts," Applied Statistics, 2,160–65. Reprinted in Beer, How Many Grapes Went into the Wine? Stafford Beer on the Art and Science of Holistic Management(New York: Wiley, 1994), pp. 35–42.
Beer, S. (1954) "The Productivity Index in Active Service," Applied Statistics, 3,1–14. Reprinted in Beer, How Many Grapes Went into the Wine? Stafford Beer on the Art and Science of Holistic Management(New York: Wiley, 1994), pp. 43–58.
Beer, S. (1956) "The Impact of Cybernetics on the Concept of Industrial Organization," in Proceedings of the First International Congress on Cybernetics, Namur, 26–29 June 1956(Paris: Gauthier-Villars). Reprinted in Beer, How Many Grapes Went into the Wine? Stafford Beer on the Art and Science of Holistic Management(New York: Wiley, 1994), pp. 75–95.
Beer, S. (1959) Cybernetics and Management(London: English Universities Press).
Beer, S. (1994 [1960]) "Retrospect—American Diary, 1960," in Beer, How Many Grapes Went into the Wine? Stafford Beer on the Art and Science of Holistic Management(New York: Wiley), pp. 229–309.
Beer, S. (1962a) "Towards the Automatic Factory," in H. von Foerster and G. Zopf (eds.), Principles of Self-Organization: Transactions of the University of Illinois Symposium on Self-Organization, Robert Allerton Park, 8 and 9 June, 1961[sic: actually 1960] (New York: Pergamon), pp. 25–89. Reprinted in Beer, How Many Grapes Went into the Wine? Stafford Beer on the Art and Science of Holistic Management(New York: Wiley, 1994), pp. 163–225.
Beer, S. (1962b) "A Progress Note on Research into a Cybernetic Analogue of Fabric," Artorga,Communication 40, April 1962. Reprinted in Beer, How Many Grapes Went into the Wine? Stafford Beer on the Art and Science of Holistic Management(New York: Wiley, 1994), pp. 24–32.
Beer, S. (1965) "Cybernetics and the Knowledge of God," Month, 34,291–303.
Beer, S. (1967) Cybernetics and Management,2nd ed. (London: English Universities Press).
Beer, S. (1968a) Management Science: The Business Use of Operations Research(Garden City, NY: Doubleday).
Beer, S. (1968b) "SAM," in J. Reichardt (ed.), Cybernetic Serendipity: The Computer and the Arts(London: W. & J. Mackay), pp. 11–12.
Beer, S. (1969) "The Aborting Corporate Plan," in Perspectives on Planning(Paris: OECD).
Beer, S. (1975 [1970]) "The Liberty Machine," keynote address to the American Society of Cybernetics conference "The Environment," Washington DC, 8–9 October 1970, in Beer, Platform for Change: A Message from Stafford Beer(New York: John Wiley), pp. 307–21.
Beer, S. (1972) Brain of the Firm(London: Penguin).
Beer, S. (1975a [1973]) "The World We Manage," Behavioral Science, 18,198–209. Reprinted as "The Surrogate World We Manage," in Beer, Platform for Change: A Message from Stafford Beer(New York: John Wiley, 1975), pp. 397–416.
Beer, S. (1975b [1973]) "Fanfare for Effective Freedom: Cybernetic Praxis in Government," in Beer, Platform for Change: A Message from Stafford Beer(New York: John Wiley, 1975), pp. 421–52.
Beer, S. (1973a) "Beer Replies," New Scientist, 57,449.
Beer, S. (1973b) "Beer to Grosch," New Scientist, 57,685–86.
Beer, S. (1974a) "Cybernetics of National Development," Zaheer Foundation Lecture, New Delhi, India. Reprinted in Beer, How Many Grapes Went into the Wine? Stafford Beer on the Art and Science of Holistic Management(New York: Wiley, 1994), pp. 316–43.
Beer, S. (1974b) Designing Freedom(Toronto: CBC Publications).
Beer, S. (1975) Platform for Change: A Message from Stafford Beer(New York: John Wiley).
