A Very Dangerous Woman: The Lives, Loves and Lies of Russia's Most Seductive Spy

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A Very Dangerous Woman: The Lives, Loves and Lies of Russia's Most Seductive Spy Page 49

by Deborah McDonald


  Nigel West, December 2010

  Conducted/collated by Andrew Boyle, 1979–1980 (CUL Add 9429/2B/1-178)

  Correspondence. Paul Benckendorff, Isiah Berlin, Nathalie Brooke (neé Benckendorff), Michael Burn, Kira Clegg, Tony Cliff, Lady Diana Cooper, Alastair Forbes, Martha Gellhorn, Martin Gilbert, Harman Grisewood, Robert Keyserlingk, Marina Majdalany, Nigel Nicolson, Sir Michael Postan, Lord Ritchie Calder, Alexis Scherbatow, Count Nikolai Tolstoy, Feliks Topolski, Lord Vaizey, Alan Walker, Rebecca West, Ted Willis.

  Interviews. Enid Bagnold, Baron Robert Boothby, Nathalie Brooke (neé Benckendorff), Michael Burn, Tony Cliff, Lady Diana Cooper, Hamish and Yvonne Hamilton, Sir Rupert Hart-Davis, Sir John Lawrence, Marina Majdalany, Malcolm Muggeridge, Sir Michael and Lady Postan, Lord Ritchie Calder, Kyril Zinovieff.

  Books & articles

  Abraham, Richard, Alexander Kerensky: The First Love of the Revolution (London: Sidgwick & Jackson, 1987).

  Alexander, Tania, An Estonian Childhood: A Memoir (London: Heinemann, 1987).

  Andrew, Christopher, Secret Service: The Making of the British Intelligence Community (London: Heinemann, 1985).

  Avrich, Paul, The Russian Anarchists (Oakland CA: AK Press, 2005; orig. pub. 1967, Princeton University Press).

  Bagnold, Enid, Autobiography (from 1889) (London: Heinemann, 1969).

  Bainton, Roy, Honoured by Strangers: The Life of Captain Francis Cromie CB, DSO, RN, 1882–1918 (Shrewsbury: Airlife, 2002).

  Beaton, Cecil, The Years Between: Diaries, 1939–1944 (London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1965).

  Beesly, Patrick, Room 40: British Naval Intelligence 1914–1918 (London: Hamish Hamilton, 1982).

  Benckendorff, Count Constantine, Half a Life: The Reminiscences of a Russian Gentleman (London: Richards, 1954).

  Benckendorff, Count Paul, Last Days at Tsarskoe Selo: Being the Personal Notes and Memories of Count Paul Benckendorff, transl. Maurice Baring (London: Heinemann, 1927), available online www.alexanderpalace.org/lastdays/intro.html (retrieved 17 Mar. 2014).

  Berberova, Nina, The Italics Are Mine, transl. Philippe Radley (London: Longmans, 1969).

  Berberova, Nina, Moura: The Dangerous Life of the Baroness Budberg, transl. Marian Schwartz & Richard D. Sylvester (New York: New York Review of Books, 1981, 2005).

  Boothby, Baron Robert, Boothby: Recollections of a Rebel (London: Hutchinson, 1978).

  Britnieva, Mary, One Woman’s Story (London: Arthur Barker, 1934).

  Buchanan, Sir George, My Mission to Russia vol. II (London: Cassell, 1923).

  Buchanan, Meriel, Petrograd: The City of Trouble, 1914–1918 (London: Collins, 1918).

  Buchanan, Meriel, Recollections of Imperial Russia (London: Hutchinson, 1923).

  Buchanan, Meriel, The Dissolution of an Empire (London: John Murray, 1932).

  Buchanan, Meriel, Victorian Gallery (London: Cassell, 1956).

  Buchanan, Meriel, Ambassador’s Daughter (London: Cassell, 1958).

  Burke’s Peerage, Baronetage and Knightage 107th edn, (Cambridge: Burke’s Peerage, 2003).

  Burn, Michael, Out on a Limb (London: Chatto & Windus, 1973).

  Burton, Richard, The Richard Burton Diaries, ed. Chris Williams (Yale University Press, 2012).