Beer, S. (1977) Transit(Dyfed, Wales: CWRW Press). 2nd ed., 1983 (Charlottetown, PEI, Canada: Mitchell Communications).
Beer, S. (1979) The Heart of the Enterprise(New York: Wiley).
Beer, S. (1994 [1980]) "I Said, You Are Gods," second annual Teilhard Lecture. Reprinted in Beer, How Many Grapes Went into the Wine? Stafford Beer on the Art and Science of Holistic Management(New York: Wiley, 1994), pp. 375–96.
Beer, S. (1981) Brain of the Firm,2nd ed. (New York: Wiley).
Beer, S. (1983) "A Reply to Ulrich's 'Critique of Pure Cybernetic Reason: The Chilean Experiment with Cybernetics,' " Journal of Applied Systems Analysis, 10,115–19.
Beer, S. (1985) Diagnosing the System for Organizations(New York: Wiley).
Beer, S. (1989a) "The Viable System Model: Its Provenance, Development, Methodology and Pathology," in R. Espejo and R. Harnden (eds.), The Viable System Model: Interpretations and Applications of Stafford Beer's VSM(New York: Wiley), pp. 11–37.
Beer, S. (1989b) "The Chronicles of Wizard Prang" (unpublished manuscript, Toronto), available at www.chroniclesofwizardprang.com.
Beer, S. (1990a) "Recursion Zero: Metamanagement," Systems Practice, 3,315–26.
Beer, S. (1990b) "On Suicidal Rabbits: A Relativity of Systems," Systems Practice, 3,115–124.
Beer, S. (1993a) "World in Torment: A Time Whose Idea Must Come," Kybernetes, 22,15–43.
Beer, S. (1993b) "Requiem," Kybernetes, 22,105–8.
Beer, S. (1994a) How Many Grapes Went into the Wine? Stafford Beer on the Art and Science of Holistic Management,R. Harnden and A. Leonard (eds.) (New York: Wiley).
Beer, S. (1994b) Beyond Dispute: The Invention of Team Syntegrity(New York: Wiley).
Beer, S. (1994c) The Falcondale Collection: Stafford Beer Initiates an Audience into the World of Systems and Managerial Cybernetics,videotape and transcript (Liverpool: JMU Services).
Beer, S. (2000) "Ten Pints of Beer: The Rationale of Stafford Beer's Cybernetic Books (1959–94)," Kybernetes, 29,558–72.
Beer, S. (2001) "A Filigree Friendship," Kybernetes, 30,551–59.
Beer, S. (2004 [2001]) "What Is Cybernetics?" acceptance speech for an honorary degree at the University of Valladolid, Mexico, October 2001 in Kybernetes, 33,853–63.
Berke, J. (ed.) (1970) Counter Culture: The Creation of an Alternative Society(London: Peter Owen).
Berkeley, E. C. (1952) "The Construction of Living Robots" (unpublished manuscript, New York), available at www.purplestatic.com/robot/index.htm.
Blohm, H., S. Beer, and D. Suzuki (1986) Pebbles to Computers: The Thread(Toronto: Oxford University Press).
Borck, C. (2000) "Aiming High: Cybernetics in Wartime Germany," paper delivered at colloquium, Max Planck Institute for History of Science, 9 May 2000.
Borck, C. (2001) "Electricity as a Medium of Psychic Life: Electrotechnological Adventures into Psychodiagnosis in Weimar Germany," Science in Context, 14,565–90.
Bowker, G. (1993) "How to Be Universal: Some Cybernetic Strategies, 1943–70," Social Studies of Science, 23,107–27.
Bowker, G. (2005) Memory Practices in the Sciences(Cambridge, MA: MIT Press).
Boxer, S. (2005) "Art That Puts You in the Picture, Like It or Not," New York Times,27 April 2005.
Braitenberg, V. (1984) Vehicles: Experiments in Synthetic Psychology(Cambridge, MA: MIT Press).
Brand, S. (1987) The Media Lab: Inventing the Future at MIT(New York: Viking).
Brand, S. (1994) How Buildings Learn: What Happens After They're Built(New York: Viking).