  Carney, Michael, Stoker: The Life of Hilda Matheson (Michael Carney, 1999).

  Carter, Miranda, Anthony Blunt: His Lives (London: Macmillan, 2001).

  Chukovsky, Kornei, Diary, 1901–1969, ed. Victor Ehrlich, transl. Michael Henry Heim (New Haven CT: Yale University Press, 2005).

  Cook, Andrew, Ace of Spies: The True Story of Sidney Reilly (Stroud: History Press, 2004).

  Cross, Anthony, ‘A Corner of a Foreign Field: The British Embassy in St Petersburg, 1863–1918’, The Slavonic and East European Review 88/1&2 (Jan/Apr 2010), 328–58.

  Cullen, Richard, Rasputin: The Role of Britain’s Secret Service in His Torture and Murder (London: Dialogue, 2010).

  Day, Peter, Klop: Britain’s Most Ingenious Spy (London: Biteback, 2014).

  Deacon, Richard, A History of the Russian Secret Service, rev. edn (London: Grafton, 1987).

  Debo, Richard K. ‘Lockhart Plot or Dzerhinskii Plot?’, The Journal of Modern History 43/3 (Sept. 1971), 413–39.

  De Ruvigny (publisher), ‘Garstin, Denys Norman’ in De Ruvigny’s Roll of Honour 1914–1924, CD-ROM, Navy & Military Press, available online at www.ancestry.com (retrieved 6 Apr. 2014).

  Dorril, Stephen, MI6: Inside the Covert World of Her Majesty’s Secret Intelligence Service (London: Simon & Schuster, 2002).

  Drazin, Charles, Korda: Britain’s Movie Mogul (London: I. B. Taurus, 2011).

  Figes, Orlando, A People’s Tragedy: The Russian Revolution 1891–1924 (London: Pimlico, 1997).

  Fitzpatrick, Sheila, The Commissariat of Enlightenment: Soviet Organization of Education and the Arts under Lunacharsky (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1970, 2002).

  Flood, Christopher, ‘Andre Labarthe and Raymond Aron: Political Myth and Ideology in “La France Libre”’, Journal of European Studies 1/23, 139–58.

  Foot, Michael, H. G.: The History of Mr Wells (London: Doubleday, 1995).

  Foreign Office (UK), White Paper on Russia No. 1 (1919): A Collection of Reports on Bolshevism in Russia (London: HM Stationery Office, 1919).

  Fuhrmann, Joseph T., Rasputin: The Untold Story (New Jersey: Wiley, 2013).

  Gannon, Paul, Inside Room 40: The Codebreakers of World War 1 (Hersham: Ian Allen, 2010).

  Garstin, Denis, The Shilling Soldiers (London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1918).

  Gorky, Maxim, Fragments from My Diary, rev. edn transl. Moura Budberg (London: Allen Lane, 1940, 1972).

  Hanfstaengl, Ernst, The Unknown Hitler (London: Gibson Square, 2005).

  Hill, Captain George A. Go Spy the Land: Being the Adventures of I.K.8 of the British Secret Service (London: Cassell, 1932).

  Hughes, Michael, Inside the Enigma: British Officials in Russia, 1900–39 (London: Hambledon Press, 1997).

  Jeffery, Keith, MI6: The History of the Secret Intelligence Service 1909–1949 (London: Bloomsbury, 2010).

  Jones, David R. (comp. & ed.), ‘Documents on British Relations with Russia, 1917–1918, II-IV: F. N. A. Cromie’s Letters’, Canadian-American Slavic Studies 7 (1973), 350–75, 498–510; 8 (1974), 544–62.

  Katchanovski, Ivan, Zenon E. Kohut, Bohdan Y. Nebesio & Myroslav Yurkevich, Historical Dictionary of Ukraine (Plymouth: Scarecrow Press, 2013).

  Keane, Elizabeth, Séan MacBride: A Life (Dublin: Gill & Macmillan, 2007).

  Kettle, Michael, The Allies and the Russian Collapse: March 1917–March 1918 (London: André Deutsch, 1981).

  Kettle, Michael, The Road to Intervention: March–November 1918 (London: Routledge, 1988).

  Kettle, Michael, Churchill and the Archangel Fiasco: November 1918–July 1919 (London: Routledge, 1992).