Brier, S., and R. Glanville (eds.) (2003) Heinz von Foerster, 1911–2002,special issue of Cybernetics and Human Knowing, 10,no. 3–4.
Brooks, R. (1999 [1986]) "A Robust Layered Control System for a Mobile Robot," IEEE Journal of Robotics and Automation, RA-2,14–23. Reprinted in Brooks, Cambrian Intelligence: The Early History of the New AI(Cambridge, MA: MIT Press), pp. 3–26.
Brooks, R. (1999 [1991]) "Intelligence without Reason," in Proceedings of the 1991 Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence,569–95. Reprinted in Brooks, Cambrian Intelligence: The Early History of the New AI(Cambridge,
MA: MIT Press, 1999), pp. 133–86.
Brooks, R. (1999 [1995]) "Intelligence without Representation," Artificial Intelligence Journal, 47,139–60. Reprinted in Brooks, Cambrian Intelligence: The Early History of the New AI(Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1999), pp. 79–101.
Brooks, R. (1999) Cambrian Intelligence: The Early History of the New AI(Cambridge, MA: MIT Press).
Brooks, R. (2002) Robot: The Future of Flesh and Machines(London: Allen Lane).
Brown, G. S. (1969) Laws of Form(London: George Allen & Unwin).
Buchanan, M. (2007) "The Messy Truth about Drag," Nature Physics, 3(April), 213.
Bula, G. (2004) "Observations on the Development of Cybernetic Ideas in Colombia: A Tribute to Stafford Beer," Kybernetes, 33,647–58.
Burgess, A. (1963) A Clockwork Orange(New York: Norton).
Burnham, J. (1968) Beyond Modern Sculpture: The Effects of Science and Technology on the Sculpture of This Century(New York: George Braziller).
Burns, D. (2002) The David Burns Manuscript,Brent Potter (ed.) (unpublished manuscript), available at laingsociety.org/colloquia/thercommuns/dburns1.htm#cit.
Burroughs, W. S. (2001 [1956]) "Letter from a Master Addict to Dangerous Drugs," British Journal of Addiction, 53.Reprinted in Naked Lunch: The Restored Text,J. Grauerholz and B. Miles (eds.) (New York: Grove Press). pp. 213–29.
Burroughs, W. S. (2001 [1959]) Naked Lunch: The Restored Text,J. Grauerholz and B. Miles (eds.) (New York: Grove Press).
Burston, D. (1996) The Wing of Madness: The Life and Work of R. D. Laing(Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press).
Butler, F. (1978) Feedback: A Survey of the Literature(New York: Plenum).
Byatt, A. S. (2002) A Whistling Woman(London: Chatto & Windus).
Cage, J. (1991) "An Autobiographical Statement,"www.newalbion.com/artists/cagej/ autobiog.html.
Cameron, J. L., R. D. Laing, and A. McGhie (1955) "Patient and Nurse: Effects of Environmental Change in the Care of Chronic Schizophrenics," Lancet, 266(31 December), 1384–86.
Canguilhem, G. (2005 [1983]) "The Object of the History of Sciences," in G. Gutting (ed.), Continental Philosophy of Science(Malden, MA: Blackwell), pp. 198–207.
Cannon, W. B. (1929) "Organisation for Physiological Homeostasis," Physiological Reviews, 9.
Cannon, W. B. (1932) The Wisdom of the Body(London).
Cannon, W. B. (1942) "Voodoo Death," American Anthropologist, 33,169–81.
Capra, F. (1996) The Web of Life: A New Scientific Understanding of Living Systems(New York: Anchor Books).
Cariani, P. (1993) "To Evolve an Ear: Epistemological Implications of Gordon Pask's Electrochemical Devices," Systems Research, 10,19–33.
Castaneda, C. (1968) The Teachings of Don Juan: A Yaqui Way of Knowledge(Harmondsworth: Penguin).
Choudhury, R. R. (1993) "Black Holes, Time Bandits and the Gentleman's Code," Systems Research, 10,209–10.
Clark, D. J. (2002) "Enclosing the Field: From 'Mechanisation of Thought Processes' to 'Autonomics' " (PhD thesis, University of Warwick).