  Khodasevich, Vladislav, ‘Gorky’ in Gorky’s Tolstoy & Other Reminiscences: Key Writings by and about Maxim Gorky, transl. & ed. Donald Fanger (Yale University Press, 2008).

  Knox, Alfred William Fortescue, With the Russian Army, 1914–17, vol. II (London: Hutchinson, 1921).

  Kollontai, Alexandra, Selected Writings of Alexandra Kollontai, ed. Alix Holt (London: Allison and Busby, 1977).

  Korda, Michael, Charmed Lives: A Family Romance (New York: Random House, 1979).

  Kulik, Karol, Alexander Korda: The Man Who Could Work Miracles (London: W. H. Allen, 1975).

  Latsis, Martin, Два года борьбы на внутреннем фронте (Two Years of Struggle on the Home Front) (Moscow, 1920).

  Leggett, George, The Cheka: Lenin’s Political Police (Oxford: Clarendon, 1981).

  Lewis, Terrance L., Prisms of British Appeasement: Revisionist Reputations of John Simon, Samuel Hoare, Anthony Eden, Lord Halifax and Alfred Duff Cooper (Brighton: Sussex Academic Press, 2010).

  Liddell, Guy, The Guy Liddell Diaries, 2 vols (1939–1942; 1942–1945), ed. Nigel West (Abingdon: Routledge, 2005).

  Li
ngner, George, ‘In Moscow, 1918: A Briton’s Experiences’, King Country Chronicle (New Zealand), 12/1175 (18 Feb. 1919), 2.

  Lockhart, R. H. Bruce, Memoirs of a British Agent (London: Putnam, 1932).

  Lockhart, R. H. Bruce, Retreat from Glory (London: Putnam, 1934).

  Lockhart, R. H. Bruce, The Diaries of Sir Robert Bruce Lockhart, vol. 1: 1915–1938, ed. Kenneth Young (London: Macmillan, 1973).

  Lockhart, R. H. Bruce, The Diaries of Sir Robert Bruce Lockhart, vol. 2: 1939–1965, ed. Kenneth Young (London: Macmillan, 1980).

  Lockhart, Robin Bruce, Ace of Spies (London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1967).

  Lockhart, Robin Bruce, Reilly: The First Man (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1987).

  Long, John W., ‘Plot and Counter-Plot in Revolutionary Russia: Chronicling the Bruce Lockhart Conspiracy’, Intelligence and National Security 10/1 (1995), 122–43.

  Long, John W., ‘Searching for Sidney Reilly: The Lockhart Plot in Revolutionary Russia, 1918’, Europe-Asia Studies 47/7 (1995), 1225–41.

  Lowe, C. J. & M. L. Dockerill, The Mirage of Power, vol. 2: British Foreign Policy, 1914–22 (London: Routledge, 1972).

  Lowe, C. J. & M. L. Dockerill, The Mirage of Power, vol. 3: The Documents (London: Routledge, 1972).

  Lyandres, Semion, ‘The 1918 Attempt on the Life of Lenin: A New Look at the Evidence’, Slavic Review 48/3 (1989), 432–48.

  Lynn, Andrea, Shadow Lovers: The Last Affairs of H. G. Wells (Colorado: Westview Press, 2001).

  Macintyre, Ben, A Spy Among Friends: Kim Philby and the Great Betrayal (London: Bloomsbury, 2014).

  McMeekin, Sean, History’s Greatest Heist: The Looting of Russia by the Bolsheviks (New Haven CT: Yale University Press, 2009).

  Malkov, Pavel, Записки коменданта Кремля (Reminiscences of a Kremlin Commandant) (Moscow: Chernovol, 1967).

  Milton, Giles, Russian Roulette (London: Sceptre, 2013).

  Mitrokhin, Vasiliy, Chekisms: Tales of the Cheka, a KGB Anthology, transl. Harry Spinnaker (London: Yurasov Press, 2008).

  Nicolson, Harold, The Harold Nicolson Diaries and Letters: 1907–1964, ed. Nigel Nicolson (London: Phoenix, 2005).

  Norman, Bruce, Secret Warfare: The Battle of Codes and Ciphers (Newton Abbot: David & Charles, 1973).