Cobb, W. A. (1981) "E.E.G.: Historical, Personal and Anecdotal," second Grey Walter Memorial Lecture, Runwell Hospital, Essex, 27 October 1979, Journal of Electrophysiological Technology, 7,58–66.
Collins, H. M. (1974) "The TEA Set: Tacit Knowledge and Scientific Networks," Science Studies, 4,165–86.
Conant, R. (1974) "W. Ross Ashby (1903–1972)," International Journal of General Systems, 1,4–5.
Conant, R. C., and W. R. Ashby (1970) "Every Good Regulator of a System Must Be a Model of That System," International Journal of Systems Science, 1,89–97. Reprinted in Ashby, Mechanisms of Intelligence: Ross Ashby's Writings on Cybernetics,R. Conant (ed.) (Seaside, CA: Intersystems Publications, 1981), pp. 187–95.
Conway, F., and J. Siegelman (2005) Dark Hero of the Information Age: In Search of Norbert Wiener, the Father of Cybernetics(New York: Basic Books).
Cook, P. (2001) "The Extraordinary Gordon Pask," Kybernetes, 30,571–72.
Cooper, D. (1967) Psychiatry and Anti-psychiatry(London: Tavistock Institute). Reprinted 1970 (London: Paladin).
Cooper, D. (ed.) (1968) To Free a Generation: The Dialectics of Liberation(New York: Collier).
Cooper, R. (1993) "Walter, (William) Grey (1910–1977)," in C. S. Nicholls (ed.), Dictionary of National Biography: Missing Persons(Oxford: Oxford University Press). pp. 699–700.
Cooper, R., and J. Bird (1989) The Burden: Fifty Years of Clinical and Experimental Neuroscience at the Burden Neurological Institute(Bristol: White Tree Books).
Cordeschi, R. (2002) The Discovery of the Artificial: Behaviour, Mind and Machines before and beyond Cybernetics(Dordrecht: Kluwer).
Craik, K. J. W. (1943) The Nature of Explanation(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).
Craik, K. J. W. (1947) "Theory of the Human Operator in Control Systems," pt. 1, "The Operator as an Engineeering System"; pt. 2, "Man as an Example in a Control System," British Journal of Psychology, 38,56–61; 39,142–48. Reprinted in C. R. Evans and A. D. J. Robertson (eds.), Key Papers: Cybernetics(Manchester: University Park Press, 1968), pp. 120–39.
Craik, K. J. W. (1966) The Nature of Psychology: A Selection of Papers, Essays and Other Writings by the Late Kenneth J. W. Craik,S. L. Sherwood (ed.) (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).
Damper, R. I. (ed.) (1993) Biologically-Inspired Robotics: The Legacy of W. Grey Walter,Proceedings of an EPSRC/BBSRC international workshop, Bristol, 14–16 August 2002, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, 361,2081–2421.
Davenport, M.L. (2005) "A Home Is Broken: The Closure of a Philadelphia Association Household,"www.philadelphia-association.co.uk/archive/shirland_closure .pdf.
de Brath, S. (1925) Psychical Research, Science and Religion(London: Methuen).
DeLanda, M. (2002) Intensive Science and Virtual Philosophy(Continuum Books: London).
DeLanda, M. (2005) "Matter Matters," Domus,no. 884 (September), 94.
de Latil, P. (1956) Thinking by Machine: A Study of Cybernetics(London: Sidgwick & Jackson).
Deleuze, G., and F. Guattari (1987) A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia(Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press).
Dell, P. F. (1989) "Violence and the Systemic View: The Problem of Power," Family Process, 28,1–14.
de Zeeuw G. (1993) "Improvement and Research: A Paskian Evolution," Systems Research , 10,193–203.
Donoso, R. (2004) "Heinz and Stafford: A Tribute to Heinz von Foerster and Stafford Beer," Kybernetes, 33,659–67.
Dror, O. (2004) " 'Voodoo Death': Fantasy, Excitement, and the Untenable Boundaries of Biomedical Science," in R. D. Johnston (ed.), The Politics of Healing: Essays on the Twentieth-Century History of North American Alternative Medicine(New York: Routledge), pp. 71–81.