  Orwell, George, ‘Wells, Hitler, and the World State’, Horizon August 1941, 133–9.

  Owen, G. L., ‘Budberg, the Soviets, and Reilly’, unpublished paper, 1988 (via Andrea Lynn).

  Peters, Yakov, ‘Дело Локкарта. Работа тов. Петерса о деле Локкарта 1918 г’ (‘The Lockhart Case: Report by Comrade Peters on the Lockhart Case, 1918’) in Архив ВЧК: Сборник документов (Cheka Archives: A Collection of Documents), eds V. Vinogradov, A. Litvin, V. Hristoforov; comps: V. Vinogradov, N. Peremyshlennikova (Moscow: Kuchkovo Pole, 2007). (English transl. courtesy John Puckett.)

  Phillips, Neville, The Stage Struck Me (Leicester: Matador, 2008).

  Plotke, A. J., Imperial Spies Invade Russia: The British Intelligence Interventions, 1918 (Westport CT: Greenwood Press, 1993).

  Rabinowitch, Alexander, The Bolsheviks in Power: The First Year of Soviet Rule in Petrograd (Bloomington IN: Indiana University Press, 2007).

  Raun, Toivo U., Estonia and the Estonians (Stanford CA: Hoover Institution, 2001).

  Reilly, Sidney, Britain’s Master Spy: The Adventures of Sidney Reilly: An Autobiography (New York: Carroll & Graf, 1986; first pub. London: E. Mathews & Marrot, 1931).

  Russell, Bertrand, The Practice and Theory of Bolshevism (London: George Allen & Unwin, 1920).

  Sayers, Michael & Albert Eugene Kahn, Sabotage! The Secret War Against America, vol. 2 (New York: Harper & Bros, 1942).

  Senenko, Marina, ‘Late 19th-century private collections in Moscow and their fate between 1918 and 1924’ in Dutch and Flemish Art in Russia, eds L. Gortner, G. Schwartz & B. Vermet (Amsterdam: CODART & Foundation for Cultural Inventory, 2005), available online at www.codart.nl/downloads/Dutch_and_Flemish_art_in_Russia_part_1.pdf (retrieved 12 Apr. 2014).

  Shentalinsky, Vitaly, The KGB’s Literary Archive, transl. John Crowfoot (London: Harvill Press, 1997).

  Sheridan, Clare, Mayfair to Moscow: Clare Sheridan’s Diary (New York: Boni and Liveright, 1921).

  Smith, David C., H. G. Wells: Desperately Mortal (New Haven CT: Yale University Press, 1986).

  Smith, Douglas, Former People: The Last Days of the Russian Aristocracy (London: Macmillan, 2012).

  Spence, Richard B., Trust No One: The Secret World of Sidney Reilly (Port Townsend WA: Feral House, 2003).

  Stevenson, Robert Louis, Virginibus Puerisque (first publ. in series 1876–1881), available online at https://archive.org/details/virginibuspueris05stev (retrieved 9 January 2015).

  Stites, Richard, Russian Popular Culture: Entertainment and Society Since 1900 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992).

  Subtelny, Orest, Ukraine: A History, 4th edn, ebook (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2009).

  Swain, Geoffrey, The Origins of the Russian Civil War (Harlow: Longman, 1996).

  Swain, Geoffrey, ‘“An Interesting and Plausible Proposal”: Bruce Lockhart, Sidney Reilly and the Latvian Riflemen, Russia 1918’, Intelligence and National Security 14/3 (1999), 81–102.

  Toomey, Deirdre, ‘Gonne, (Edith) Maud (1866–1953)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004).

  Troyat, Henri, Gorky: A Biography (London: Crown, 1989).

  Ullman, Richard H., Anglo-Soviet Relations, 1917–1921, vol. 1: Intervention and the War (Princeton NJ: Princeton University Press, 1961).

  US Dept of State, Papers Relating to the Foreign Relations of the United States, 1918. Russia, Vol. I (Washington DC: US Government Printing Office, 1918). Available online at http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1711.dl/FRUS.FRUS1918v1 (retrieved 14 May 2014).

  Ustinov, Nadia Benois, Klop and the Ustinov Family (London: Sidgwick & Jackson, 1973).