Dupuy, J.-P. (2000) The Mechanization of the Mind: On the Origins of Cognitive Science(Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press).
Edelman, G. (1992) Bright Air, Brilliant Fire: On the Matter of the Mind(New York: Basic Books).
Edgell, B. (1924) Theories of Memory(Oxford: Oxford University Press).
Edwards, P. N. (1996) The Closed World: Computers and the Politics of Discourse in Cold War America(Cambridge, MA: MIT Press).
Eliade, M. (1969) Yoga: Immortality and Freedom(Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press).
Elichirigoity, I. (1999) Planet Management: Limits to Growth, Computer Simulation, and the Emergence of Global Spaces(Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press).
Ellul, J. (1964) The Technological Society(New York: Knopf).
Eno, B. (1996a) A Year with Swollen Appendices(London: Faber & Faber).
Eno, B. (1996b) "Generative Music," talk delivered at the Imagination Conference, San Francisco, 8 June 1996. Reproduced in In Motion Magazine,www.inmotionmagazine.com/eno1.html.
Erickson, B. (2005) "The Only Way Out Is In: The Life of Richard Price," in J. Kripal and G. Shuck (eds.), On the Edge of the Future: Esalen and the Evolution of American Culture(Bloomington, I
N: Indiana University Press), pp. 132–64.
Espejo, R. (ed.) (2004) Tribute to Stafford Beer,special issue of Kybernetes, 33,nos. 3–4, 481–863.
Espejo, R., and R. Harnden (eds.) (1989) The Viable System Model: Interpretations, and Applications of Stafford Beer's VSM(New York: Wiley).
Evans, C. C., and E. Osborn (1952), "An Experiment in the Electro-Encephalography of Mediumistic Trance," Journal of the Society for Psychical Research, 36,588–96.
Ezard, J. (2002) "Joan Littlewood," Guardian,September, 20, 23.
Feyerabend, P. K. (1993) Against Method,3rd ed. (New York: Verso).
Fleming, G. W. T. H. (ed.) (1950) Recent Progress in Psychiatry,special issue of Journal of Mental Science(London: Churchill).
Fleming, G. W. T. H., F. L. Golla, and W. Grey Walter (1939) "Electric-Convulsive Therapy of Schizophrenia," Lancet, 64,no. 6070 (December), 1353–55.
Fortun, M., and S. Schweber (1993) "Scientists and the Legacy of World War II: The Case of Operations Research," Social Studies of Science, 23,595–642.
Foucault, M. (1988) Technologies of the Self: A Seminar with Michel Foucault,L. H. Martin, H. Gutman, and P. H. Hutton (eds.) (Amherst, MA: University of Massachusetts Press).
Franchi, S., G. Güzeldere, and E. Minch (1995) "Interview with Heinz von Foerster," in Franchi and Güzeldere (eds.), Constructions of the Mind: Artificial Intelligence and the Humanities, Stanford Humanities Review, 4,no. 2, 288–307.
Frazer, J. H. (1995) An Evolutionary Architecture(London: Architectural Association).
Frazer, J. H. (2001) "The Cybernetics of Architecture: A Tribute to the Contribution of Gordon Pask," Kybernetes, 30,641–51.
Fujimura, J. H. (2005) "Postgenomic Futures: Translations across the Machine-Nature Border in Systems Biology," New Genetics and Society, 24,195–225.
Galison, P. (1994) "The Ontology of the Enemy: Norbert Wiener and the Cybernetic Vision," Critical Inquiry, 21,228–66.
Gardner, H. (1987) The Mind's New Science: A History of the Cognitive Revolution(New York: Basic Books).
Gardner, M. R., and W. R. Ashby (1970) "Connectance of Large Dynamic (Cybernetic) Systems: Critical Values for Stability," Nature, 228,784. Reprinted in Ashby, Mechanisms of Intelligence: Ross Ashby's Writings on Cybernetics,R. Conant (ed.) (Seaside, CA: Intersystems Publications, 1981), pp. 85–86.
The Cybernetic Brain Page 64