  Ustinov, Peter, Dear Me (London: Arrow, 1998).

  Vaksberg, Arkady, The Murder of Maxim Gorky: A Secret Execution, transl. Todd Bludeau (New York: Enigma Books, 2007).

  Vickers, Hugo, Cecil Beaton: The Authorized Biography (London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1985).

  Walpole, Hugh (ed.), ‘Denis Garstin and the Russian Revolution: A Brief Word in Memory’, Slavonic and East European Review 17/51 (April 1939), 587–605.

  Ward, Margaret, Maud Gonne: A Life (London: HarperCollins, 1993).

  Weidenfeld, George, George Weidenfeld: Remembering My Good Friends (London: HarperCollins, 1995).

  Wells, H. G., Russia in the Shadows (London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1920).

  Wells, H. G., Experiment in Autobiography vol. II (London: Victor Gollancz/Cresset Press, 1934).

  Wells, H. G., H. G. Wells in Love: Postscript to an Experiment in Autobiography, ed. G. P. Wells (London: Faber & Faber, 1984).

  Wells, H. G. The Correspondence of H. G. Wells, 4 vols, ed. David C. Smith (London: Pickering & Chatto, 1998).

  Wells, H. G., Suppressed pages from H. G. Wells in Love, H. G. Wells Collection, University of Illinois, reproduced in appendix to Andrea Lynn, Shadow Lovers: The Last Affairs of H. G. Wells (Boulder CO: Westview Press, 2001).

  Werth, Nicholas, ‘A State Against Its People: Violence, Repression, and Terror in the Soviet Union’ in The Black Book of Communism, eds S. Courtois & M. Kramer (Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press, 1999).

  West, Anthony, H. G. Wells: Aspects of a Life (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1985).

  West, Nigel & Oleg Tsarev, The Crown Jewels: The British Secrets at the Heart of the KGB Archives (London: HarperCollins, 1998).

  White, Anna MacBride & A. Norman Jeffares (eds), The Gonne–Yeats Letters, 1893–1938 (New York: W. W. Norton, 1994).

  Whitman, Walt, Song of Myself (editions publ. 1855–1892), available online at https://archive.org/details/cu31924022222057 (retrieved 9 January 2015).

  Illustrations

  1. The Russi
an Orthodox Church, Ennismore Gardens, the principal church for Russian émigrés in London.

  2. Berezova Rudka, (formerly Beriozovaya Rudka), Ukraine, the country seat of the Zakrevsky family, where Moura spent much of her childhood.

  3. Moura with her husband Djon von Benckendorff, at the Berlin races, 1913.

  4. Meriel Buchanan during her time as a nurse at the war hospital in Petrograd. c. 1916.

  5. The Red House, Yendel (now known as Jäneda Manor). Built by Djon von Benckendorff in 1910–15 based on William Morris’s Red House at Bexleyheath, London.

  6. Second Lieutenant (later Captain) Denis Garstin c. 1915.

  7. Captain Francis Cromie c. 1918.

  8. Cromie enjoys a sleigh ride with Moura (left) and Baroness Fairy Schilling.

  9. Moura with Captain Fenner, Captain Cromie and Meriel Buchanan, skiing in Estonia.

  10. Kallijärv, the lakeside house on the Yendel estate in which Moura’s family lived from 1918.

  11. Felix Dzerzhinsky, September 1918.

  12. Yakov Peters.

  13. H. G. Wells, Maxim Gorky and Moura, 1920.

  14. Robert H. Bruce Lockhart aged about twenty-two.

  15. H. G. Wells by George Charles Beresford, 1920.

  16. Moura around the time she moved to Britain.

  17. Timosha (Maxim Gorky’s daughter-in-law), Yekaterina (his legal wife) and Moura in Sorrento, 1925.

  18. Moura and her family at Kallijärv, 1930. Back row from left: Hermann von Benckendorff, R. Knupffer, Hans-Ernst von Maydell. Moura, Tania, Micky, Ilse von Hoyningen-Huene, Kira, Sophie Benckendorff, Alexander Benckendorff, Paul. Front Row: Mitja von Stackelberg, Marina von Stackelberg, Alexandra Benckendorff, Natalie Benckendorff.

 

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